Displaying publications 101 - 120 of 170 in total

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  1. Horseradish peroxidase-labeled silver/reduced graphene oxide thin film-modified screen-printed electrode for detection of carcinoembryonic antigen
    Lee SX, Lim HN, Ibrahim I, Jamil A, Pandikumar A, Huang NM
    Biosens Bioelectron, 2017 Mar 15;89(Pt 1):673-680.
    PMID: 26718548 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.12.030
    In this study, a disposable and simple electrochemical immunosensor was fabricated for the detection of carcinoembryonic antigen. In this method, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were mixed with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) to modify the surface of screen-printed carbon electrode (SPE). Initially, AgNPs-rGO modified-SPEs were fabricated by using simple electrochemical deposition method. Then the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was immobilized between the primary antibody and horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated secondary antibody onto AgNPs-rGO modified-SPEs to fabricate a sandwich-type electrochemical immunosensor. The proposed method could detect the CEA with a linear range of 0.05-0.50µgmL-1 and a detection limit down to 0.035µgmL-1 as compared to its non-sandwich counterpart, which yielded a linear range of 0.05-0.40µgmL-1, with a detection limit of 0.042µgmL-1. The immunosensor showed good performance in the detection of carcinoembryonic antigen, exhibiting a simple, rapid and low-cost. The immunosensor showed a higher sensitivity than an enzymeless sensor.
    Matched MeSH terms: Horseradish Peroxidase/chemistry
  2. Fulltext Prevalence of c.2268dup and detection of two novel alterations, c.670_672del and c.1186C>T, in the TPO gene in a cohort of Malaysian-Chinese with thyroid dyshormonogenesis
    Lee CC, Harun F, Jalaludin MY, Heh CH, Othman R, Junit SM
    BMJ Open, 2015 Jan 05;5(1):e006121.
    PMID: 25564141 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006121
    OBJECTIVES: The c.2268dup mutation in the thyroid peroxidase (TPO) gene is the most common TPO alteration reported in Taiwanese patients with thyroid dyshormonogenesis. The ancestors of these patients are believed to originate from the southern province of China. Our previous study showed that this mutation leads to reduced abundance of the TPO protein and loss of TPO enzyme activity in a Malaysian-Chinese family with goitrous hypothyroidism. The aim of our study was to provide further data on the incidence of the c.2268dup mutation in a cohort of Malaysian-Chinese and its possible phenotypic effects.

    SETTING: Cohort study.

    PARTICIPANTS: Twelve biologically unrelated Malaysian-Chinese patients with congenital hypothyroidism were recruited in this study. All patients showed high thyrotropin and low free thyroxine levels at the time of diagnosis with proven presence of a thyroid gland.

    PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURE: Screening of the c.2268dup mutation in the TPO gene in all patients was carried out using a PCR-direct DNA sequencing method.

    SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURE: Further screening for mutations in other exonic regions of the TPO gene was carried out if the patient was a carrier of the c.2268dup mutation.

    RESULTS: The c.2268dup mutation was detected in 4 of the 12 patients. Apart from the c.2268dup and a previously documented mutation (c.2647C>T), two novel TPO alterations, c.670_672del and c.1186C>T, were also detected in our patients. In silico analyses predicted that the novel alterations affect the structure/function of the TPO protein.

    CONCLUSIONS: The c.2268dup mutation was detected in approximately one-third of the Malaysian-Chinese patients with thyroid dyshormonogenesis. The detection of the novel c.670_672del and c.1186C>T alterations expand the mutation spectrum of TPO associated with thyroid dyshormonogenesis.

    Matched MeSH terms: Iodide Peroxidase/genetics*
  3. Fulltext Time and dose-dependent effects of Labisia pumila on bone oxidative status of postmenopausal osteoporosis rat model
    Effendy NM, Shuid AN
    Nutrients, 2014 Aug;6(8):3288-302.
    PMID: 25195641 DOI: 10.3390/nu6083288
    Postmenopausal osteoporosis can be associated with oxidative stress and deterioration of antioxidant enzymes. It is mainly treated with estrogen replacement therapy (ERT). Although effective, ERT may cause adverse effects such as breast cancer and pulmonary embolism. Labisia pumila var. alata (LP), a herb used traditionally for women's health was found to protect against estrogen-deficient osteoporosis. An extensive study was conducted in a postmenopausal osteoporosis rat model using several LP doses and duration of treatments to determine if anti-oxidative mechanisms were involved in its bone protective effects. Ninety-six female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups; baseline group (BL), sham-operated (Sham), ovariectomised control (OVXC), ovariectomised (OVX) and given 64.5 μg/kg of Premarin (ERT), ovariectomised and given 20 mg/kg of LP (LP20) and ovariectomised and given 100 mg/kg of LP (LP100). The groups were further subdivided to receive their respective treatments via daily oral gavages for three, six or nine weeks of treatment periods. Following euthanization, the femora were dissected out for bone oxidative measurements which include superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels.
    Matched MeSH terms: Glutathione Peroxidase/metabolism
  4. Fulltext Acute toxicity and the effect of andrographolide on Porphyromonas gingivalis-induced hyperlipidemia in rats
    Al Batran R, Al-Bayaty F, Al-Obaidi MM, Abdulla MA
    Biomed Res Int, 2013;2013:594012.
    PMID: 23844365 DOI: 10.1155/2013/594012
    The aim of the current study is to evaluate the effect of andrographolide on hyperlipidemia induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis in rats. Thirty male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were divided into five groups as follows: group 1 (vehicle) and four experimental groups (groups 2, 3, 4, and 5) were challenged orally with P. gingivalis ATCC 33277 (0.2 mL of 1.5 ×10(12) bacterial cells/mL in 2% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)) five times a week for one month to induce hyperlipidemia. Then, group 3 received a standard oral treatment with simvastatin 100 mg/kg, and groups 4 and 5 received oral treatment with andrographolide 20 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg, respectively, for another month. The results showed that total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), and triglycerides (TG) were reduced significantly in groups treated with andrographolide. The malondialdehyde (MDA) level was low in treated groups, while antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were significantly increased in these groups (P < 0.05). Liver tissues of the groups treated with andrographolide reduce the accumulation of lipid droplets in hepatic tissue cells. An acute toxicity test did not show any toxicological symptoms in rats.
    Matched MeSH terms: Glutathione Peroxidase/metabolism
  5. Antioxidant activity of white rice, brown rice and germinated brown rice (in vivo and in vitro) and the effects on lipid peroxidation and liver enzymes in hyperlipidaemic rabbits
    Mohd Esa N, Abdul Kadir KK, Amom Z, Azlan A
    Food Chem, 2013 Nov 15;141(2):1306-12.
    PMID: 23790918 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.03.086
    Antioxidant activity of different rice extract and the effect on the levels of antioxidant enzyme activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), vitamin E, lipid peroxidation and liver enzymes in hyperlipidaemia rabbits were investigated. Germinated brown rice (GBR) has the highest antioxidant activity compared to white rice (WR) and brown rice (BR). All rice grains increased the activity of SOD and GPx. However, vitamin E levels increased only in the groups that received the BR and GBR diets. The reduction of lipid peroxidation levels and activity of hepatic enzymes (alanine transferase, ALT and aspartate transaminase, AST) were only significantly observed in the GBR group. In conclusion, GBR supplementation has the greatest impact on increasing antioxidant enzyme activity and vitamin E level and on reducing lipid peroxidation in hypercholesterolaemia rabbit, thereby preventing the formation of atherosclerotic plaques. Furthermore, GBR diet can also reduce the level of hepatic enzymes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Glutathione Peroxidase/metabolism
  6. Fulltext Soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-product (sRAGE)/pentosidine ratio: a potential risk factor determinant for type 2 diabetic retinopathy
    Ng ZX, Chua KH, Iqbal T, Kuppusamy UR
    Int J Mol Sci, 2013;14(4):7480-91.
    PMID: 23552832 DOI: 10.3390/ijms14047480
    This study aims to investigate potential diabetic retinopathy (DR) risk factors by evaluating the circulating levels of pentosidine, soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-product (sRAGE), advanced oxidation protein product (AOPP) as well as glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities in DR patients. A total of 235 healthy controls, 171 type 2 diabetic without retinopathy (DNR) and 200 diabetic retinopathy (DR) patients were recruited. Plasma was extracted for the estimation of pentosidine, sRAGE, AOPP levels and GPx activity whereas peripheral blood mononuclear cells were disrupted for SOD activity measurement. DNR and DR patients showed significantly higher levels of plasma pentosidine, sRAGE and AOPP but lower GPx and SOD activities when compared to healthy controls. The sRAGE/pentosidine ratio in DR patients was significantly lower than the ratio detected in DNR patients. Proliferative DR patients had significantly higher levels of plasma pentosidine, sRAGE, AOPP and sRAGE/pentosidine ratio than non-proliferative DR patients. High HbA1c level, long duration of diabetes and low sRAGE/pentosidine ratio were determined as the risk factors for DR. This study suggests that sRAGE/pentosidine ratio could serve as a risk factor determinant for type 2 DR as it has a positive correlation with the severity of DR.
    Matched MeSH terms: Glutathione Peroxidase/blood
  7. Fulltext Gelam honey has a protective effect against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced organ failure
    Kassim M, Mansor M, Al-Abd N, Yusoff KM
    Int J Mol Sci, 2012;13(5):6370-81.
    PMID: 22754370 DOI: 10.3390/ijms13056370
    Gelam honey exerts anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities and is thought to have potent effects in reducing infections and healing wounds. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of intravenously-injected Gelam honey in protecting organs from lethal doses of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Six groups of rabbits (N = 6) were used in this study. Two groups acted as controls and received only saline and no LPS injections. For the test groups, 1 mL honey (500 mg/kg in saline) was intravenously injected into two groups (treated), while saline (1 mL) was injected into the other two groups (untreated); after 1 h, all four test groups were intravenously-injected with LPS (0.5 mg/kg). Eight hours after the LPS injection, blood and organs were collected from three groups (one from each treatment stream) and blood parameters were measured and biochemical tests, histopathology, and myeloperoxidase assessment were performed. For survival rate tests, rabbits from the remaining three groups were monitored over a 2-week period. Treatment with honey showed protective effects on organs through the improvement of organ blood parameters, reduced infiltration of neutrophils, and decreased myeloperoxidase activity. Honey-treated rabbits also showed reduced mortality after LPS injection compared with untreated rabbits. Honey may have a therapeutic effect in protecting organs during inflammatory diseases.
    Matched MeSH terms: Peroxidase/metabolism
  8. Fulltext Protective effect of pulp oil extracted from Canarium odontophyllum Miq. Fruit on blood lipids, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant status in healthy rabbits
    Shakirin FH, Azlan A, Ismail A, Amom Z, Yuon LC
    Oxid Med Cell Longev, 2012;2012:840973.
    PMID: 22685623 DOI: 10.1155/2012/840973
    The aim of this paper was to compare the effects of pulp and kernel oils of Canarium odontophyllum Miq. (CO) on lipid profile, lipid peroxidation, and oxidative stress of healthy rabbits. The oils are rich in SFAs and MUFAs (mainly palmitic and oleic acids). The pulp oil is rich in polyphenols. Male New Zealand white (NZW) rabbits were fed for 4 weeks on a normal diet containing pulp (NP) or kernel oil (NK) of CO while corn oil was used as control (NC). Total cholesterol (TC), HDL-C, LDL-c and triglycerides (TG) levels were measured in this paper. Antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidise), thiobarbiturate reactive substances (TBARSs), and plasma total antioxidant status (TAS) were also evaluated. Supplementation of CO pulp oil resulted in favorable changes in blood lipid and lipid peroxidation (increased HDL-C, reduced LDL-C, TG, TBARS levels) with enhancement of SOD, GPx, and plasma TAS levels. Meanwhile, supplementation of kernel oil caused lowering of plasma TC and LDL-C as well as enhancement of SOD and TAS levels. These changes showed that oils of CO could be beneficial in improving lipid profile and antioxidant status as when using part of normal diet. The oils can be used as alternative to present vegetable oil.
    Matched MeSH terms: Glutathione Peroxidase/metabolism
  9. Chelation therapy with desferrioxamine does not normalize ferritin level but attenuates oxidative damage and improves total antioxidant level in Malaysian Chinese beta-thalassaemia major patients
    Kuppusamy UR, Tan JA
    West Indian Med J, 2011 Jan;60(1):3-8.
    PMID: 21809703
    Beta-thalassaemia major causes severe anaemia and patients with it may be transfusion-dependent for life. Regular blood transfusions cause iron-overload that leads to oxidative damage which can hasten mortality. The objective of this research was to study the oxidant-antioxidant indices in beta-thalassaemia major patients at the University of Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC) who were on desferrioxamine-chelation or without chelation therapy. Blood was collected from 39 Chinese patients and 20 controls. Plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cell lysates (PBMC) were extracted and biochemical tests to evaluate oxidative stress were performed. Oxidative stress was evident in these patients as advanced oxidized protein products (AOPP) and lipid hydroperoxides were elevated, whereas glutathione peroxidase activity and the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were reduced. The catalase activity in the patients' PBMC was elevated, possibly as a compensatory mechanism for the reduced glutathione peroxidase activity in both red blood cells and PBMC. The lower FRAP and higher AOPP levels in the non-chelated patients compared with the chelated patients were indicative of a lower oxidative stress level in the chelated patients. The ferritin levels in the chelated and non-chelated patients were high and the mean levels of liver enzyme activities in the majority of patients were elevated regardless of chelation therapy. In conclusion, this study indicates that desferrioxamine chelation therapy does not normalize ferritin level but attenuates oxidative damage and improves total antioxidant level in Malaysian Chinese beta-thalassaemia major patients.
    Matched MeSH terms: Glutathione Peroxidase/blood
  10. Thyroid autoantibodies and associated complications during pregnancy
    Nor Azlin MI, Bakin YD, Mustafa N, Wahab NA, Johari MJ, Kamarudin NA, et al.
    J Obstet Gynaecol, 2010;30(7):675-8.
    PMID: 20925608 DOI: 10.3109/01443615.2010.503908
    This study was undertaken to determine the presence of thyroid autoantibodies and associated pregnancy complications from 49 pregnant women with thyroid disease. There were 31 (63%) women with Graves' disease (GD) and 18 (37%) with primary hypothyroidism (PHT). A total of 26 (53.1%) women, 19 (61%) with GD and seven (39%) with PHT, had positive antibodies. Six had thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPO), one with thyroglobulin antibody (TG) and eight had TSH receptor antibodies (TR). Two had a mixture of antibodies involving TG/TPO (one GD vs one PHT), four with TG/TPO/TR (all had GD) and five with TPO/TR (four with GD vs one with PHT). There were associations in women with positive thyroid antibodies and pre-eclampsia (15.4%), abruptio placenta (4%), caesarean deliveries (31%), postpartum thyroiditis (19.2%) and abnormal neonatal thyroid function (15.4%). Women with positive thyroid antibodies in pregnancy need close care during and after pregnancy, as they can develop complications affecting both mother and fetus.
    Matched MeSH terms: Iodide Peroxidase/immunology
  11. Hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects of honey supplementation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
    Erejuwa OO, Omotayo EO, Gurtu S, Sulaiman SA, Ab Wahab MS, Sirajudeen KN, et al.
    Int J Vitam Nutr Res, 2010 Jan;80(1):74-82.
    PMID: 20533247 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000008
    Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the development of diabetic complications. The aims of this study were to investigate whether honey could reduce hyperglycemia and ameliorate oxidative stress in kidneys of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
    Matched MeSH terms: Glutathione Peroxidase/metabolism
  12. Flavonoid quercetin protects against swimming stress-induced changes in oxidative biomarkers in the hypothalamus of rats
    Haleagrahara N, Radhakrishnan A, Lee N, Kumar P
    Eur J Pharmacol, 2009 Oct 25;621(1-3):46-52.
    PMID: 19744476 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2009.08.030
    Quercetin is a bioflavonoid abundant in onions, apples, tea and red wine and one of the most studied flavonoids. Dietary quercetin intake is suggested to be health promoting, but this assumption is mainly based on mechanistic studies performed in vitro. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of quercetin on stress-induced changes in oxidative biomarkers in the hypothalamus of rats. Adult male Sprague Dawley rats were subjected to forced swimming stress for 45 min daily for 14 days. Effect of quercetin at three different doses (10, 20 and 30 mg/kg body weight) on serum corticosterone and oxidative biomarkers (lipid hydroperoxides, antioxidant enzymes and total antioxidants) was estimated. Swimming stress significantly increased the serum corticosterone and lipid hydroperoxide levels. A significant decrease in total antioxidant levels and super oxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase levels was seen in the hypothalamus after stress and treatment with quercetin significantly increased these oxidative parameters and there was a significant decrease in lipid hydroperoxide levels. These data demonstrate that forced swimming stress produced a severe oxidative damage in the hypothalamus and treatment with quercetin markedly attenuated these stress-induced changes. Antioxidant action of quercetin may be beneficial for the prevention and treatment of stress-induced oxidative damage in the brain.
    Matched MeSH terms: Glutathione Peroxidase/metabolism
  13. Fulltext Palm tocotrienol exerted better antioxidant activities in bone than alpha-tocopherol
    Maniam S, Mohamed N, Shuid AN, Soelaiman IN
    Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol, 2008 Jul;103(1):55-60.
    PMID: 18598299 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-7843.2008.00241.x
    The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of vitamin E on the levels of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in rat bones. Fifty-six normal male Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 3 months, were randomly divided into seven groups with eight rats in each group. The age-matched control group was given the vehicle olive oil, by oral gavage daily. Six of the treatment groups received either palm tocotrienol or pure alpha-tocopherol at the dose of 30, 60 or 100 mg/kg body weight, by oral gavage daily, 6 days a week for 4 months. Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS) that is an index to measure the level of lipid peroxidation and the antioxidant enzymes, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase levels were measured in the femur at the end of the study. Palm tocotrienol at the dose of 100 mg/kg body weight significantly reduced the TBARS level in the femur with a significant increase in glutathione peroxidase activity compared to the age-matched control group. These were not observed in the alpha-tocopherol groups. Palm tocotrienol was more effective than pure alpha-tocopherol acetate in suppressing lipid peroxidation in bone. Palm tocotrienol showed better protective effect against free radical damage in the femur compared to alpha-tocopherol. This study suggests that palm tocotrienol plays an important role in preventing imbalance in bone metabolism due to free radicals.
    Matched MeSH terms: Glutathione Peroxidase/metabolism
  14. Enzyme-linked amperometric electrochemical genosensor assay for the detection of PCR amplicons on a streptavidin-treated screen-printed carbon electrode
    Yean CY, Kamarudin B, Ozkan DA, Yin LS, Lalitha P, Ismail A, et al.
    Anal Chem, 2008 Apr 15;80(8):2774-9.
    PMID: 18311943 DOI: 10.1021/ac702333x
    A general purpose enzyme-based amperometric electrochemical genosensor assay was developed wherein polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplicons labeled with both biotin and fluorescein were detected with peroxidase-conjugated antifluorescein antibody on a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE). As a proof of principle, the response selectivity of the genosensor was evaluated using PCR amplicons derived from lolB gene of Vibrio cholerae. Factors affecting immobilization, hybridization, and nonspecific binding were optimized to maximize sensitivity and reduce assay time. On the basis of the background amperometry signals obtained from nonspecific organisms and positive signals obtained from known V. cholerae, a threshold point of 4.20 microA signal was determined as positive. Under the optimum conditions, the limit of detection (LOD) of the assay was 10 CFU/mL of V. cholerae. The overall precision of this assay was good, with the coefficient of variation (CV) being 3.7% using SPCE and intermittent pulse amperometry (IPA) as an electrochemical technique. The assay is sensitive, safe, and cost-effective when compared to conventional agarose gel electrophoresis, real-time PCR, and other enzyme-linked assays for the detection of PCR amplicons. Furthermore, the use of a hand-held portable reader makes it suitable for use in the field.
    Matched MeSH terms: Horseradish Peroxidase/chemistry
  15. Stacked films immobilization of MBTH in nafion/sol-gel silicate and horseradish peroxidase in chitosan for the determination of phenolic compounds
    Abdullah J, Ahmad M, Heng LY, Karuppiah N, Sidek H
    Anal Bioanal Chem, 2006 Nov;386(5):1285-92.
    PMID: 17031625
    The stacked-film immobilization of 3-methyl-2-benzothiazolinone hydrazone (MBTH) in hybrid nafion/sol-gel silicate film and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) in chitosan, performed in order to allow the determination of phenolic compounds, was investigated via an optical method. The stacked films were deposited onto a microscope glass slide by a spin-coating technique. The quinone or free radical product formed by the enzymatic reactions of phenolic compounds interacts with MBTH to form azo-dye products, which can be measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 500 nm. The color intensity of the product was found to increase in proportion to the phenolic concentration after 5 min of exposure. The response of the biosensor was linear over concentration ranges of 0.025-0.500, 0.010-0.070 and 0.050-0.300 mM for guaiacol, resorcinol and o-cresol, respectively, and gave detection limits of 0.010, 0.005 and 0.012 mM. The sensor exhibited good sensitivity and stability for at least two months.
    Matched MeSH terms: Horseradish Peroxidase/chemistry*
  16. Fulltext Effects of α-tocopherol on the early phase of osteoporotic fracture healing
    Shuid AN, Mohamad S, Muhammad N, Fadzilah FM, Mokhtar SA, Mohamed N, et al.
    J Orthop Res, 2011 Nov;29(11):1732-8.
    PMID: 21547940 DOI: 10.1002/jor.21452
    Fracture healing is a complex process, which is more complicated if the bone is osteoporotic. One of the vitamin E isomers, α-tocopherol, has been found to prevent osteoporosis and improve bone fracture healing but its role in the healing of osteoporotic fractures is still unclear. We carried out a study on the effects of α-tocopherol supplementation on osteoporotic fracture healing using an ovariectomized rat model, whereby we focused on the early phase of fracture healing, that is, the phase with excessive production of free radicals. Twenty-four female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups: sham-operated (SO), ovariectomized-control (OVC), and ovariectomized + α-tocopherol supplementation (ATF) groups. The right femora of all the rats were fractured at mid-diaphysis and K-wires were inserted for internal fixation. After 2 weeks of treatment, the rats were euthanized and the femora were dissected out for measurement of callous volume by CT-scan and radiological staging of callous formation and fracture healing. The oxidative parameters of the fractured femora were also measured. The results showed that the callous volume and callous staging were not different between the groups. However, the fracture healing stage of the OVC group was lower than the SO group, while α-tocopherol supplementation in the ATF group had improved the healing until it was comparable to the SO group. The activities of the anti-oxidatant enzymes, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase in the ATF group were found to be significantly higher than in the OVC group. In conclusion, α-tocopherol improved fracture healing but had no effect on the callous volume and staging. The improvement in fracture healing may be due to the increased activities of the anti-oxidatant enzymes in the bone during the early phase of fracture healing of osteoporotic bone.
    Matched MeSH terms: Glutathione Peroxidase/metabolism
  17. Effects of antenatal, postpartum and post-weaning melatonin supplementation on blood pressure and renal antioxidant enzyme activities in spontaneously hypertensive rats
    Lee SK, Sirajudeen KN, Sundaram A, Zakaria R, Singh HJ
    J Physiol Biochem, 2011 Jun;67(2):249-57.
    PMID: 21210316 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-010-0070-2
    Although melatonin lowers blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), its effect following antenatal and postpartum supplementation on the subsequent development of hypertension in SHR pups remains unknown. To investigate this, SHR dams were given melatonin in drinking water (10 mg/kg body weight/day) from day 1 of pregnancy until day 21 postpartum. After weaning, a group of male pups continued to receive melatonin till the age of 16 weeks (Mel-SHR), while no further melatonin was given to another group of male pups (Maternal-Mel-SHR). Controls received plain drinking water. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured at 4, 6, 8, 12 and 16 weeks of age, after which the kidneys were collected for analysis of antioxidant enzyme profiles. SBP was significantly lower till the age of 8 weeks in Maternal-Mel-SHR and Mel-SHR than that in the controls, after which no significant difference was evident in SBP between the controls and Maternal-Mel-SHR. SBP in Mel-SHR was lower than that in controls and Maternal-Mel-SHR at 12 and 16 weeks of age. Renal glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione s-transferase (GST) activities, levels of total glutathione and relative GPx-1 protein were significantly higher in Mel-SHR. GPx protein was however significantly higher in Mel-SHR. No significant differences were evident between the three groups in the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione reductase. In conclusion, it appears that while antenatal and postpartum melatonin supplementation decreases the rate of rise in blood pressure in SHR offspring, it however does not alter the tendency of offspring of SHR to develop hypertension.
    Matched MeSH terms: Glutathione Peroxidase/metabolism
  18. Zerumbone from Zingiber zerumbet inhibits innate and adaptive immune responses in Balb/C mice
    Jantan I, Haque MA, Ilangkovan M, Arshad L
    Int Immunopharmacol, 2019 Aug;73:552-559.
    PMID: 31177081 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.05.035
    Zerumbone exhibited various biological properties including in vitro immunosuppressive effects. However, its modulatory activity on the immune responses in experimental animal model is largely unknown. This investigation was conducted to explore the effects of daily treatment of zerumbone (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) isolated from Zingiber zerumbet rhizomes for 14 days on various cellular and humoral immune responses in Balb/C mice. For measurement of adaptive immunity, sheep red blood cells (sRBC) were used to immunize the mice on day 0 and orally fed with similar doses of zerumbone for 14 days. The effects of zerumbone on phagocytosis, nitric oxide (NO) release, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, proliferation of T and B cells, lymphocyte phenotyping, cytokines release in serum by activated T cells, delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) and immunoglobulins production (IgG and IgM) were investigated. Zerumbone downregulated the engulfment of E. coli by peritoneal macrophages and the release of NO and MPO in a concentration-dependent manner. Zerumbone showed significant and concentration-dependent suppression of T and B lymphocytes proliferation and inhibition of the Th1 and Th2 cytokines release. At higher concentrations of zerumbone, the % expression of CD4+ and CD8+ in splenocytes was significantly inhibited. Zerumbone also concentration-dependently demonstrated strong suppression on sRBC-triggered swelling of mice paw in DTH. Substantial suppression of anti-sRBC immunoglobulins antibody titer was noted in immunized and zerumbone-treated mice in a concentration-dependent manner. The potent suppressive effects of zerumbone on the immune responses suggest that zerumbone can be a potential candidate for development of immunosuppressive agent.
    Matched MeSH terms: Peroxidase/metabolism
  19. Native κ-carrageenan induced-colitis is related to host intestinal microecology
    Mi Y, Chin YX, Cao WX, Chang YG, Lim PE, Xue CH, et al.
    Int J Biol Macromol, 2020 Mar 15;147:284-294.
    PMID: 31926226 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.01.072
    Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, has gradually emerged as a public health challenge worldwide. Carrageenan is a popular food additive that has been in use for decades. However, controversy exists regarding to the safety of carrageenan due to its exacerbation of colitis in experimental models. In this study, we studied the effects of vehicle and host intestinal microflora on carrageenan inflammatory properties in C57BL/6 J mice. We found that in high-fat diet model, native carrageenan in drinking water increased the disease activity index (DAI), myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and the mRNA expression of TLR4 in colon, whereas carrageenan-supplemented diet has no visible effects. However, no signs of colitis were observed under low-fat diet regardless of the mode of vehicle used. Moreover, we discovered that carrageenan-induced colitis in high-fat diet model was robustly correlated with changes in the composition of gut microbiota, specifically Alistipes finegoldii and Bacteroides acidifaciens. Hence, we propose that the inflammatory property of carrageenan is influenced greatly by its intake form via modification of host intestinal microecology.
    Matched MeSH terms: Peroxidase/metabolism
  20. Evaluating the Protective Effects and Mechanisms of Diallyl Disulfide on Interlukin-1β-Induced Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Apoptotic Signaling Pathways in Cultured Chondrocytes
    Hosseinzadeh A, Jafari D, Kamarul T, Bagheri A, Sharifi AM
    J Cell Biochem, 2017 Jul;118(7):1879-1888.
    PMID: 28169456 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25907
    The protective effects and mechanisms of DADS on IL-1β-mediated oxidative stress and mitochondrial apoptosis were investigated in C28I2 human chondrocytes. The effect of various concentrations of DADS (1, 5 10, 25, 50, and 100 μM) on C28I2 cell viability was evaluated in different times (2, 4, 8, 16, and 24 h) to obtain the non-cytotoxic concentrations of drug by MTT-assay. The protective effect of non-toxic concentrations of DADS on experimentally induced oxidative stress and apoptosis by IL-1β in C28I2 was evaluated. The effects of DADS on IL-1β-induced intracellular ROS production and lipid peroxidation were detected and the proteins expression of Nrf2, Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, total and phosphorylated JNK, and P38 MAPKs were analyzed by Western blotting. The mRNA expression of detoxifying phase II/antioxidant enzymes including heme oxygenase-1, NAD(P)H quinine oxidoreductase, glutathione S-transferase-P1, catalase, superoxide dismutase-1, glutathione peroxidase-1, -3, -4 were evaluated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. DADS in 1, 5, 10, and 25 μM concentrations had no cytotoxic effect after 24 h. Pretreatment with DADS remarkably increased Nrf2 nuclear translocation as well as the genes expression of detoxifying phase II/antioxidant enzymes and reduced IL-1β-induced elevation of ROS, lipid peroxidation, Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, caspase-3 activation, and JNK and P38 phosphorylation. DADS could considerably reduce IL-1β-induced oxidative stress and consequent mitochondrial apoptosis, as the major mechanisms of chondrocyte cell death in an experimental model of osteoarthritis. It may be considered as natural product in protecting OA-induced cartilage damage in clinical setting. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 1879-1888, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
    Matched MeSH terms: Glutathione Peroxidase/metabolism
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