Displaying publications 81 - 100 of 1133 in total

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  1. Fulltext Needlestick and sharp injuries among health care workers in saudi hospitals: a review
    Al Johani Abdulrahman, A., Karmegam Karuppiah, Al Mutairi Alya, O., Kulanthayan K.C. Mani, Sivasankar Sambasivam
    Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2016;16(20):69-72.
    MyJurnal
    This paper explains Needlestick and Sharp Injuries among Healthcare Workers in Saudi Hospitals. Presently there are number of factors that are responsible for health care workers injuries. Lack of secure environment and ignorance to safety measures can lead to injuries due to Needlestick and Sharp objects. There is a significant need of providing better working environment for health care workers in Saudi Arabia. Following daily practices and World Health Organization’s measures for taking the preventive steps for these injuries is necessary. Trying to avoid utilizing needles whenever secure and efficient substitutes are present, providing needle containers, avoiding re-capping and wearing gloves on both hands are some of the measures that could be taken to make sure these problems do not recur.
    Matched MeSH terms: Needlestick Injuries*
  2. Clostridial gangrene: a case report
    Seng KK
    Med J Malaysia, 1978 Sep;33(1):30-3.
    PMID: 750893
    Matched MeSH terms: Thigh/injuries
  3. Effect of knee pad on kicking a ball and gait analysis
    K. Kadirgama, Z. Taha, A.R. Ismail, Azrul Hisham, A. Zulkifli, Nasrul Hadi, et al.
    Movement Health & Exercise, 2013;2(1):41-46.
    MyJurnal
    Wearing kneepads is the best defence against occupational knee injury. It has been reported that the use of knee pads can reduce injuries and increase performance. Knee pads provide protection by disbursing pressure on the knees and preventing puncture wounds. This study focuses on the effect of knee pads on muscle activity and gait analysis. As a case study, measurement of muscle activities whilst kicking a ball was conducted. The normalized mean of the EMG data shows that the vastus lateralis and vastus medialis muscles are highly active when wearing a knee pad. Gait analysis was conducted on six subjects with and without wearing knee pad. Results shows that wearing knee pads increases the force (950 '— 1150N) acting on the ground, compared with not wearing knee pads (800 —900 N).
    Matched MeSH terms: Knee Injuries; Occupational Injuries
  4. Fulltext Rupture of patellar ligament after steroid infiltration. Report of a case.
    Ismail AM, Balakrishnan R, Rajakumar MK
    J Bone Joint Surg Br, 1969 Aug;51(3):503-5.
    PMID: 5820795
    A case of disruption of patellar ligament is described. An association with previous steroid infiltration is present in this case.
    Matched MeSH terms: Athletic Injuries/therapy*; Knee Injuries/surgery; Knee Injuries/therapy; Ligaments, Articular/injuries*; Patella/injuries
  5. Letter to the Editor: Radiation Injuries: Reemphasizing the Usage of Radiation Protection Prosthesis
    Kohli S, Bhatia S
    Eur J Prosthodont Restor Dent, 2016 12;24(4):170.
    PMID: 28510369 DOI: 10.1922/EJPRD_01650kohli01
    Sir, I write in regard to Nayar S et al article 'The Effect of a Radiation Positioning Stent (RPS) in the Reduction of Radiation Dosage to the Opposing Jaw and Maintenance of Mouth opening after Radiation Therapy'. I wholeheartedly agree to that patients undergoing radio-therapy who had an Radiation Positioning Stent (RPS) would show a significant reduction in radiation dosage to the opposing jaw and maintained their mouth opening in the short-term. As we know that oral cancer has emerged to be one of most deadliest cancer nowadays.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiation Injuries*
  6. Fulltext A short cut to definitive airway in open tracheal injury: a case report
    Saifful, N. I., Afliza, A. B., Tan, T. L.
    Medicine & Health, 2017;12(2):348-351.
    MyJurnal
    Open tracheal injury is rare but can lead to disastrous consequences such as massive bleeding, airway obstruction or failure and aspiration of blood. We present a case of open tracheal injury of a man who tried to attempt suicide using a knife. In this case, the initial management was securing the airway by attempting orotracheal intubation. However, it was unsuccessful when the tube came out from the laceration wound. Intubation was then re-attempted through the distal cut-end of the trachea in the face of airway failure. A quick initial assessment and anticipation of a failed airway should always be the top priority in any emergency physician managing these cases. Direct intubation through the laceration wound might be the only option when all else fail and your patient is crashing.
    Keywords: intubation, laceration, trachea
    Matched MeSH terms: Trachea/injuries
  7. Fulltext Morel-lavallee lesion: a forgotten cause of bleeding in trauma
    Khor, C. C., Tan, T. L.
    Medicine & Health, 2017;12(2):363-367.
    MyJurnal
    The Morel-Lavallee lesion is a rare soft tissue injury that occurs due to traumatic shearing force on skin surface causing separation of skin and subcutaneous tissue resulting in hematoma. This case report depicts a 22-year-old gentleman who was involved in a motor vehicle accident. He complained of pain and swelling over lower back. He was treated for soft tissue injury and admitted for pain control. One day post-trauma, he complained of increased swelling over the back. His hemoglobin dropped from 12.2g/dL to 10.7g/dL. Diagnosis of Morel-Lavallae lesion was made. Initially no surgical intervention was planned. However, in view of worsening of swelling, bedside aspiration was performed and subsequently a pigtail catheter was inserted to drain the hematoma. In total, 2.05 litre of liquefied hematoma was drained. Thus, Morel-Lavallee lesion is an uncommon soft tissue injury that can cause significant bleeding following trauma.
    Keywords: degloving injuries, hematoma, trauma
    Matched MeSH terms: Soft Tissue Injuries*
  8. Case of penetrating wound of the stomach with protrusion of the viscera (recovery)
    Nicholas CF
    Malaya Medical Journal, 1911;9:37-8.
    Matched MeSH terms: Abdominal Injuries; Wounds and Injuries
  9. Fulltext Cerebral white matter microstructural changes in isolated maxillofacial trauma and associated neuropsychological outcomes
    Sreedharan S, Veeramuthu V, Hariri F, Hamzah N, Ramli N, Narayanan V
    Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2020 Sep;49(9):1183-1192.
    PMID: 32224001 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2020.03.002
    Isolated traumatic maxillofacial injury without concomitant brain injury may cause delayed post-concussive symptoms. Early identification allows optimal diagnosis, prognostication, and therapeutic intervention. The aim of this prospective observational study was to investigate longitudinal microstructural changes of the white matter (WM) tracts based on diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) indices in patients with isolated maxillofacial injuries, immediately and 6 months post-trauma, and to correlate these DTI indices with neuropsychological changes observed. Twenty-one patients with isolated maxillofacial injuries and 21 age-matched controls were recruited. DTI was performed and indices were calculated for 50 WM tracts. The neuropsychological evaluation was done using the screening module of the Neuropsychological Assessment Battery. Patients were subjected to repeat DTI and neuropsychological evaluation at 6 months post-trauma. Reduced fractional anisotropy (FA) and increased median (MD) and radial diffusivity (RD) in the acute phase were seen in major association, projection, and commissural fibre bundles, indicative of vasogenic oedema. These changes correlated with attention and executive function deficits in the acute phase, as well as improvement in memory and visuospatial function in the chronic phase. Isolated maxillofacial trauma patients develop WM microstructural damage, which may impair cognitive performance acutely and over time. DTI indices can serve as predictive imaging biomarkers for long-term cognitive deficits in isolated maxillofacial injuries.
    Matched MeSH terms: Maxillofacial Injuries*
  10. Fulltext Contributions of the Cybathlon championship to the literature on functional electrical stimulation cycling among individuals with spinal cord injury: A bibliometric review
    Hamdan PNF, Hamzaid NA, Abd Razak NA, Hasnan N
    J Sport Health Sci, 2022 Nov;11(6):671-680.
    PMID: 33068748 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2020.10.002
    BACKGROUND: Due to its clinically proven safety and health benefits, functional electrical stimulation (FES) cycling has become a popular exercise modality for individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). Since its inception in 2013, the Cybathlon championship has been a platform for publicizing the potential of FES cycling in rehabilitation and exercise for individuals with SCI. This study aimed to evaluate the contribution of the Cybathlon championship to the literature on FES cycling for individuals with SCI 3 years pre and post the staging of the Cybathlon championship in 2016.

    METHODS: Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect, IEEE Xplore, and Google Scholar databases were searched for relevant studies published between January 2013 and July 2019. The quality of the included studies was objectively evaluated using the Downs and Black checklist.

    RESULTS: A total of 129 articles on FES cycling were retained for analysis. A total of 51 articles related to Cybathlon were reviewed, and 14 articles were ultimately evaluated for the quality. In 2017, the year following the Cybathlon championship, Web of Science cited 23 published studies on the championship, which was almost 5-fold more than that in 2016 (n = 5). Training was most often reported as a topic of interest in these studies, which mostly (76.7%) highlighted the training parameters of interest to participating teams in their effort to maximize their FES cycling performance during the Cybathlon championship.

    CONCLUSION: The present study indicates that the Cybathlon championship in 2016 contributed to the number of literature published in 2017 on FES cycling for individuals with SCI. This finding may contribute to the lessons that can be learned from participation in the Cybathlon and potentially provide additional insights into research in the field of race-based FES cycling.

    Matched MeSH terms: Spinal Cord Injuries*
  11. Evaluation occupationally radiation exposure during diagnostic imaging examinations
    Johary YH, Albarakati S, AlSohaim A, Aamry A, Aamri H, Tamam N, et al.
    Appl Radiat Isot, 2023 Mar;193:110648.
    PMID: 36669265 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2023.110648
    Occupational radiation exposure can occur due to various human activities, including the use of radiation in medicine. Occupationally exposed personnel surpassing 7.4 millions, and respresent the biggest single group of employees who are exposed to artificial radiation sources at work. This study compares the occupational radiation dose levels for 145 workers in four different hospitals located in the Aseer region in Saudi Arabia. The occupational exposure was quantified using thermoluminescence dosimeters (TLD-100). The levels of annual occupational exposures in targeted hospitals were calculated and compared with the levels of the international atomic energy agency (IAEA) Safety Standards. An average yearly cumulative dose for the two consecutive years. The average, highest and lowest resulted occupational doses under examination in this work is 1.42, 3.9 mSv and 0.72 for workers in various diagnostic radiology procedures. The resulted annual effective dose were within the IAEA approved yearly dose limit for occupational exposure of workers over 18, which is 20 mSv. Staff should be monitored on a regular basis, according to current practice, because their annual exposure may surpass 15% of the annual effective doses.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiation Injuries*
  12. Mesenchymal Stromal Cells-Derived Exosome and the Roles in the Treatment of Traumatic Brain Injury
    Mot YY, Moses EJ, Mohd Yusoff N, Ling KH, Yong YK, Tan JJ
    Cell Mol Neurobiol, 2023 Mar;43(2):469-489.
    PMID: 35103872 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-022-01201-y
    Traumatic brain injury (TBI) could result in life-long disabilities and death. Though the mechanical insult causes primary injury, the secondary injury due to dysregulated responses following neuronal apoptosis and inflammation is often the cause for more detrimental consequences. Mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) has been extensively investigated as the emerging therapeutic for TBI, and the functional properties are chiefly attributed to their secretome, especially the exosomes. Delivering these nanosize exosomes have shown to ameliorate post-traumatic injury and restore brain functions. Recent technology advances also allow engineering MSC-derived exosomes to carry specific biomolecules of interest to augment their therapeutic outcome. In this review, we discuss the pathophysiology of TBI and summarize the recent progress in the applications of MSCs-derived exosomes, the roles and the signalling mechanisms underlying the protective effects in the treatment of the TBI.
    Matched MeSH terms: Brain Injuries*
  13. Prediction of outcomes in traumatic brain injury: The IMPACT and CRASH prognostic models in a single neurosurgical center, Malaysia
    Abdullah JM, Idris Z, Ghani AR, Lim MS
    J Neurosurg Sci, 2023 Jun;67(3):367-373.
    PMID: 33709663 DOI: 10.23736/S0390-5616.21.05249-8
    BACKGROUND: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has recently become a major concern for public health care and a socioeconomic burden internationally. Prognostic models are mathematical models developed from specific populations which are used to predict the mortality and unfavorable outcomes especially in trauma centers. Hence, we formulate a study to perform an external validation of the IMPACT and CRASH prognostic models; the CRASH model to predict 14-day mortality and 6-month unfavorable outcome and the IMPACT model to estimate 6-month mortality and unfavorable outcome in a single center cohort of TBI patients in Malaysia.

    METHODS: All patients with traumatic brain injury (mild, moderate, and severe) who were admitted to Queen Elizabeth Hospital from November 1, 2017, to January 31, 2019, were prospectively analyzed through a data collection sheet. The discriminatory power of the models was assessed as area under the receiver operating characteristic curve and calibration was assessed using the Hosmer-Lemeshow (H-L) goodness-of-fit test and Cox calibration regression analysis.

    RESULTS: We analyzed 281 patients with significant TBI treated in a single neurosurgical center in Malaysia over a 2-year period. The overall observed 14-day mortality was 9.6%, a 6-month unfavorable outcome of 23.5%, and a 6-month mortality of 13.2%. Overall, both the CRASH and IMPACT models showed good discrimination with AUCs ranging from 0.88 to 0.94 and both models calibrating satisfactorily H-L GoF P>0.05 and calibration slopes >1.0 although IMPACT seemed to be slightly more superior compared to the CRASH model.

    CONCLUSIONS: The CRASH and IMPACT prognostic models displayed satisfactory overall performance in our cohort of TBI patients, but further investigations on factors contributing to TBI outcomes and continuous updating on both models remain crucial.

    Matched MeSH terms: Brain Injuries*
  14. Fulltext Casualty evacuation by helicopter in Malaya
    HARVEY EB
    Br Med J, 1951 Sep 01;2(4730):542-4.
    PMID: 14869641
    Matched MeSH terms: Wounds and Injuries*
  15. Gait analysis of national athletes after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction following three stages of rehabilitation program: Symmetrical perspective
    Hadizadeh M, Amri S, Mohafez H, Roohi SA, Mokhtar AH
    Gait Posture, 2016 07;48:152-158.
    PMID: 27318454 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2016.05.002
    This study aimed to objectively evaluate changes in gait kinematics, kinetics and symmetry among anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructed athletes during rehabilitation. Twenty-two national athletes with ACL reconstruction and 15 healthy athletes were recruited for the study. Gait data were collected between the weeks 4-5, 8-9, and 12-13 post-operation using three-dimensional motion analysis system. Five separate components, including knee range of motion (ROM), vertical ground reaction force (VGRF), their symmetries and knee extension moment were evaluated. One way and repeated measure multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) were used to analyze the knee ROMs. The VGRF and extension moment were tested using repeated measure ANOVA and independent sample t-test. Findings indicated significant alterations in all measured components between patients' Test 1 and control group. Repeated measure analysis revealed significant effect for time in components of knee angular and VGRF (P<0.001), their symmetry index (P=0.03) and knee extension moment (P=0.045). Univariate outcomes demonstrated significant improvement in the injured limb's stance and swing (P<0.001), and single-stance (P=0.005) ROMs over time. Symmetry indexes of stance and swing ROM, and VGRF reduced significantly by 26.3% (P=0.001), 17.9% (P<0.001), and 31.9% (P=0.03) respectively. After three months, symmetry indexes of single-stance ROM and VGRF along with operated knee extension moment were the only variables which showed significant differences with control group. The rehabilitation program allowed national athletes to restore the operated limb's gait parameters except knee extension moment by 12-13 weeks post-reconstruction; however, more time is required to normalize single-stance ROM and VGRF asymmetries.
    Matched MeSH terms: Athletic Injuries/rehabilitation; Athletic Injuries/surgery; Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries/rehabilitation; Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries/surgery*
  16. Shoulder injuries in elite rugby union football matches: Epidemiology and mechanisms
    Usman J, McIntosh AS, Quarrie K, Targett S
    J Sci Med Sport, 2015 Sep;18(5):529-33.
    PMID: 25156881 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2014.07.020
    Shoulder injuries in rugby union football have been the focus of few in-depth studies, despite their frequency and severity. The study's objective was to describe the incidence, patterns and mechanisms of shoulder injuries in rugby.
    Matched MeSH terms: Athletic Injuries/etiology; Athletic Injuries/epidemiology*; Football/injuries*; Shoulder/injuries*
  17. Fulltext Blunt force trauma to skull with various instruments
    Sulaiman NA, Osman K, Hamzah NH, Amir SP
    Malays J Pathol, 2014 Apr;36(1):33-9.
    PMID: 24763233 MyJurnal
    Deaths due to blunt force trauma to the head as a result of assault are some of the most common cases encountered by the practicing forensic pathologist. Previous studies have shown inflicting injury to the head region is one of the most effective methods of murder. The important factors that determine severity of trauma include the type of weapon used, type and site of skull fracture, intracranial haemorrhage and severity of brain injury. The aim of this study was to determine the characteristics of blunt force trauma to the skull produced by different instruments. Nine adult monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) skulls were used as models. Commonly found blunt objects comprising of Warrington hammer, hockey stick and open face helmet were used in this study. A machine calibrated force generator was used to hold the blunt object in place and to hit the skulls at forces of 12.5N and 25N. Resultant traumatic effects and fractures (linear, depressed, basilar, comminuted, and distastic) were analyzed according to type of blunt object used; surface area of contact and absolute force (N/cm(2)) delivered. Results showed that all investigated instruments were capable of producing similar injuries. The severity of trauma was not related to the surface area of contact with the blunt objects. However, only high absolute forces produced comminuted fractures. These findings were observational, as the samples were too small for statistical conclusions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Skull/injuries*; Head Injuries, Closed/etiology; Head Injuries, Closed/pathology*; Head Injuries, Closed/radiography
  18. Simplifying four-strand flexor tendon repair using double-stranded suture: a comparative ex vivo study on tensile strength and bulking
    Low TH, Ahmad TS, Ng ES
    J Hand Surg Eur Vol, 2012 Feb;37(2):101-8.
    PMID: 21636621 DOI: 10.1177/1753193411409840
    We have compared a simple four-strand flexor tendon repair, the single cross-stitch locked repair using a double-stranded suture (dsSCL) against two other four-strand repairs: the Pennington modified Kessler with double-stranded suture (dsPMK); and the cruciate cross-stitch locked repair with single-stranded suture (Modified Sandow). Thirty fresh frozen cadaveric flexor digitorum profundus tendons were transected and repaired with one of the core repair techniques using identical suture material and reinforced with identical peripheral sutures. Bulking at the repair site and tendon-suture junctions was measured. The tendons were subjected to linear load-to-failure testing. Results showed no significant difference in ultimate tensile strength between the Modified Sandow (36.8 N) and dsSCL (32.6 N) whereas the dsPMK was significantly weaker (26.8 N). There were no significant differences in 2 mm gap force, stiffness or bulk between the three repairs. We concluded that the simpler dsSCL repair is comparable to the modified Sandow repair in tensile strength, stiffness and bulking.
    Matched MeSH terms: Finger Injuries/physiopathology; Finger Injuries/surgery*; Tendon Injuries/physiopathology; Tendon Injuries/surgery*
  19. Fulltext Chronic rupture of the extensor apparatus of the knee joint
    Poonnoose PM, Korula RJ, Oommen AT
    Med J Malaysia, 2005 Oct;60(4):511-3.
    PMID: 16570720
    Chronic ruptures of the extensor mechanism of the knee are uncommon injuries, and previously reported literature assumes the presence of an intact patella for repair. We present a case of chronic rupture following patellectomy done twelve years previously. The defect in the extensor apparatus was extensive (18cm), and this was bridged using a large fascia lata graft from the opposite thigh, with reasonably successful results.
    Matched MeSH terms: Knee Injuries/surgery*; Tendon Injuries/surgery*; Quadriceps Muscle/injuries*
  20. Thyroid rupture secondary to blunt neck trauma
    Sow YL, Aziz NA, Ng KL
    Am J Emerg Med, 2013 Apr;31(4):760.e3-5.
    PMID: 23399341 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2012.12.005
    Rupture of the thyroid gland is uncommon in cases of blunt neck trauma. We report a case of thyroid rupture after a motor vehicle accident in a patient without a preexisting goiter. He presented with a painful anterior neck swelling associated with dysphagia and hoarseness of voice. Computed tomographic scans showed lacerations of the right thyroid lobe and isthmus with features suggestive of slow active bleeding. Neck exploration was subsequently performed, and a ruptured right thyroid lobe was found with ongoing venous hemorrhage. A right hemithyroidectomy was performed, and the patient recovered without complications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Thyroid Gland/injuries*; Neck Injuries/complications*; Neck Injuries/radiography; Neck Injuries/surgery
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