Displaying publications 61 - 80 of 133 in total

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  1. Transmission of microsporidian infection in the snail Indoplanorbis exustus in west Malaysia
    Basch PF
    Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health, 1971 Sep;2(3):380-3.
    PMID: 5003368
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Vectors*
  2. The prevalence of Angiostrongylus cantonensis larvae collected from the giant African snail, Achatina fulica in west Malaysia and Singapore
    Bisseru B
    Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health, 1971 Dec;2(4):523-6.
    PMID: 5144153
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Vectors*
  3. [Chikungunya, La Réunion and Mayotte, 2005-2006: an epidemic without a story?]
    Flahault A, Aumont G, Boisson V, de Lamballerile X, Favier F, Fontenille D, et al.
    Sante Publique, 2007 May-Jun;19 Suppl 3:S165-95.
    PMID: 17929405
    Many triggering factors for onset of emerging infectious diseases are now recognised, such as: globalisation, demographic increase, population movements, international trade, urbanisation, forest destruction, climate changes, loss in biodiversity, and extreme life conditions such as poverty, famine and war. Epidemic burden is often leading to disasters, in terms of human losses, as well as economic, political or social consequences. These outbreaks may jeopardize within a few weeks or months, industry, trade, or tourism. While dengue and its most severe forms (hemorrhagic and shock syndrome) is spreading all over the tropical world, another arbovirosis, chikungunya disease dramatically spread in Indian Ocean islands where 30 to 75% of population were infected in 2005 and 2006, and then extended its progression towards India, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, Malaysia, Maldives islands with more than a million people infected with the East-African strain, replacing the former Asian strain which was known to prevail more than 30 years ago in India. Patients experience sequelae with disability, work loss, and rarely severe outcome recently identified in La Réunion and Mayotte (French overseas territories). No country, no part of the world may consider itself as protected against such events. However, consequences of emerging or re-emerging diseases are more and more unacceptable when they impact the poorest countries of the world. Viruses, bacteria, as well as wild animals, birds, or arthropods are not stopped by borders. It is time now to promote barriers against infectious diseases, including prevention, anticipation, disease surveillance and research. This is not only for humanitarian reasons, but also for contributing to a sustainable development with equity for worldwide population. This report presents comprehensive actions taken in 2006 for tracing the epidemic and mobilise research, as requested to the task force set up by the Prime Minister by March 20, 2006.
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Vectors
  4. Rapid biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using Crotalaria verrucosa leaves against the dengue vector Aedes aegypti: what happens around? An analysis of dragonfly predatory behaviour after exposure at ultra-low doses
    Murugan K, Sanoopa CP, Madhiyazhagan P, Dinesh D, Subramaniam J, Panneerselvam C, et al.
    Nat Prod Res, 2016 Apr;30(7):826-33.
    PMID: 26284510 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2015.1074230
    Aedes aegypti is a primary vector of dengue, a mosquito-borne viral disease infecting 50-100 million people every year. Here, we biosynthesised mosquitocidal silver nanoparticles (AgNP) using the aqueous leaf extract of Crotalaria verrucosa. The green synthesis of AgNP was studied by UV-vis spectroscopy, SEM, EDX and FTIR. C. verrucosa-synthesised AgNPs were toxic against A. aegypti larvae and pupae. LC50 of AgNP ranged from 3.496 ppm (I instar larvae) to 17.700 ppm (pupae). Furthermore, we evaluated the predatory efficiency of dragonfly nymphs, Brachydiplax sobrina, against II and III instar larvae of A. aegypti in an aquatic environment contaminated with ultra-low doses of AgNP. Under standard laboratory conditions, predation after 24 h was 87.5% (II) and 54.7% (III). In an AgNP-contaminated environment, predation was 91 and 75.5%, respectively. Overall, C. verrucosa-synthesised AgNP could be employed at ultra-low doses to reduce larval population of dengue vectors enhancing predation rates of dragonfly nymphs.
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Vectors
  5. Regional overview of bluetongue viruses in South-East Asia: viruses, vectors and surveillance
    Daniels PW, Sendow I, Pritchard LI, Sukarsih, Eaton BT
    Vet. Ital., 2004 Jul-Sep;40(3):94-100.
    PMID: 20419642
    Structured epidemiological studies based on sentinel herds in Indonesia and Malaysia have provided much information regarding the bluetongue (BT) viruses (BTV) and their likely vectors in South-East Asia. Serotypes 1, 2, 3, 7, 9, 12, 16, 21 and 23 have been isolated. Molecular analyses show all group within the Australasian topotype, with four genotypic sub-groupings identified to date. There are relationships to isolates from both India and Australia. Strains of BTV in South-East Asia do not appear to be highly virulent, since BT disease is not seen in local sheep. Known vector species identified include Culicoides fulvus, C. actoni, C. wadai and C. brevitarsis. C. imicola has not been identified in Malaysian or Indonesian studies. Molecular analyses indicate movement of South-East Asian strains of BTV into northern Australia, and the gradation in observations between India and eastern Australia regarding serotype, genotype, virulence and vector species suggests movement along a conceptual gradient through South-East Asia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Vectors
  6. Arbovirus infections in Sarawak: the isolation of Kunjin virus from mosquitoes of the Culex pseudovishnui group
    Ching CY, Casals J, Bowen ET, Simpson DI, Platt GS, Way HJ, et al.
    Ann Trop Med Parasitol, 1970 Sep;64(3):263-8.
    PMID: 5500097
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Vectors
  7. Fulltext Implications of the COVID-19 Lockdown on Dengue Transmission in Malaysia
    Ong SQ, Ahmad H, Mohd Ngesom AM
    Infect Dis Rep, 2021 Feb 05;13(1):148-160.
    PMID: 33562890 DOI: 10.3390/idr13010016
    We aim to investigate the effect of large-scale human movement restrictions during the COVID-19 lockdown on both the dengue transmission and vector occurrences. This study compared the weekly dengue incidences during the period of lockdown to the previous years (2015 to 2019) and a Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) model that expected no movement restrictions. We found that the trend of dengue incidence during the first two weeks (stage 1) of lockdown decreased significantly with the incidences lower than the lower confidence level (LCL) of SARIMA. By comparing the magnitude of the gradient of decrease, the trend is 319% steeper than the trend observed in previous years and 650% steeper than the simulated model, indicating that the control of population movement did reduce dengue transmission. However, starting from stage 2 of lockdown, the dengue incidences demonstrated an elevation and earlier rebound by four weeks and grew with an exponential pattern. We revealed that Aedes albopictus is the predominant species and demonstrated a strong correlation with the locally reported dengue incidences, and therefore we proposed the possible diffusive effect of the vector that led to a higher acceleration of incidence rate.
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Vectors
  8. Fulltext Cutaneous leishmaniasis-Awareness, knowledge and practices among general population in rural and urban areas in Malakand region, Pakistan
    Khan W, Khan I, Ullah H, Zain SNM, Panhwar WA, Mehmood SA, et al.
    Braz J Biol, 2021;82:e238665.
    PMID: 33787717 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.238665
    Malakand region is an endemic area for cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). However, there are limited number of studies of this disease in Pakistan. Therefore, a study was conducted to understand the level of awareness attitude and practice among the residents of Makaland towards CL and the disease vectors. This study adopted a cross-sectional approach with a total of 400 respondents (n=93 rural and n= 307 urban). Overall, the population in Malakand region (61.2%) were well-informed in the role of sand fly in transmitting diseases, but most lack knowledge on the vector's behavior and almost a quarter (24.5%) were unable to provide knowledge on proper control measures. Alarmingly, the practice and attitudes of the general population was not satisfactory as close to half (49.8%) of the population did adopt any control method. This study calls for increase in awareness through health education campaign to reduce the risk of cutaneous leishmaniasis outbreaks in the future.
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Vectors
  9. Fulltext Occupationally Acquired Plasmodium knowlesi Malaria in Brunei Darussalam
    Koh GJ, Ismail PK, Koh D
    Saf Health Work, 2019 Mar;10(1):122-124.
    PMID: 30949391 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2018.09.002
    Simian malaria is a zoonotic disease caused by Plasmodium knowlesi infection. The common natural reservoir of the parasite is the macaque monkey and the vector is the Anopheles mosquito. Human cases of P. knowlesi infection has been reported in all South East Asian countries in the last decade, and it is currently the most common type of malaria seen in Malaysia and Brunei. Between 2007-2017, 73 cases of P. knowlesi infection were notified and confirmed to the Ministry of Health in Brunei. Of these, 15 cases (21%) were documented as work-related, and 28 other cases (38%) were classified as probably related to work (due to incomplete history). The occupations of those with probable and confirmed work related infections were border patrol officers, Armed Forces and security personnel, Department of Forestry officers, boatmen and researchers. The remaining cases classified as most likely not related to work were possibly acquired via peri-domestic transmission. The risk of this zoonotic infection extends to tourists and overseas visitors who have to travel to the jungle in the course of their work. It can be minimised with the recommended use of prophylaxis for those going on duty into the jungles, application of mosquito/insect repellants, and use of repellant impregnated uniforms and bed nets in jungle camp sites.
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Vectors
  10. Who is biting you? DNA barcodes reveal cryptic diversity in human-biting black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae)
    Jomkumsing P, Tangkawanit U, Wongpakam K, Pramual P
    Acta Trop, 2019 Aug;196:22-29.
    PMID: 31059708 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2019.05.001
    Black flies (Simuliidae) are important biting insects and vectors of diseases agents of humans and livestock. Thus, understanding the taxonomy and biodiversity of these insects is crucial for control and management of these diseases. In this study, we used mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I sequences to examine genetic diversity of three human-biting and possible vector black fly taxa; the Simulium asakoae species-complex, S. chamlongi and S. nigrogilvum. High levels of genetic diversity (>3.5% intraspecific genetic divergence) were found in all three taxa. Phylogenetic analyses indicated that the S. asakoae complex can be divided into seven groups with the largest group consisting of specimens from Thailand, Malaysia and Myanmar. This group most likely represents true S. asakoae. The remaining haplotypes formed groups with conspecific haplotypes or with other closely related species. Among these groups, one including S. monglaense and another including S. myanmarense suggest that certain specimens identified as S. asakoae most likely belong to those species. Therefore, they constitute new locality records for Thailand and also represent new records of anthropophily. Members of S. chamlongi are not monophyletic as its clade also included S. hackeri. A median joining network revealed strong geographic associations of the haplotypes of S. nigrogilvum suggesting limitation of gene flow. Because this species occurs mainly in high elevation habitats, low land areas could present a barrier to gene flow.
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Vectors
  11. Fulltext Seasonal Filarial Infections and Their Black Fly Vectors in Chiang Mai Province, Northern Thailand
    Aupalee K, Saeung A, Srisuka W, Fukuda M, Streit A, Takaoka H
    Pathogens, 2020 Jun 25;9(6).
    PMID: 32630410 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9060512
    The transmission of zoonotic filarial parasites by black flies has so far been reported in the Chiang Mai and Tak provinces, Thailand, and the bites of these infected black flies can cause a rare disease-human zoonotic onchocerciasis. However, species identification of the filarial parasites and their black fly vectors in the Chiang Mai province were previously only based on a morphotaxonomic analysis. In this study, a combined approach of morphotaxonomic and molecular analyses (mitochondrial cox1, 12S rRNA, and nuclear 18S rRNA (SSU HVR-I) genes) was used to clarify the natural filarial infections in female black flies collected by using human and swine baits from two study areas (Ban Lek and Ban Pang Dang) in the Chiang Mai province from March 2018 to January 2019. A total of 805 and 4597 adult females, belonging to seven and nine black fly taxa, were collected from Ban Lek and Ban Pang Dang, respectively. At Ban Lek, four of the 309 adult females of Simulium nigrogilvum were positive for Onchocerca species type I in the hot and rainy seasons. At Ban Pang Dang, five unknown filarial larvae (belonging to the same new species) were detected in Simulium sp. in the S. varicorne species-group and in three species in the S. asakoae species-group in all seasons, and three non-filarial larvae of three different taxa were also found in three females of the S. asakoae species-group. This study is the first to molecularly identify new filarial species and their vector black fly species in Thailand.
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Vectors
  12. Fulltext Entomological Surveillance on Resistance of Aedes to Aqua K-Otherine at Taman Sri Rugading, Tuaran, Sabah, Malaysia
    Netto, Marcus
    Borneo Journal of Medical Sciences, 2018;12(101):39-0.
    MyJurnal
    Dengue fever and its fatal complications have made a comeback since its control in the 1990’s. The Flavivirus has evolved into 4 serotypes DEN 1,2,3,4 which can be passed on by the mosquitoes for 7 generations for each serotype. This communicable disease is predominantly confined to urban areas. Quick control of the spread of the disease will prevent it from becoming an epidemic. The two species mosquitoes involved have different behaviours. The Aedes aegypti is an indoor vector which breeds in clean, clear and calm freshwater. The Aedes albopictus is an outdoor breeding mosquito which breeds in stagnant waters. Surveillance of the areas prone to outbreaks is vital. One of the roles of the entomologist is to monitor the vector for resistance to the insecticides. Localities that have been subjected to recurrent outbreaks will have vector which develop resistance to the insecticides used.
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Vectors
  13. Fulltext Does good knowledge on dengue correlates to the practice of dengue prevention? a survey among a rural community in Negeri Sembilan
    Nuurain Amirah Mohd Razi, Nizam Baharom, Zairina A. Rahman, Nadeeya Mohamad Nor, Mohd Dzulkhairi Mohd Rani, Akmal Aizat Rosman, et al.
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2019;15(106):2-2.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: The persistently increasing number of dengue cases costs a significant amount of health financial ex-penditure by the government. Communities throughout the country should be equipped with adequate knowledge and have a good practice in the avenue of reducing dengue infection incidence. This study aims to describe the knowledge and practice levels on dengue fever and their associated factors among adults in a rural village in Negeri Sembilan. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a village of Tampin District using a pretested struc-tured questionnaire. Face-to-face interview was conducted among participants whose houses were randomly select-ed. The questionnaire consisted of sections identifying the socio-demographic factors and assessing their knowledge and practice on dengue fever. Knowledge that was assessed includes the sign and symptoms of dengue fever, knowl-edge on the vector, preventive measures and legislation related to it while practice includes their routine action in preventing dengue fever. Results: A total of 221 respondents responded to the questionnaire. The prevalence of re-spondents ever had dengue fever was 10.4% (n=23). Out of 100, the mean (s.d.) knowledge and practice score was 77.2(13.1) and 75.8(16.7) respectively. Good knowledge and practice on dengue fever was found among 52.0% and 47.5% of the respondents respectively. Good knowledge was associated with being middle aged (p=0.001), married (p=0.010) and having higher household income (p= 0.037). There was a significant but weak positive correlation between knowledge and practice of dengue fever (r=0.237, p
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Vectors
  14. Fulltext Host and environmental factors that influence Plasmodiu Knowlesi Mamlaria infection in humans: a systematic review
    Michal Christina Steven
    Borneo Epidemiology Journal, 2020;1(2):104-115.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction:Plasmodium knowlesi(P.knowlesi) is a zoonotic malaria parasite, transmitted between non-factors” or “individual factors” or “ecological factors” and “P.knowlesi” and “human” including human primate hosts by the Anopheles (An.) mosquitos, and causing spill-over infections in humans where the parasite, vector, host, and human converge
    Methods:The search was done electronically toexplore for appropriate papers viaPubMed, and Science Direct for articles published up to March 2020, containing the words “factors associated” or “environmental synonyms and Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) terms. A total of 27 articles from PubMed Databases and 18 articles from Science Direct were selected to be assessed for eligibility. Out of it, a total of 13 articles were selected to be analysed.
    Results:Host factors such as sex and age, as well as occupation as individual factors, while environmental factors such as rainfall and geographic elevation have some association with P.knowlesiinfection in humans. This zoonotic malaria poses unique challenges that will need to be addressed if all forms of malaria are to be eliminated based on the sustainable development goal (SDG)
    Conclusion:This article highlights the importance of disease ecologies such as climate and landscape and human-environment interactions such as the land use patterns, such as agriculture or infrastructure activities) to reduce the further increase of cases and mortality globally due to P.knowlesiinfection. This review focuses mainly on the host and environmental factors that influence P.knowlesiMalaria Infection in Humans
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Vectors
  15. Shifts in mosquito diversity and abundance along a gradient from oil palm plantations to conterminous forests in Borneo
    Young KI, Buenemann M, Vasilakis N, Perera D, Hanley KA
    Ecosphere, 2021 Apr;12(4).
    PMID: 33996190 DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3463
    Deforestation precipitates spillover of enzootic, vector-borne viruses into humans, but specific mechanisms for this effect have rarely been investigated. Expansion of oil palm cultivation is a major driver of deforestation. Here, we demonstrate that mosquito abundance decreased over ten stepwise distances from interior forest into conterminous palm plantations in Borneo. Diversity in interior plantation narrowed to one species, Aedes albopictus, a potential bridge vector for spillover of multiple viruses. A. albopictus was equally abundant across all distances in forests, forest-plantation edge, and plantations, while A. niveus, a known vector of sylvatic dengue virus, was found only in forests. A. albopictus collections were significantly female-biased in plantation but not in edge or forest. Our data reveal that the likelihood of encountering any mosquito is greater in interior forest and edge than plantation, while the likelihood of encountering A. albopictus is equivalent across the gradient sampled from interior plantation to interior forest.
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Vectors
  16. Fulltext Measuring the effectiveness of integrated vector management with targeted outdoor residual spraying and autodissemination devices on the incidence of dengue in urban Malaysia in the iDEM trial (intervention for Dengue Epidemiology in Malaysia): study protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial
    Saadatian-Elahi M, Alexander N, Möhlmann T, Langlois-Jacques C, Suer R, Ahmad NW, et al.
    Trials, 2021 May 30;22(1):374.
    PMID: 34053466 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-021-05298-2
    BACKGROUND: In common with many South East Asian countries, Malaysia is endemic for dengue. Dengue control in Malaysia is currently based on reactive vector management within 24 h of a dengue case being reported. Preventive rather than reactive vector control approaches, with combined interventions, are expected to improve the cost-effectiveness of dengue control programs. The principal objective of this cluster randomized controlled trial is to quantify the effectiveness of a preventive integrated vector management (IVM) strategy on the incidence of dengue as compared to routine vector control efforts.

    METHODS: The trial is conducted in randomly allocated clusters of low- and medium-cost housing located in the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya. The IVM approach combines: targeted outdoor residual spraying with K-Othrine Polyzone, deployment of mosquito traps as auto-dissemination devices, and community engagement activities. The trial includes 300 clusters randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio. The clusters receive either the preventive IVM in addition to the routine vector control activities or the routine vector control activities only. Epidemiological data from monthly confirmed dengue cases during the study period will be obtained from the Vector Borne Disease Sector, Malaysian Ministry of Health e-Dengue surveillance system. Entomological surveillance data will be collected in 12 clusters randomly selected from each arm. To measure the effectiveness of the IVM approach on dengue incidence, a negative binomial regression model will be used to compare the incidence between control and intervention clusters. To quantify the effect of the interventions on the main entomological outcome, ovitrap index, a modified ordinary least squares regression model using a robust standard error estimator will be used.

    DISCUSSION: Considering the ongoing expansion of dengue burden in Malaysia, setting up proactive control strategies is critical. Despite some limitations of the trial such as the use of passive surveillance to identify cases, the results will be informative for a better understanding of effectiveness of proactive IVM approach in the control of dengue. Evidence from this trial may help justify investment in preventive IVM approaches as preferred to reactive case management strategies.

    TRIAL REGISTRATION: ISRCTN ISRCTN81915073 . Retrospectively registered on 17 April 2020.

    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Vectors
  17. Plasmodium inui-like infection producing a presumably fatal illness in a leaf monkey Presbytis johnii--a previously undescribed host
    Das SK, Strauss JM, Chee CT
    Med J Malaya, 1966 Jun;20(4):323.
    PMID: 4224342
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Vectors
  18. Cycles of jungle malaria in West Malaysia
    Warren M, Cheong WH, Fredericks HK, Coatney GR
    Am J Trop Med Hyg, 1970 May;19(3):383-93.
    PMID: 4392806
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Vectors
  19. Cercaria of Trichobilharzia brevis Basch, 1966 in Djakarta as a possible cause of schistosome dermatitis
    Margono SS
    Med J Malaya, 1968 Jun;23(4):306-12.
    PMID: 4235595
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Vectors
  20. Fulltext Pyrethroid resistance status of Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti (Linneaus) from dengue endemic areas in Peninsular Malaysia
    Rosilawati, R., Lee, H.L., Nazni, W.A., Nurulhusna, A.H., Roziah, A., Khairul Asuad, M., et al.
    International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2017;16(2):73-78.
    MyJurnal
    Vector control is still the principal method to control dengue and chemical insecticides, especially the
    pyrethroids such as permethrin are the forerunners of mosquito control agent. Intensive and extensive use
    of pyrethroids often result in resistance, thereby hampering control efforts. The present study was
    conducted to evaluate the susceptible status of Aedes aegypti, the primary vector of dengue against
    permethrin. A nationwide mosquito sampling via ovitrapping was conducted in 12 dengue hotspots across 5
    states in Peninsular Malaysia. Field collected Aedes eggs were hatched and reared until L3 larval and further
    identified it species. Adult F0 Aedes aegypti were reared until F1 progeny and the female were used in
    adult assay, performed according to World Health Organization (WHO) protocol as to determine the
    resistance level. The laboratory strain maintained for more than 1000 generations that were susceptible to
    permethrin served as the control strain. Evaluation of resistance ratio was assessed by comparing the
    knockdown rate with laboratory susceptible strain. In this present study, 70% ofAe. aegypti population from
    dengue hotspots was highly resistance to permethrin. The study clearly demonstrated that widespread of
    permethrin resistant Ae. aegypti in Malaysian mosquito’s population, indicating the need of implementing
    an efficient pyrethroid resistance management.
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Vectors
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