MyMedR

Fulltext Variant Toll-like receptor4 (Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile alleles) and Toll-like receptor2 (Arg753Gln and Arg677Trp alleles) in colorectal cancer

Davoodi H, Seow HF

Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol, 2011 Jun;10(2):91-9.

PMID: 21625017 DOI: 010.02/ijaai.9199

The innate immune system recognizes the presence of bacterial products through the expression of a family of membrane receptors known as Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Polymorphisms in TLRs have been shown to be associated with increased susceptibility to diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease. The aim of this study was to determine whether there was a correlation between polymorphisms of TLR4 (Asp299Gly; Thr399Ile) and TLR2 (Arg677Trp; Arg753Gln) genes and risk of colorectal cancer. DNA from 60 colorectal carcinoma patients from 3 major races in Malaysia (22 Malays, 20 Chinese and 18 Indians) and blood from 50 apparently healthy individuals were evaluated. Control group were matched to study group by race and age. The polymorphisms were determined by Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Genotyping results showed two out of sixty tumour specimens (3.3%) harbored both variant TLR4 Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile alleles. In contrast, DNA isolated from blood cells of 50 apparently healthy individuals harbored wild type TLR4. In the case of TLR2 Arg753Gln genotyping, all of the fifty normal and 60 tumours were of the wild type genotype. TLR2 Arg677Trp genotyping showed a heterozygous pattern in all samples. However, this may not be a true polymorphism of the TLR2 gene as it is likely due to a variation of a duplicated ( pseudogene) region. There was only a low incidence (2/60; 3.3%) of TLR4 polymorphism at the Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile alleles in colorectal cancer patients. All normal and tumour samples harbored the wild type TLR2 Arg753 allele. Our study suggests that variant TLR4 (Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile alleles) as well as TLR2 (Arg753Gln allele) are not associated with risk of colorectal cancer.

Matched MeSH terms: Polymorphism, Genetic*

Human alcohol dehydrogenase ADH2 and ADH3 polymorphisms in ethnic Chinese and Indians of West Malaysia

Teng YS, Jehan S, Lie-Injo LE

Hum Genet, 1979;53(1):87-90.

PMID: 395099

Human alcohol dehydrogenase ADH2 and ADH3 were investigated in liver and stomach specimens of Chinese and Indians from West Malaysia. Eight-nine percent of the Chinese carry the atypical ADH2 type, a proportion very similar to that reported in Japanese. However, among 43 Indian specimens there was not a single case of atypical ADH2. In Indians, the gene frequency of ADH13 is 0.64 and of ADH23 0.36, similar to the frequencies in Caucasians, whereas in Chinese, the gene frequency for ADH13 and ADH23 is 0.91 and 0.09, respectively. We also report some unusual enzymatic characteristics in the course of our study.

Matched MeSH terms: Polymorphism, Genetic*

Genetic markers in Malaysians: variants of soluble and mitochondrial glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and salivary and pancreatic amylase, phosphoglucomutase III and saliva esterase polymorphisms

Teng YS, Tan SG, Lopez CG, Ng T, Lie-Injo LE

Hum Genet, 1978 Apr 24;41(3):347-54.

PMID: 649160

Malaysians of Malay, Chinese, and Indian ancestries were electrophoretically phenotyped for Amy1 and saliva esterase region 1 (Set-1) from saliva, Amy2 from plasma, soluble and mitochondrial GOT and PGM3 from leukocyte and placenta. Kadazans and Bajaus, the indigenous people of Sabah, East Malaysia were surveyed for Amy2. Three types of variants were observed for Amy1, one type for Amy2. Only Indians were found to be polymorphic for Amy1. Two GOTs 2-1 and three GOTm 2-1 variants were found among 281 Chinese while three GOTm 2-1 variants were found among 311 Malays. Malaysian Malays, Chinese, and Indians were found to be polymorphic for Set-1 and PGM3. The gene frequencies in Malays are Set-1F=0.601 +/- 0.021, Set-1S = 0.399 +/- 0.021; PGM13 = 0.788 +/- 0.020, PGM23 = 0.212 +/- 0.020; in Chinese Set-1F = 0.497 +/- 0.028, Set-1S = 0.503 +/- 0.028; PGM13 = 0.745 +/- 0.24, PGM23 = 0.255 +/- 0.024; in Indians, Set-1F = 0.449 +/- 0.031, Set-1S = 0.551 +/- 0.031; PGM13 = 0.755 +/- 0.029, PGM23 = 0.245 +/- 0.029.

Matched MeSH terms: Polymorphism, Genetic*

Transferrin C subtyping in Malaysians and in Indonesians from North Sumatra

Tan SG, Gan YY, Asuan K

Hum Genet, 1982;60(4):369-70.

PMID: 7106773

Malays, Chinese, and Indians from Peninsular Malaysia; Ibans and Bidayuh from Sarawak State; Kadazans from Sabah State, Northern Borneo; and Bataks, Minangkabau, and Javanese from North Sumatra, Indonesia, were subtyped for transferrin C by polyacrylamide gel isoelectric focusing. All nine populations studied are polymorphic for two alleles, TfCl and TfC2, TfC3 was polymorphic in six populations and present as a rare variant in the other three. The frequency of TfC1 ranged from 0.855 in Bidayuh to 0.711 in Javanese, that of TfC2 from 0.231 in Indians to 0.113 in Bidayuh, and that of TfC3 from 0.030 in Javanese and Chinese to 0.008 in Bidayuh. TfDchi is polymorphic in all the populations that we studied except in Minangkabau, in whom it is present as a rare variant, and in Indians, in whom it is absent.

Matched MeSH terms: Polymorphism, Genetic*

Salivary peroxidase, Pm, and Ph protein polymorphisms in Malasians.

Noraini I, Tan SG, Gan YY, Teng YS

Hum Genet, 1980;56(2):205-7.

PMID: 7450777

Three human saliva genetic markers, namely, salivary peroxidase (SAPX), Pm, and Ph proteins, were investigated in the three major ethnic groups of Malaysia: Malays, Chinese, and Indians. For Pm, the allelic frequencies of Pm+ for Malays, Chinese, and Indians are 0.385 +/- 0.030, 0.282 +/- 0.026, and 0.289 +/- 0.026 respectively. For Ph, the allelic frequencies of Ph+ are 0.082 +/- 0.016 for Malays, 0.109 +/- 0.017 for Chinese, and 0.062 +/- 0.013 for Indians. For SAPX, the allelic frequencies of SAPX1 in Malays, Chinese, and Indians are 0.762 +/- 0.027, 0.755 +/- 0.027, and 0.723 +/- 0.026 respectively.

Matched MeSH terms: Polymorphism, Genetic*

Population data for 23 Y chromosome STR loci using the Powerplex® Y23 STR kit for the Kedayan population in Malaysia

Hakim HM, Khan HO, Ismail SA, Lalung J, Kofi AE, Nelson BR, et al.

Int J Legal Med, 2020 Jul;134(4):1335-1337.

PMID: 31897667 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-019-02237-4

Genetic polymorphisms at 23 Y chromosome short tandem repeat (STRs) loci included in the Powerplex® Y23 PCR kit were successfully scored in 128 unrelated Kedayan individuals living in Sabah, East Malaysia. Complete haplotypes were recorded for all individuals and included 92 different types with 72 being unique to single male subjects. Three important forensic statistics were calculated from these data; haplotype diversity = 0.993, discriminating capacity = 0.719, and match probability = 0.015. The Kedayan appear to be most closely related to Malays and Filipinos in a multidimensional scaling plot and are separated from other mainland Asia populations including Thais and Hakka Han. These new data for Kedayan have been deposited in the YHRD database (accession number: YA004621). Our statistical analyses showed the reliability of Y-STR loci for geographically extended use in forensic casework and for studying human population history.

Matched MeSH terms: Polymorphism, Genetic*

Analysis of polymorphisms and selective pressures on ama1 gene in Plasmodium knowlesi isolates from Sabah, Malaysia

Chua CY, Lee PC, Lau TY

J Genet, 2017 Sep;96(4):653-663.

PMID: 28947714

The apical membrane antigen-1 (AMA-1) of Plasmodium spp. is a merozoite surface antigen that is essential for the recognition and invasion of erythrocytes. Polymorphisms occurring in this surface antigen will cause major obstacles in developing effective malaria vaccines based on AMA-1. The objective of this study was to characterize ama1 gene in Plasmodium knowlesi isolates from Sabah. DNA was extracted from blood samples collected from Keningau, Kota Kinabalu and Kudat. The Pkama1 gene was amplified using nested PCR and subjected to bidirectional sequencing. Analysis of DNA sequence revealed that most of the nucleotide polymorphisms were synonymous and concentrated in domain I of PkAMA-1. Forteen haplotypes were identified based on amino acid variations and haplotype K5 was the most common haplotype. dN/dS ratios implied that purifying selection was prevalent in Pkama1 gene. Fu and Li's D and F values further provided evidence of negative selection acting on domain II of Pkama1. Lownucleotide diversitywas also detected for the Pkama1 sequences,which is similar to reports on Pkama1 from Peninsular Malaysia and Sarawak. The presence of purifying selection and low nucleotide diversity indicated that domain II of Pkama1 can be used as a target for vaccine development.

Matched MeSH terms: Polymorphism, Genetic*

The 27-bp VNTR polymorphism in intron 4 of the human eNOS gene in healthy Singaporean Chinese, Indians, and Malays

Gan YY, Chen CF

Biochem Genet, 2012 Feb;50(1-2):52-62.

PMID: 21927815 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-011-9458-0

Human endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) is one isoform of the nitric oxide synthases that are responsible for nitric oxide synthesis from L-arginine. The gene encoding eNOS contains a 27-bp VNTR polymorphism in intron 4. We report here for the first time the presence of a novel allele 3, which was absent in all other populations studied to date, in 1.7% each of Singaporean Indians and Malays. We also detected the presence of a novel genotype 3/5 in 3.4% each of Singaporean Indians and Malays. Allele 6, which was absent in Han Chinese from northern China and Taiwan and was also absent in Indians from the Indian subcontinent, was found in 2.1% of Singaporean Chinese and in 0.3% of Singaporean Indians.

Matched MeSH terms: Polymorphism, Genetic*

Influence of adiponectin and resistin gene polymorphisms on quantitative traits related to metabolic syndrome among Malay, Chinese, and Indian men in Malaysia

Lau CH, Muniandy S

Biochem Genet, 2013 Feb;51(1-2):166-74.

PMID: 23114720 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-012-9552-y

Matched MeSH terms: Polymorphism, Genetic*

Polymorphism of two closely linked hexokinase loci in the grasshopper Oxya japonica japonica (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Oxyinae)

Chan KL, Yushayati Y

Biochem Genet, 1993 Feb;31(1-2):1-6.

PMID: 8471020

Matched MeSH terms: Polymorphism, Genetic*

Identification and characterization of Malaysian river catfish, Mystus nemurus (C&V): RAPD and AFLP analysis

Chong LK, Tan SG, Yusoff K, Siraj SS

Biochem Genet, 2000 Apr;38(3-4):63-76.

PMID: 11100266

This work represents the first application of the amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) technique and the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique in the study of genetic variation within and among five geographical populations of M. nemurus. Four AFLP primer combinations and nine RAPD primers detected a total of 158 and 42 polymorphic markers, respectively. The results of AFLP and RAPD analysis provide similar conclusions as far as the population clustering analysis is concerned. The Sarawak population, which is located on Borneo Island, clustered by itself and was thus isolated from the rest of the populations located in Peninsular Malaysia. Both marker systems revealed high genetic variability within the Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) and Sarawak populations. Three subgroups each from the Kedah, Perak, and Sarawak populations were detected by AFLP but not by RAPD. Unique AFLP fingerprints were also observed in some unusual genotypes sampled in Sarawak. This indicates that AFLP may be a more efficient marker system than RAPD for identifying genotypes within populations.

Matched MeSH terms: Polymorphism, Genetic/genetics*

Two microsatellite loci from Brugia malayi show polymorphisms among isolates from Indonesia and Malaysia

Underwood AP, Supali T, Wu Y, Bianco AE

Mol Biochem Parasitol, 2000 Mar 05;106(2):299-302.

PMID: 10699259

Matched MeSH terms: Polymorphism, Genetic*

Distribution of the FcgammaRIIIa 176 F/V polymorphism amongst healthy Chinese, Malays and Asian Indians in Singapore

Chong KT, Ho WF, Koo SH, Thompson P, Lee EJ

Br J Clin Pharmacol, 2007 Mar;63(3):328-32.

PMID: 16981896

To determine and compare the distribution of the FcgammaRIIIa 176 F/V polymorphism across three ethnically distinct populations (Chinese, Asian Indians and Malays) in Singapore.

Matched MeSH terms: Polymorphism, Genetic/genetics*

Red cell glyoxalase I and placental soluble aconitase polymorphisms in the three major ethnic groups of Malaysia

Teng YS, Tan SG, Ng T, Lopez CG

Jinrui Idengaku Zasshi, 1978 Sep;23(3):211-5.

PMID: 732016

Matched MeSH terms: Polymorphism, Genetic*

Determination of alpha-2-MRAP gene polymorphisms in nephrolithiasis patients

Mehde AA, Mehdi WA, Yusof F, Raus RA, Abidin ZAZ, Ghazali H, et al.

Int J Biol Macromol, 2017 Dec;105(Pt 1):1324-1327.

PMID: 28760704 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.07.167

BACKGROUND: The intron 5 insertion/deletion polymorphism of Alpha-2-macroglobulin receptor-associated protein gene (Alpha-2-MRAP) has been implicated in numerous diseases. The current study was designed to analyze the association of intron 5 insertion/deletion polymorphism of Alpha-2-MRAP with nephrolithiasis patients.

METHODS: PCR was conducted on genomic DNA of patients and control to look for Alpha-2-MRAP insertion/deletion polymorphism. Besides that, serum level of Alpha-2-MRAP, oxidative stress marker myeloperoxidase, Malondialdehyde (MDA), Advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), and uric acid were determined.

RESULTS: The D and I allele frequencies were 57.50% and 42.50% in patients, 77.50% and 22.50% in control, individually. The result showed that II genotype was associated with nephrolithiasis patients group. A significant decrease was observed in serum Alpha-2-MRAP,myeloperoxidase and TAS,while TOS,OSI,MDA,AOPP and uric acid were substantially increased in II and ID when compared to DD genotype in patients with nephrolithiasis.

CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrate for the first time that patients with II genotype had an increased risk of stones. Also, the results demonstrate that I allele of the 5 insertion/deletion polymorphism in the Alpha-2-MRAP gene is related with an increase of oxidative stress in nephrolithiasis patients and may possibly impose a risk for cardiovascular diseases in patients with II genotype of Alpha-2-MRAP.

Matched MeSH terms: Polymorphism, Genetic*

Fulltext Prevalence of the CYP2C19*2 (681 G>A), *3 (636 G>A) and *17 (‑806 C>T) alleles among an Iranian population of different ethnicities

Dehbozorgi M, Kamalidehghan B, Hosseini I, Dehghanfard Z, Sangtarash MH, Firoozi M, et al.

Mol Med Rep, 2018 03;17(3):4195-4202.

PMID: 29328413 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8377

Polymorphisms in the cytochrome P (CYP) 450 family may cause adverse drug responses in individuals. Cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19) is a member of the CYP family, where the presence of the 681 G>A, 636 G>A and 806 C>T polymorphisms result in the CYP2C19*2, CYP2C19*3 and CYP2C19*17 alleles, respectively. In the current study, the frequency of the CYP2C19*2, CYP2C19*3 and CYP2C19*17 alleles in an Iranian population cohort of different ethnicities were examined and then compared with previously published frequencies within other populations. Allelic and genotypic frequencies of the CYP2C19 alleles (*2, *3 and *17) were detected using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)‑restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis, PCR‑single‑strand conformation polymorphism analysis and DNA sequencing from blood samples of 1,229 unrelated healthy individuals from different ethnicities within the Iranian population. The CYP2C19 allele frequencies among the Iranian population were 21.4, 1.7, and 27.1% for the CYP2C19*2, CYP2C19*3 and CYP2C19*17 alleles, respectively. The frequency of the homozygous A/A variant of the CYP2C19*2 allele was significantly high and low in the Lur (P<0.001) and Caspian (P<0.001) ethnicities, respectively. However, the frequency of the homozygous A/A variant of the CYP2C19*3 allele was not detected in the Iranian cohort in the current study. The frequency of the heterozygous G/A variant of the CYP2C19*3 allele had the significantly highest and lowest frequency in the Fars (P<0.001) and Lur (P<0.001) groups, respectively. The allele frequency of the homozygous T/T variant of the CYP2C19*17 allele was significantly high in the Caspian (P<0.001) and low in the Kurd (P<0.05) groups. The frequency of the CYP2C19 alleles involved in drug metabolism, may improve the clinical understanding of the ethnic differences in drug responses, resulting in the advancement of the personalized medicine among the different ethnicities within the Iranian population.

Matched MeSH terms: Polymorphism, Genetic*

Genetic polymorphism of CYP2D6: Malaysian Indians have the highest frequency for CYP2D6*4 in Asia

Ismail R, Teh LK

Eur J Clin Pharmacol, 2001 Oct;57(8):617-8.

PMID: 11758642

Matched MeSH terms: Polymorphism, Genetic*

Study of the CTLA-4 gene polymorphisms in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) samples from Malaysia

Chua KH, Puah SM, Chew CH, Tan SY, Lian LH

Ann Hum Biol, 2010 Apr;37(2):274-80.

PMID: 19951233 DOI: 10.3109/03014460903325185

In this study, we investigated the polymorphisms of the exon 1 (+49A/G), promoter sites (-1722T/C, -1661A/G, -318C/T), and 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) (+6230 A/G) of the CTLA-4 gene in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) affected patients. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism was used to determine genotypes of these five markers in 130 SLE patients and 130 healthy controls. Of the five tested polymorphisms, there was no statistical significant difference between the genotypic and allelic frequencies of patients with SLE and controls. Hence, we propose that the CTLA-4 gene does not play a major role in the genetic susceptibility to the development of SLE in the Malaysian population.

Matched MeSH terms: Polymorphism, Genetic*

Population genetics of coagulation factor XIIIB in three ethnic groups of Singapore

Saha N, Tay JS, Low PS, Basair JB

Ann Hum Biol, 1992 5 1;19(3):277-83.

PMID: 1616285

The distribution of plasma coagulation factor XXIIB polymorphism was determined by PAG isoelectric focusing and immunoblotting in a group of 670 subjects comprising 375 Chinese, 110 Malays and 185 Indians. The frequencies of FXIIIB*1, FXIIIB*2, and FXIIIB*3 were found to be 0.27, 0.03 and 0.70 in the Chinese; 0.33, 0.05 and 0.64 in the Malays and 0.58, 0.08 and 0.33 in the Indians. The phenotypic distribution of FXIIIB alleles was at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in all three populations. A two-dimensional principal-components analysis on the basis of three common alleles at the FXIIIB locus among 19 populations, so far studied, clearly differentiates the Negroid, Mongoloid and Caucasoid populations into three major groups with the exception of Amerindians (Minnesota) and US Blacks showing some Caucasoid influence.

Matched MeSH terms: Polymorphism, Genetic*

Apolipoprotein H (beta-2-glycoprotein I) polymorphism in Asians

Saha N, Kamboh MI, Kelly LJ, Ferrell RE, Tay JS

Hum Biol, 1992 Aug;64(4):617-21.

PMID: 1644427

Apolipoprotein H (APOH) (beta-2-glycoprotein I) polymorphism has been studied in 1159 Asians. The sample included 872 Chinese, 179 Asiatic Indians (Dravidian), 91 Filipinos, and 17 Malays. APOH polymorphism was determined by isoelectric focusing of sera in thin-layer polyacrylamide gels containing 3 M urea followed by immunoblotting. The frequencies of the three alleles--APOH*1, APOH*2, and APOH*3--were found to be 0.031, 0.900, and 0.069 in the Chinese; 0.061, 0.866, and 0.073 in the Dravidian Indians; 0.055, 0.923, and 0.022 in the Filipinos; and 0.088, 0.882, and 0.029 in the Malays. The phenotypic distribution was at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in all the populations.

Matched MeSH terms: Polymorphism, Genetic*

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