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Parental pre-pregnancy BMI influences on offspring BMI and waist circumference at 21 years

Zalbahar N, Najman J, McIntrye HD, Mamun A

Aust N Z J Public Health, 2016 Dec;40(6):572-578.
PMID: 27624991 DOI: 10.1111/1753-6405.12574

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the prospective association between parental pre-pregnancy BMI and adult male and female offspring BMI and waist circumference (WC).
METHODS: Sub-sample of 2,229 parent-offspring pairs with parental pre-pregnancy BMI and offspring BMI and WC at 21 years were used from the MUSP (Mater-University of Queensland Study of Pregnancy cohort). Multivariable results were adjusted for maternal factors around pregnancy (e.g. gestational weight and smoking during pregnancy) and offspring factors in early life (e.g. birth weight) and at 14 years (e.g. sports participation and mealtime with family).
RESULTS: After adjustments for confounders, each unit increase in paternal and maternal BMI, the BMI of young adult offspring increased by 0.33kg/m(2) and 0.35kg/m(2) , and the WC increased by 0.76 cm and 0.62 cm, respectively. In the combination of parents' weight status, offspring at 21 years were six times the risk being overweight/obese (OW/OB) when both parents were OW/OB, compared to offspring of healthy weight parents.
CONCLUSIONS: Prenatal parental BMI are independently related to adult offspring BMI and WC.
IMPLICATIONS: Both prenatal paternal-maternal weight status are important determinants of offspring weight status in long-term. Further studies are warranted to investigate the underlying mechanisms.

Matched MeSH terms: Self Report
Fulltext The association between the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) symptoms and bully/victim problem among malaysian sixth-graders

Wan Ismail WS, Nik Jaafar NR, Mohd Daud TI, Shah SA, Ismail A, Shafiee Z

ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry, 2010;11(1):79-86.
MyJurnal

Objective: School bullying in Malaysia is on the rise. While efforts are put together to combat the problem, the psychiatric aspect has been neglected. This is a cross-sectional study aimed to determine the association between the symptoms of ADHD and bully/victim problems among Malaysian sixthgraders attending primary schools in Kuala Lumpur.
Methods: A total of 410 sixth-graders from seven randomly selected schools were assessed with regards to bully/victim problems and ADHD symptoms using self-reported questionnaires. Malaysian Bullying Questionnaire was used to rate bully/victim problems while ADHD symptoms were assessed using ConnersWells’ Adolescent Self-report Scale (CASS). Teachers and parents also assessed students’ ADHD symptoms using Conner’s Teachers Rating Scale (CTRS) and Conner’s Parents Rating Scale (CPRS), respectively.
Results: Self-reported questionnaires showed that 61.2% of the children were involved in bully/victim problems. The ADHD symptoms were found significant in relation to bully/victim problems as tested by multiple logistic regression. Only students and parents reported significant ADHD symptoms among the bully/victim groups. The ADHD symptoms reported by students were significant among bullies(OR=0.59,CI=0.42-0.83, p

Matched MeSH terms: Self Report
Fulltext The impact of return to work programs on the health status of injured workers with-related musculoskeletal disorders: a Malaysian study

Murad MS, Farnworth L, O’Brien L, Chien CW

Journal of Occupational Safety and Health, 2012;9(1):3-44.
MyJurnal

Introduction: This study explores the health status of injured workers in return to work (RTW) programs based on their ability and capacity. Injured workers were diagnosed with work-related musculoskeletal disorders. The findings will help not only the service provider plan a specific strategy but also allow stakeholders to review their role in the RTW program.

Methods: 102 participants were chosen from a national RTW program, and categorized into three groups based on different phases of the RTW program: off-work (n=30, 29.4%), work re-entry (n=44, 43.1%) and maintenance (n=28, 27.5%). Self-report questionnaires identified demographic data, health surveillance via SF-36 and perceived physical and psychological workload by 10-point numerical scales. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Kruskal-Wallis Test was employed to examine the differences in three phases of the RTW program. Paired t-test analyzed the differences of related samples of physical and psychological workload before and after injuries.

Results: The domains of health status are below the average compared to the norm-based population. Mental health component summary is better than physical health. At the domain level, there are significant differences among injured workers, specifically in the three RTW program phases. The SF-36 domains are: role-physical, vitality, bodily-pain, general health, and mental health (p ! 0.049). In contrast, non-significant differences were found in physical and social functioning, and role of emotion status. Moreover, their self-perceived physical and psychological work-load significantly worsened after injuries (p ! 0.020).

Conclusions: The case manager-coordinated RTW program provided further opportunities to improve injured workers’ health status when looking at their differences for different phases of RTW. Other health professionals like occupational therapists, ergonomists and psychologists should become involved in the RTW program. Specific guidelines and regulations have to be implemented to ensure full participation with all parties in the workplace.

Matched MeSH terms: Self Report
Fulltext Association between functional dentition with inadequate calorie intake and underweight in elderly people living in “Pondok” in Kelantan

Seman, K., Abdul Manaf, H., Ismail, A.R.

Archives of Orofacial Sciences, 2007;2(1):10-19.
MyJurnal

This study was to investigate the association between functional dentition with inadequate calorie intake and underweight in elderly people living in “Pondok” in Kelantan. A cross-sectional study participated by 369 elderly people was carried out. A simple random sampling method was utilized for the selection of the subjects. Subjects were interviewed using a structured form to collect information about subjects’ demographic background and self-reported health status. The 24-hour recall method was used to provide information on the subject’s exact food intake during the previous 24 hours. Body mass index was calculated from subjects’ weight and height, followed by oral assessment. The “Nutrical Software” was used for nutrient calculation, followed by SPSS version 11.5 for data analysis. The response rate was 95.6%. Majority of the respondents were female (92.4%). The percentage of subjects who had inadequate calorie intake and underweight was 71.0% and 25.7% respectively. The percentage of edentulism was 81.0%. The proportion of elderly with compromised functional dentition was 48.2% and majority was edentate elderly without wearing any complete dentures or wearing defective dentures, 23.6% and 56.2% respectively, while 20.2% was dentate elderly. The odds of having inadequate calorie intake and getting underweight among elderly with a compromised functional dentition was 3.7 times and 42.0 times respectively, compared to elderly with a non-compromised functional dentition. There was a significant association between inadequate calorie intake and underweight with functional dentition among elderly living in “Pondok” in Kelantan.

Matched MeSH terms: Self Report
Fulltext Psychological and physical impact of the haze amongst a Malaysian community

Teoh, Hsien-Jin, Tan, Kai Ling

Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia, 2008;6(2):23-34.
MyJurnal

A total of 306 Malaysian university students and staff were surveyed to ascertain the physical and emotional effects of the polluted haze on them. All subjects completed self-reported questionnaires. Analysis of the results indicated that the majority of subjects reduced their outdoor activities and sports, and also reported an increase in emotional and physical health problems. The results indicated that there was a general increase in emotional problems such as feeling depressed, lacking in energy, not feeling like doing anything, feeling anxious and afraid, difficulty sleeping, feeling agitated and irritable, and having no appetite. There was also an increase in physical symptoms such as itchy or red eyes, itchy or running nose, dry throat/cough, headaches, nausea, and fever. This study indicated that emotional and behavioural problems are just as common during the haze, when compared with physical health problems. The study also suggests that there are a broad range of problems which health care and human resource departments need to be aware of and take precautions to minimize during a haze.

Matched MeSH terms: Self Report
Fulltext A Survey Of Urban Child And Adolescent Mental Health Problems In An Urban Malaysian Population

Teoh, H.J.

Malaysian Journal of Psychiatry, 2010;19(1):1-13.
MyJurnal

Abstract: A total of 307 Malaysian children and their parents were surveyed to ascertain the prevalence of mental health problems amongst urban primary and secondary school children. The results indicated that secondary school children report slightly higher rates of depressive symptoms, whereas primary school children report higher rates of social problems. There was also a discrepancy between child and parents reports of children’s emotions and behaviours. Children’s self-reports of aggressive behaviours where higher than their parents’ reports. Alternatively, parents reported lower levels of their childrens’ emotional problems, as compared with the childrens’ self-report. When gender was taken into consideration, females were reported to be more aggressive, withdrawn, and have more attention problems when compared with males.

Matched MeSH terms: Self Report
Fulltext Effects of a DVD-delivered mindfulness-based intervention for stress reduction in medical students: a randomized controlled study

Phang, Cheng Kar, Firdaus Mukhtar, Normala Ibrahim, Keng, Shian-Ling, Sherina Mohd Sidik

Education in Medicine Journal, 2015;7(3):8-20.
MyJurnal

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a DVDdelivered mindfulness-based intervention for reducing stress among medical students in a Malaysian university. Methods: A total of 76 medical students participated in the intervention program (Mindful-Gym DVD). They were stratified according to year of studies and randomly allocated to intervention (N = 38) and control groups (N = 38). The following outcome variables were measured at pre- and post-intervention: mindfulness (with Mindful Attention Awareness Scale, MAAS); perceived stress (with Perceived Stress Scale, PSS); mental distress (with Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale, DASS); and self-efficacy (with General Selfefficacy Scale, GSE). Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were used to analyse the effect of group (Intervention vs. Control) on changes in the outcome variables. Results: One week after the intervention, participants in the intervention group reported significantly greater improvements with small to medium effect sizes in self-reported levels of mindfulness (β =0.19, ∆R2= 0.04, p = 0.028, f2= 0.07), perceived stress (β = -0.25, ∆R2=0.06, p = 0.006, f2= 0.11), mental distress (β = -0.27, ∆R2= 0.07, p =0.003, f2= 0.13), and self-efficacy (β = 0.27, ∆R2= 0.07, p = 0.003, f2= 0.13), compared to participants in the control group. The number needed to treat (NNT) to achieve ‘normal’ levels of depressive, anxiety, and stress symptoms (as indicated by the DASS scores) were 5, 8, and 6 respectively. Conclusions: This study found that the DVD-delivered mindfulness-based program is potentially a labour- and cost-effective and easily accessible stress reduction program for medical students.

Matched MeSH terms: Self Report
Fulltext Relationship of Depressive Symptoms to Hypertension in a Household Survey

Lam, H.H., Ng, E.K., Ooi, A.L., Ooi, P.Y., Sellymiah, A., Siti Fareeda, A., et al.

Malaysian Journal of Psychiatry, 2011;20(1):1-12.
MyJurnal

Objectives: To study relationship of depressive symptoms to hypertension. Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out on respondents from Kampung Awal. Hypertension was defined as self-reported or by measurement using a mercury sphymomanometer and depressive symptoms were evaluated by CES-D scale. Results: A total 103 respondents were studied. The male:female ratio was 1:1.5 with mean age of 41.8 years. Majority had formal education up to secondary school. 45% were government servant and over 95% subjects had income of RM1000 or less per each family member per month. 21.4% (n=22) self-reported to have hypertension and 7.8%(n=91) met the criteria for incident hypertension. 7.8% met the criteria for both. Mean score based on CES-D was 13.08. 32.0% subjects had depression. 54 subjects reported never experienced any strain for past 6 months and 24 reported to have 2 or more .61 subjects were overweight with mean value of BMI=26.19 kg/m2. Self-reported hypertension and incident hypertension were strongly associated with age but only selfreported hypertension was strongly associated with overweight. However, there was no significant association between hypertension with chronic strains and depressive symptoms. Conclusions: Depressive symptomatology was not associated with hypertension in this survey. Women had a significant risk in having depressive symptoms. Age =45 years & overweight were significant risks for hypertension. A prospective study will be more useful in the future to find out the association between depression and hypertension.

Matched MeSH terms: Self Report
Fulltext A study on level of mother involvement, the influencing factors and its relationship between the glycemic control in managing children with type I diabetes mellitus at tertiary health care centre in Selangor

ldanerina, M.S., Aniza, I., Jamsiah, M., Mohd. Hasni, J., Idayu, B.

Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2007;7(2):29-34.
MyJurnal

Diabetes mellitus is the most common endocrine defect among children. Good diabetes management is important to give better health for both the children and the whole family. The goal of this study was to identify the level of mother involvement in children type·1 Diabetes Mellitus management, to identify factors related with mother involvement and to determine the relationships between mother
involvement and glycemic control. A cross·sectional study was carried out with 92 respondents selected by universal sampling from mothers who had diabetic children aged 5-15 years old and from medical visit appointment at University Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC) and Putrajaya Hospital (HP1). Data was obtained through medical record and self reporting questionnaire. The study shown that 58.6% mothers had high involvement and 41.4% mothers had low involvement. Mothers' education level had a significant (p=0.0Z) relationship with a level of mother involvement. Most mothers gave high involvement in diet management (64.1%) and blood glucose monitoring (52. 7%), however most mothers gave low involvement in exercise management (63.0%) and insulin injection (60.9%). Mothers involvement in four management tasks were not statistically significant (p>0,05) with glycemic control. Mothers involvement in children diabetic management was high. There was high mother involvement in children's insulin injection and dietary intake and low mother involvement in children`s blood glucose monitoring and exercise, This study abo showed that there was no significant relationship between level of mother involvement and glycemic control.

Matched MeSH terms: Self Report
Fulltext Emotional exhaustion is associated with work related stressors: a cross-sectional multicenter study in Malaysian public hospitals

Khoo EJ, Aldubai S, Ganasegeran K, Lee BX, Zakaria NA, Tan KK

Arch Argent Pediatr, 2017 06 01;115(3):212-219.
PMID: 28504485 DOI: 10.5546/aap.2017.eng.212

INTRODUCTION: Emotional exhaustion is an important component of burnout. Burnout is common among doctors. It affects the physical and mental health of doctors, their performance and the quality of care they provide. This study aimed to investigate the level and factors associated with emotional exhaustion among doctors in pediatric practice in Malaysia.
POPULATION AND METHODS: A self-administered questionnaire was used in this multicenter cross-sectional study. It included questions on the socio-demographics, work characteristics, Emotional Exhaustion, Perceived Stress Scale and sources of job stress. Descriptive, univariate and multivariate analysis were conducted using the SPSS software.
RESULTS: A total of 197 doctors working in the Pediatric department in eight hospitals returned complete questionnaire. High and moderate emotional exhaustion was reported by 25.4% and 24.4% doctors, respectively. In bivariate analysis, 29 out of the 38 items of sources of stress showed significant association with emotional exhaustion (p <0.05).The significant predictors of emotional exhaustion in the multivariate analysis were: scoring higher on the Perceived Stress Score, dealing with patient's psychosocial problems, disrespectful interactions with colleagues/ subordinates, lack of appreciation from supervisors, lack of incentives and promotions, time pressures and deadlines to meet, and setting unrealistic goals of having them imposed on oneself (p <0.05). The most common source of stress was dealing with difficult parents (80.2%).
CONCLUSIONS: Emotional exhaustion is associated with sources of stress in the workplace but not with socio-demographic factors.

Matched MeSH terms: Self Report
Fulltext Burnout among nurses in clinical training centre, Selangor

Sham F, Abdul Wahab SM, Orwah NA, Ab Rahim AR, Kamarul Aizan NA

The Malaysian Journal of Nursing, 2017;9(2):71-77.
MyJurnal

Burnout can be conceptualized in three different aspects consisting of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and reduced personal accomplishment. It can lead to increment of the turnover rate, absenteeism and low organizational commitment. Stress and job dissatisfaction will lead to psychological distress and burnout. Nurses are one in the health care profession that is susceptible to burnout because they are dealing with patient management and service care delivery. The aim of this study is to determine whether nurses working in Clinical Training Centre (CTC), Faculty of Medicine, University Teknologi MARA (UiTM) are experiencing burnout. A descriptive study design with convenient sampling technique using self-reported questionnaires adapted from Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) was conducted involving 120 of nurses in CTC. High levels of burnout were identified in 83.3% of the respondent in the area of depersonalization and 42.5% of the respondent in the area of reduced personal achievement. Marital status was significantly associated with emotional exhaustion (p

Matched MeSH terms: Self Report
Should psychosocial safety climate theory be extended to include climate strength?

Afsharian A, Zadow A, Dollard MF, Dormann C, Ziaian T

J Occup Health Psychol, 2018 Oct;23(4):496-507.
PMID: 28857596 DOI: 10.1037/ocp0000101

Psychosocial safety climate (PSC; climate for psychological health) is an organizational antecedent to work conditions articulated in the job demands-resources model. We responded to calls for broader consideration of organizational climate in terms of both climate level and strength. We tested PSC level and strength as main and interactive predictors of work conditions, psychological health, and engagement. Using multilevel analysis and cross-sectional data, the effects of unit-level PSC constructs were investigated in 21 hospital work units (n = 249 employees) in Australia. The correlation between PSC levels (measured at the unit mean) and PSC strength (measured as unit -1 × SD) was moderate and positive, suggesting that ceiling effects of PSC scores were not problematic. PSC level was a better predictor than PSC strength or their interactions for job demands (psychological and emotional demands), job resources (e.g., skill discretion and organizational support), and health (emotional exhaustion). For engagement, the interaction was significant-improving engagement, therefore, benefits from high levels of PSC and PSC strength within the work units. So, in answer to the research question regarding PSC theory extension, "it depends on the outcome." Research limitations are acknowledged, and the potential of the PSC model to guide the reduction of workplace psychosocial risk factors and the negative consequences is discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).

Matched MeSH terms: Self Report
2D:4D digit ratio and religiosity in university student and general population samples

Richards G, Davies W, Stewart-Williams S, Bellin W, Reed P

Transpers Psychol Rev, 2018;20(1):23-36.
PMID: 30283240

The ratio of index to ring finger length (2D:4D) is used as a proxy for prenatal sex hormone exposure. It has been hypothesised to correlate with religiosity, though no published research has explored this possibility. Here, we initially examined 2D:4D in relation to self-reported religious affiliation and questionnaire measures of general religiosity, spirituality, religious fundamentalism, and religious commitment in male (N = 106) and female (N = 105) university students (Study 1). Although no significant correlations were observed between 2D:4D and the questionnaire measures, females who affiliated with organised religions had higher digit ratios compared to agnostic or atheist females. Study 2 attempted to replicate these findings in an adult general population sample (N = 172 males, N = 257 females), but did not observe significant effects in either sex. Overall, these findings suggest that high 2D:4D may be relatively-specifically associated with religious affiliation in young, highly-educated, females.

Matched MeSH terms: Self Report
Concurrent And Longitudinal Association Between Glycemic Control And Self Reported Medication Adherence Among Type 2 Diabetes Patients At A Tertiary Care Hospital In Malaysia

Butt M, Ali AM, Bakry MM

Curr Diabetes Rev, 2019;15(5):402-406.
PMID: 30156163 DOI: 10.2174/1573399814666180828152754

BACKGROUND: This study evaluated the association between self-reported adherence with concurrent and subsequent glycemic control amongst type 2 diabetes patients at a tertiary care hospital in Malaysia.
METHODS: Demographic and clinical variables were assessed at baseline, after three and six months in 73 type 2 diabetes patients. Regression analysis, using SPSS, evaluated the concurrent and longitudinal association of medication adherence and glycemic control. Potential confounders of variables were identified using bi-variate correlation analyses.
RESULTS: Concurrent Medication adherence and HbA1c association were significant after adjusting for ethnicity (P = 0.005). For longitudinal observation at 3 months, the association was significant after adjusting for ethnicity (P = 0.016); however, it became non-significant when baseline glycemic control was included in the model (P = 0.28).
CONCLUSION: Easy to administer MALMAS significantly predicted concurrent glycemic control independent of potential confounders. This association persisted in longitudinal observation after 3 months when adjusted for confounders and became non-significant after adjusting for baseline glycemic control.

Matched MeSH terms: Self Report
Fulltext Interpretations of self-rated health in stroke survivors from a semi-rural community in South East Asia

Yap KH, Warren N, Reidpath DD, Allotey P

Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being, 2019 Dec;14(1):1613875.
PMID: 31120385 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2019.1613875

Purpose: Stroke survivors report poorer self-rated health (SRH) compared to the general population but there is limited understanding on what contributes to SRH. This ethnographic study examined the individual and contextual factors that shape stroke survivors' SRH in a rural middle income country situated in South East Asia. Methods: Ethnographic methods which encompasses various data collection methods from different data sources were used in this study to describe the socio-cultural context of 16 stroke survivors living in a rural village. Within this context, the experiences of these participants were then interpreted in terms of what contributed to their perception of health and recovery, juxtaposed with objectively measure physical and cognitive states. Results: SRH reflected the post stroke adjustment of stroke survivors. Better SRH was influenced by good post-stroke adjustment that was achieved by a combination of physical functioning, cognitive functioning, emotional well-being and family support. Poorer SRH appear to reflect poor post-stroke adjustment regardless of the objective physical and cognitive states of the stroke survivors. It was also observed that cognitive deficits, though its presence was acknowledged by participants, were usually not taken into account when rating SRH. However, while physical functioning was perceived by participants to directly impact SRH, the presence of cognitive deficits (often in tandem with depressive symptoms) indirectly complicated the recovery of physical functions treasured by participants. Conclusion: Stroke survivors reporting poorer SRH warrant further attention and intervention from health practitioners supporting the longer-term needs of stroke survivors in similar settings.

Matched MeSH terms: Self Report
Effects of progressive resistance exercises on quality of life, body composition and muscle strength in patients with HIV

Mohamad Shariff A. Hamid, Stella Jane Joseph Rajah

Sains Malaysiana, 2015;44:1473-1479.

This study assessed the effects of progressive resistance exercise programmes on self-reported health related quality of life, body composition and muscle strength among patients with HIV. Twenty-nine men with HIV were randomly assigned to progressive resistance exercise programme using elastic band (PRE group) (n=14) or resistance exercise programme without elastic band (comparative group) (n=15). Both groups underwent exercise programmes for 12 weeks. Selfreported health related quality of life, body compositions and isometric shoulder lift strength were assessed at baseline and at week 12. Ten and nine men in the intervention and comparative groups, respectively, completed the 12-week programme. Participants in the comparative group showed significant improvements in the domain of mental health (p<0.05). No significant changes in all body composition parameters were found in both groups with time. Both groups showed significant improvements in peak and average shoulder lift strength (intervention, p=0.001; p=0.001; control, p=0.008; p=0.016). Progressive resistance exercise programmes significantly improves shoulder lift strength, showed positive effects on self-reported health related quality of life scores among patients with HIV.

Matched MeSH terms: Self Report
Fulltext Health-related quality of life among children with transfusion-dependent thalassemia: A cross-sectional study in Malaysia

Shafie AA, Chhabra IK, Wong JHY, Mohammed NS, Ibrahim HM, Alias H

Health Qual Life Outcomes, 2020 May 14;18(1):141.
PMID: 32408899 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-020-01381-5

BACKGROUND: The treatment of children with transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT) in Malaysia has progressed since 2005. This study provides an updated health-related quality of life (HRQoL) assessment for children with the disorder and the factors affecting the HRQoL.
METHODS: A cross-sectional HRQoL survey of Malaysian children with TDT was conducted using the PedsQL™ 4.0 Generic Core Scales. Patients with non-transfusion dependent thalassemia and other haemoglobinopathies were excluded. Parent-proxy and self-reported HRQoL scores were obtained using a multi-stage convenient sampling. The relationship between HRQoL scores and demographic factors were tested using association, correlation and regression analysis.
RESULTS: A total of 368 patients were recruited. The mean (SD) Total Summary Score (TSS) was 80.12(13.87). Predictors for a lower TSS was an increasing age group and the use of dual chelating agents (R2 = 0.057, F (4, 359) = 5.40, p =

Matched MeSH terms: Self Report
Fulltext Physical activity behaviour among women with gestational diabetes mellitus and early post-partum

Syazwani NH, Koh DCL, Shamsuddin K, Ahmad S

Movement Health & Exercise, 2020;9(1):19-29.
MyJurnal

Women with previous history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have been found to have higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Participation in adequate physical activity during and after pregnancy has been found to mitigate this risk. The main purpose of this study was to determine the status of physical activity among women with recent GDM during pregnancy and 8-weeks post-partum. A secondary aim of the study was to explore factors associated with physical activity during and 8-weeks post-partum. Physical activity status was measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The data were collected during pregnancy through a self-reported questionnaire (n=336) and via telephone interview 8-weeks post-partum (n=117). The results uncovered a significant association between physical activity and status of GDM during pregnancy. Women who reported higher physical activity participation during pregnancy were less likely to have GDM. However, there were no significant association between physical activity participation and GDM status post-partum. Age was associated with participation in physical activity during pregnancy. Self-efficacy and risk perception of developing T2DM were associated with physical activity participation at 8-weeks post-partum. In conclusion, this study highlighted the different factors that should be targeted (for during pregnancy and post-partum) to promote physical activity among this high-risk population.

Matched MeSH terms: Self Report
Fulltext Polygenic hazard score is associated with prostate cancer in multi-ethnic populations

Huynh-Le MP, Fan CC, Karunamuni R, Thompson WK, Martinez ME, Eeles RA, et al.

Nat Commun, 2021 02 23;12(1):1236.
PMID: 33623038 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21287-0

Genetic models for cancer have been evaluated using almost exclusively European data, which could exacerbate health disparities. A polygenic hazard score (PHS1) is associated with age at prostate cancer diagnosis and improves screening accuracy in Europeans. Here, we evaluate performance of PHS2 (PHS1, adapted for OncoArray) in a multi-ethnic dataset of 80,491 men (49,916 cases, 30,575 controls). PHS2 is associated with age at diagnosis of any and aggressive (Gleason score ≥ 7, stage T3-T4, PSA ≥ 10 ng/mL, or nodal/distant metastasis) cancer and prostate-cancer-specific death. Associations with cancer are significant within European (n = 71,856), Asian (n = 2,382), and African (n = 6,253) genetic ancestries (p

Matched MeSH terms: Self Report
Fulltext A Self-Report Measure to Detect Neurocognitive Impairment among Incarcerated People Living with HIV in Malaysian Context: An Exploratory Factor Analysis

Shrestha R, Weikum D, Copenhaver M, Altice FL

Int J Ment Health Addict, 2017 Aug;15(4):812-825.
PMID: 29051714 DOI: 10.1007/s11469-017-9752-0

While neurocognitive impairment (NCI) among people living with HIV (PLWH) who use drugs and its impact on HIV treatment outcomes continue to be widely investigated, there remains a critical gap in NCI assessment among HIV-infected people who use drugs (PWUD) in Malaysian context. The present study, therefore, sought to improve the utility of the existing Neuropsychological Impairment Scale (NIS) as a screening tool for assessing NCI by establishing its psychometric properties in the Malaysian context. The NIS is a brief, self-report measure originally designed to assess NCI by having individuals rate a range of items that may influence cognitive functioning. HIV-infected male prisoners (N=301) administered the full 95-item NIS. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted using principal axis factoring and orthogonal varimax rotation. Reliability was measured using Cronbach's alpha. The EFA resulted in an abbreviated, psychometrically sound, eight-factor structure (54-item) revised NIS - now referred to as the Brief Inventory of Neuro-cognitive Impairment-Malaysia (BINI-M). It is better designed to detect NCI in PLWH, ranging from generalized neurocognitive symptoms to more specific forms of impairment with excellent to average reliability. The BINI-M may serve as a useful tool for clinicians and researchers to assess NCI in PLWH and can inform enhanced treatment strategies in the Malaysian context.

Matched MeSH terms: Self Report

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