Displaying publications 81 - 100 of 977 in total

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  1. Sequence Symmetry Analysis as a Signal Detection Tool for Potential Heart Failure Adverse Events in an Administrative Claims Database
    Wahab IA, Pratt NL, Ellett LK, Roughead EE
    Drug Saf, 2016 Apr;39(4):347-54.
    PMID: 26798053 DOI: 10.1007/s40264-015-0391-8
    The potential for routine sequence symmetry analysis (SSA) signal detection in health claims databases to detect new safety signals of medicines is unknown.
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart Failure/chemically induced*; Heart Failure/epidemiology
  2. Fulltext Pattern of congenital heart disease and access to tertiary cardiac care in Malaysia
    Hung LC, Mohan AJ, Soo TL, Ng HP
    Med J Malaysia, 2000 Dec;55(4):424-32.
    PMID: 11221153
    This prospective, descriptive study was carried out to determine the pattern and the type of congenital heart disease seen in the Paediatric Departments in 4 government hospitals. The accessibility of surgical or transcatheter interventional treatment was also assessed. Consecutive new patients seen for suspected congenital heart disease from 1/1/95 till 31/12/95 (Group I) were registered. Records of patients seen from 1/1/95 to 31/8/95 (Group Ia) were reviewed 6 months after presentation to determine the nature of treatment received. Group II were cardiac patients who were first seen prior to the year 1995 and had undergone cardiac surgery or transcatheter interventional procedures in 1995. Of the 375 patients registered in the 4 hospitals, 250 were new patients and 125 were patients first seen prior to 1995 and had surgery or transcatheter interventional procedures in 1995. Of the 250 new patients, 83.2% had acyanotic cardiac lesions and 16.8% had cyanotic lesions. Ventricular septal defect was the commonest lesion, constituting 37.2%, followed by patent arterial duct (18.8%) and atrial septal defects (9.6%). At 6 month review, access to close-heart surgery or transcatheter interventional treatment were readily available. However, for patients with ventricular septal defects, 42.1% who required closure were still waiting for surgery 6 months after presentation. Of the 4 patients with Fallot's Tetralogy who required surgery, 2 had modified Blalock-Taussig shunt and 2 were awaiting surgery. In 1995, a total of 204 cardiac procedures were performed, there were 114 (55.9%) open heart procedures, 50 (24.5%) surgical ligation of the arterial duct, 28 (13.7%) modified Blalock-Taussig shunts, 11 (5.4%) transcatheter duct occlusion and 1 (0.5%) balloon valvuloplasty. The mean age of Fallot's Tetralogy repair was 6.4 years. No corrective surgery was performed for patients with complex cardiac lesions from the 4 hospitals in 1995. In conclusion, the pattern of congenital heart disease was similar to that seen world wide. Except for patent arterial duct, access to surgical treatment was inadequate.
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart Defects, Congenital/epidemiology*; Heart Defects, Congenital/therapy*
  3. Fulltext Solitary focal coronary artery aneurysm in a middle aged male with atypical chest pain
    Yeo CK, Khalid Y
    Med J Malaysia, 1999 Mar;54(1):114-6.
    PMID: 10972014
    A 52 year old hypertensive Malay man, a smoker who presented with a one month history of mild chest discomfort not related to exertion and had a positive stress test with ST segment depression in the lateral leads. Coronary angiography showed stenosis in the right coronary artery and a coronary aneurysm in the proximal segment of his left anterior descending. The aneurysm was situated just distal to a stenotic lesion. The aneurysm is most likely related to atherosclerotic coronary artery disease. The patient was treated with oral nitrates, aspirin, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor and warfarin to prevent thromboembolism related to the coronary aneurysm. He remains asymptomatic one year after diagnosis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart Aneurysm/complications*; Heart Aneurysm/surgery
  4. Fulltext Rheumatic heart disease: how big is the problem?
    Ibrahim A, Rahman AR
    Med J Malaysia, 1995 Jun;50(2):121-4.
    PMID: 7565179
    Matched MeSH terms: Rheumatic Heart Disease/epidemiology*; Rheumatic Heart Disease/prevention & control
  5. Spontaneous involution of an atrial myxoma complicated by bacterial endocarditis
    Rajadurai J, Rajadurai P, Pasamanickam K
    Aust N Z J Med, 1993 Jun;23(3):311-2.
    PMID: 8352712
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart Atria; Heart Neoplasms/complications*
  6. Rheumatic fever
    Chadha S, Inechen B
    J Public Health Med, 1997 Sep;19(3):363-4.
    PMID: 9347467
    Matched MeSH terms: Rheumatic Heart Disease/etiology; Rheumatic Heart Disease/prevention & control*
  7. Double orifice mitral valve: a case report and review of management
    Majid AA
    J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino), 1991 Nov-Dec;32(6):837-9.
    PMID: 1836465
    This paper reports a case of double orifice mitral valve which was treated conservatively. A new scheme of classification of this entity linked to the accepted lines of surgical treatment is introduced.
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart Septal Defects, Atrial/pathology*; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial/surgery
  8. Acute nonspecific carditis with advanced heart block in Malaysians
    Chin K, Singham KT, Anuar M
    Aust N Z J Med, 1983 Aug;13(4):374-5.
    PMID: 6580862
    Acute nonspecific carditis with advanced heart block is rare. We observed nine cases with complete heart block and one with Mobitz type II block over an eight and a half year period. Temporary cardiac pacing was instituted in all while permanent pacing was required in six patients. No death was recorded.
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart Block/complications*; Heart Block/therapy
  9. Fulltext Coronary artery disease presenting with exercise induced complete heart block. A case report
    Koh CS
    Med J Malaysia, 1987 Dec;42(4):269-71.
    PMID: 3454398
    An 84 year old man who presented with Stokes Adams syncope with exertion was found to have complete heart block on walking with reversion to sinus rhythm on recovery. The resting ECG showed evidence of ischemic heart disease with old anteroseptal and old inferior infarction but there was no recent myocardial infarction as shown by normal cardiac enzymes levels. The probable explanation for the mechanism and causation of the transient A-V block is described.
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart Block/complications; Heart Block/diagnosis*
  10. Fulltext Transposition of great arteries: a preliminary report on local experience with balloon atrial septostomy
    Chan KC, Alwi M
    Med J Malaysia, 1987 Jun;42(2):97-103.
    PMID: 3503198
    Eleven consecutive cases of simple transposition of great arteries were palliated by balloon atrial septostomy, The arterial saturation was improved and the gradient across the atrial septum was reduced or abolished. Improvement in the clinical status was achieved in all the patients. There was no mortality and morbidity was mild. A description of the technique as well as a brief review of the anatomy and haemodynamics of complete transposition of great arteries are the aims of this paper.
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart Atria; Heart Septum*
  11. Temporary cardiac pacing in the coronary care unit
    Ng WH, Ahmad Z, Ong S
    Med J Malaysia, 1979 Mar;33(3):259-63.
    PMID: 522731
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart Block/etiology; Heart Block/therapy*
  12. Ventricular septal defect--autopsy study of 46 cases
    Loh TF
    Med J Malaya, 1970 Jun;24(4):257-60.
    PMID: 4248345
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular/epidemiology*; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular/radiography
  13. The prevalence of cardiac murmurs amongst standard one schoolchildren in the district of Gombak
    Yong, J.F., Zulkifli, H.I., Che' Zuraifah, A.Z.
    Malaysian Journal of Child Health, 1998;10(1):28-33.
    MyJurnal
    Background - Cardiac mumurs are common in childhood and are often innocent in nature. With careful examination, most innocent murmurs can be reliably diagnosed by a paediatric cardiologist, thus obviating the need for further investigations.

    Aim - To look at the prevalence of cardiac murmurs amongst standard one schoolchildren in an urban setting, and calculate the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of clinical diagnosis in differentiating innocent from pathological murmurs.

    Methods - One thousand three hundred and fourteen students from 7 primary schools in the district of Gombak were examined during a routine school health examination. Those who were found to have murmurs were referred for echocardiography. A diagnosis was made at the time of clinical examination and following echocardiography. Children with median sternotomy, lateral or posterior thoracotomy scars or those with previously diagnosed cardiac lesions were excludedfrom the study.

    Results - Thirty six children were referred for echocardiography out of which 2 were confirmed to have underlying cardiac disease on echocardiography. The prevalence of previously undiagnosed cardiac mumurs in this study was 3%. The sensitivity of clinical examination in diagnosing pathological murmurs was 100% while the specificity was 75%. Positive predictive value was 25% and negative predictive value was 100%. Forty three percent of the students who underwent echocardiography were found to have trivial pulmonary regurgitatibn on Doppler echocardiography.

    Conclusion - The prevalence of previously undiagnosed cardiac murmurs is low in this study. This may be due to the fact that they are detected and treated at an earlier age. There is need to conduct a similar study in a rural setting to compare the results.
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart; Heart Diseases; Heart Murmurs
  14. Fulltext Pulsatile operation of a continuous-flow right ventricular assist device (RVAD) to improve vascular pulsatility
    Ng BC, Kleinheyer M, Smith PA, Timms D, Cohn WE, Lim E
    PLoS One, 2018;13(4):e0195975.
    PMID: 29677212 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195975
    Despite the widespread acceptance of rotary blood pump (RBP) in clinical use over the past decades, the diminished flow pulsatility generated by a fixed speed RBP has been regarded as a potential factor that may lead to adverse events such as vasculature stiffening and hemorrhagic strokes. In this study, we investigate the feasibility of generating physiological pulse pressure in the pulmonary circulation by modulating the speed of a right ventricular assist device (RVAD) in a mock circulation loop. A rectangular pulse profile with predetermined pulse width has been implemented as the pump speed pattern with two different phase shifts (0% and 50%) with respect to the ventricular contraction. In addition, the performance of the speed modulation strategy has been assessed under different cardiovascular states, including variation in ventricular contractility and pulmonary arterial compliance. Our results indicated that the proposed pulse profile with optimised parameters (Apulse = 10000 rpm and ωmin = 3000 rpm) was able to generate pulmonary arterial pulse pressure within the physiological range (9-15 mmHg) while avoiding undesirable pump backflow under both co- and counter-pulsation modes. As compared to co-pulsation, stroke work was reduced by over 44% under counter-pulsation, suggesting that mechanical workload of the right ventricle can be efficiently mitigated through counter-pulsing the pump speed. Furthermore, our results showed that improved ventricular contractility could potentially lead to higher risk of ventricular suction and pump backflow, while stiffening of the pulmonary artery resulted in increased pulse pressure. In conclusion, the proposed speed modulation strategy produces pulsatile hemodynamics, which is more physiologic than continuous blood flow. The findings also provide valuable insight into the interaction between RVAD speed modulation and the pulmonary circulation under various cardiovascular states.
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart Ventricles/physiopathology*; Heart-Assist Devices
  15. Review of numerical methods for simulation of mechanical heart valves and the potential for blood clotting
    Zakaria MS, Ismail F, Tamagawa M, Aziz AFA, Wiriadidjaja S, Basri AA, et al.
    Med Biol Eng Comput, 2017 Sep;55(9):1519-1548.
    PMID: 28744828 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-017-1688-9
    Even though the mechanical heart valve (MHV) has been used routinely in clinical practice for over 60 years, the occurrence of serious complications such as blood clotting remains to be elucidated. This paper reviews the progress that has been made over the years in terms of numerical simulation method and the contribution of abnormal flow toward blood clotting from MHVs in the aortic position. It is believed that this review would likely be of interest to some readers in various disciplines, such as engineers, scientists, mathematicians and surgeons, to understand the phenomenon of blood clotting in MHVs through computational fluid dynamics.
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart Valve Prosthesis; Heart Valves/physiology*
  16. Fulltext ECMO in children post cardiac surgery-opportunity for redress
    Alwi M
    Anatol J Cardiol, 2017 12;18(6):431-432.
    PMID: 29256879 DOI: 10.14744/AnatolJCardiol.2017.26116
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart; Heart Defects, Congenital*
  17. Fulltext An Overview of Deep Learning Methods for Left Ventricle Segmentation
    Shoaib MA, Chuah JH, Ali R, Hasikin K, Khalil A, Hum YC, et al.
    Comput Intell Neurosci, 2023;2023:4208231.
    PMID: 36756163 DOI: 10.1155/2023/4208231
    Cardiac health diseases are one of the key causes of death around the globe. The number of heart patients has considerably increased during the pandemic. Therefore, it is crucial to assess and analyze the medical and cardiac images. Deep learning architectures, specifically convolutional neural networks have profoundly become the primary choice for the assessment of cardiac medical images. The left ventricle is a vital part of the cardiovascular system where the boundary and size perform a significant role in the evaluation of cardiac function. Due to automatic segmentation and good promising results, the left ventricle segmentation using deep learning has attracted a lot of attention. This article presents a critical review of deep learning methods used for the left ventricle segmentation from frequently used imaging modalities including magnetic resonance images, ultrasound, and computer tomography. This study also demonstrates the details of the network architecture, software, and hardware used for training along with publicly available cardiac image datasets and self-prepared dataset details incorporated. The summary of the evaluation matrices with results used by different researchers is also presented in this study. Finally, all this information is summarized and comprehended in order to assist the readers to understand the motivation and methodology of various deep learning models, as well as exploring potential solutions to future challenges in LV segmentation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart; Heart Diseases*
  18. Review on CFD simulation in heart with dilated cardiomyopathy and myocardial infarction
    Chan BT, Lim E, Chee KH, Abu Osman NA
    Comput Biol Med, 2013 May;43(4):377-85.
    PMID: 23428371 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2013.01.013
    The heart is a sophisticated functional organ that plays a crucial role in the blood circulatory system. Hemodynamics within the heart chamber can be indicative of exert cardiac health. Due to the limitations of current cardiac imaging modalities, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) have been widely used for the purposes of cardiac function assessment and heart disease diagnosis, as they provide detailed insights into the cardiac flow field. An understanding of ventricular hemodynamics and pathological severities can be gained through studies that employ the CFD method. In this research the hemodynamics of two common myocardial diseases, dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and myocardial infarction (MI) were investigated, during both the filling phase and the whole cardiac cycle, through a prescribed geometry and fluid structure interaction (FSI) approach. The results of the research indicated that early stage disease identification and the improvement of cardiac assisting devices and therapeutic procedures can be facilitated through the use of the CFD method.
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart/physiology; Heart Failure/physiopathology; Heart Ventricles/physiopathology
  19. Galectin-3 is associated with severe heart failure and death: A hospital-based study in Chinese patients
    Wang N, Dang M, Zhang W, Lei Y, Liu Z
    Scand J Immunol, 2020 May;91(5):e12826.
    PMID: 31514240 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12826
    Heart failure (HF) is a serious disease syndrome characterized by elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory mediators presume to have significant contribution on disease progression. Galectins are carbohydrate-binding proteins responsible of various physiological functions. Role of galectins in heart failure has been ill-defined. In the present case-controls study, 136 patients clinically diagnosed with heart failure and 125 healthy Chinese controls were recruited. Levels of galectins (Gal-1, 3 and 9) and cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-17A, IL-4 and TGF-β) were quantified by ELISA. Increased levels of galectin-1 and 3 was observed in HF patients and associated with clinical severity. In addition, pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IFN-γ and IL-17A were increased in patients whereas, anti-inflammatory TGFβ was decreased. Galectin-3 was positively correlated with IFN-γ, IL-17A and inversely with TGF-β. Furthermore, ROC curve analysis suggested galectin-3 as a promising biomarker for diagnosis and HF and clinical severity. Interestingly, a two-year follow-up indicated significant association of elevated galectin-3 with mortality due to HF. In conclusion, galectin-3 associated with HF and clinical manifestations possibly by inducing pro-inflammatory cytokines and could be a possible biomarker of HF and severe clinical conditions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart Failure/blood*; Heart Failure/diagnosis; Heart Failure/mortality*; Heart Failure/epidemiology; Heart Function Tests
  20. Fulltext Heart Rate Measures From Wrist-Worn Activity Trackers in a Laboratory and Free-Living Setting: Validation Study
    Müller AM, Wang NX, Yao J, Tan CS, Low ICC, Lim N, et al.
    JMIR Mhealth Uhealth, 2019 10 02;7(10):e14120.
    PMID: 31579026 DOI: 10.2196/14120
    BACKGROUND: Wrist-worn activity trackers are popular, and an increasing number of these devices are equipped with heart rate (HR) measurement capabilities. However, the validity of HR data obtained from such trackers has not been thoroughly assessed outside the laboratory setting.

    OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the validity of HR measures of a high-cost consumer-based tracker (Polar A370) and a low-cost tracker (Tempo HR) in the laboratory and free-living settings.

    METHODS: Participants underwent a laboratory-based cycling protocol while wearing the two trackers and the chest-strapped Polar H10, which acted as criterion. Participants also wore the devices throughout the waking hours of the following day during which they were required to conduct at least one 10-min bout of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) to ensure variability in the HR signal. We extracted 10-second values from all devices and time-matched HR data from the trackers with those from the Polar H10. We calculated intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), mean absolute errors, and mean absolute percentage errors (MAPEs) between the criterion and the trackers. We constructed decile plots that compared HR data from Tempo HR and Polar A370 with criterion measures across intensity deciles. We investigated how many HR data points within the MVPA zone (≥64% of maximum HR) were detected by the trackers.

    RESULTS: Of the 57 people screened, 55 joined the study (mean age 30.5 [SD 9.8] years). Tempo HR showed moderate agreement and large errors (laboratory: ICC 0.51 and MAPE 13.00%; free-living: ICC 0.71 and MAPE 10.20%). Polar A370 showed moderate-to-strong agreement and small errors (laboratory: ICC 0.73 and MAPE 6.40%; free-living: ICC 0.83 and MAPE 7.10%). Decile plots indicated increasing differences between Tempo HR and the criterion as HRs increased. Such trend was less pronounced when considering the Polar A370 HR data. Tempo HR identified 62.13% (1872/3013) and 54.27% (5717/10,535) of all MVPA time points in the laboratory phase and free-living phase, respectively. Polar A370 detected 81.09% (2273/2803) and 83.55% (9323/11,158) of all MVPA time points in the laboratory phase and free-living phase, respectively.

    CONCLUSIONS: HR data from the examined wrist-worn trackers were reasonably accurate in both the settings, with the Polar A370 showing stronger agreement with the Polar H10 and smaller errors. Inaccuracies increased with increasing HRs; this was pronounced for Tempo HR.

    Matched MeSH terms: Heart Rate/physiology*; Heart Rate Determination/methods; Heart Rate Determination/standards; Heart Rate Determination/statistics & numerical data
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