MyMedR

Fulltext The rural bite in population pyramids: what are the implications for responsiveness of health systems in middle income countries?

Jahan N, Allotey P, Arunachalam D, Yasin S, Soyiri IN, Davey TM, et al.

BMC Public Health, 2014;14 Suppl 2:S8.

PMID: 25081203 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-S2-S8

Health services can only be responsive if they are designed to service the needs of the population at hand. In many low and middle income countries, the rate of urbanisation can leave the profile of the rural population quite different from the urban population. As a consequence, the kinds of services required for an urban population may be quite different from that required for a rural population. This is examined using data from the South East Asia Community Observatory in rural Malaysia and contrasting it with the national Malaysia population profile.

Matched MeSH terms: Population Dynamics*

Evolution. Did early humans go north or south?

Forster P, Matsumura S

Science, 2005 May 13;308(5724):965-6.

PMID: 15890867

Matched MeSH terms: Population Dynamics*

Fulltext Dispersal of Engineered Male Aedes aegypti Mosquitoes

Winskill P, Carvalho DO, Capurro ML, Alphey L, Donnelly CA, McKemey AR

PLoS Negl Trop Dis, 2015 Nov;9(11):e0004156.

PMID: 26554922 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004156

BACKGROUND: Aedes aegypti, the principal vector of dengue fever, have been genetically engineered for use in a sterile insect control programme. To improve our understanding of the dispersal ecology of mosquitoes and to inform appropriate release strategies of 'genetically sterile' male Aedes aegypti detailed knowledge of the dispersal ability of the released insects is needed.

METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: The dispersal ability of released 'genetically sterile' male Aedes aegypti at a field site in Brazil has been estimated. Dispersal kernels embedded within a generalized linear model framework were used to analyse data collected from three large scale mark release recapture studies. The methodology has been applied to previously published dispersal data to compare the dispersal ability of 'genetically sterile' male Aedes aegypti in contrasting environments. We parameterised dispersal kernels and estimated the mean distance travelled for insects in Brazil: 52.8 m (95% CI: 49.9 m, 56.8 m) and Malaysia: 58.0 m (95% CI: 51.1 m, 71.0 m).

CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Our results provide specific, detailed estimates of the dispersal characteristics of released 'genetically sterile' male Aedes aegypti in the field. The comparative analysis indicates that despite differing environments and recapture rates, key features of the insects' dispersal kernels are conserved across the two studies. The results can be used to inform both risk assessments and release programmes using 'genetically sterile' male Aedes aegypti.

Matched MeSH terms: Population Dynamics*

Ageing conference -- towards a cooperative future

JOICFP News, 1999.

PMID: 12349388

Matched MeSH terms: Population Dynamics*

Presidential address

Vohra U

IIPS Newsl, 1993 Jul;34(3):4-6.

PMID: 12287408

Matched MeSH terms: Population Dynamics*

The future of protected areas in a crowded world

Harmon D, Brechin SR

George Wright Forum, 1994;11(3):97-116.

PMID: 12290870

Matched MeSH terms: Population Dynamics*

The dynamics or urban demographic change in Malaysia: an analysis of the 1991 population census

Chan KE

Asian Geogr, 1995;14(1):58-70.

PMID: 12292933

"This paper examines how and to what extent the three demographic components of urban change, urban reclassification, natural increase and net migration, operated in Malaysia between 1980 and 1991.... Since there is a spatial dimension to urban demographic changes, another emphasis of the paper is to differentiate the areal patterns of such changes. The analysis is conducted at both the national level and sub-national levels." Data are from the Malaysian Department of Statistics. The author finds that "the important role of natural increase in urban population change is remarkable considering that a rapid fertility transition had been unfolding in Malaysia up to the mid-1970s."

Matched MeSH terms: Population Dynamics*

Gender, migration, and career trajectories in Malaysia

Chattopadhyay A

Demography, 1998 Aug;35(3):335-44.

PMID: 9749325

With data from the Malaysian Family Life Survey, I use a continuous-state hazards model to study the impact of migration on the dynamics of individuals' careers. I distinguish between the effects of family migration and solo migration by gender. The results show that migration alters the career trajectory primarily by accelerating the process of occupational mobility rather than by increasing the level of occupational attainment. Further, the effect of migration on careers varies by type of migration, especially for women. Male-female differences in the outcome of family migration, however, are visible only in transitions into and out of employment.

Matched MeSH terms: Population Dynamics/statistics & numerical data*

Aging trends -- the Philippines

Biddlecom AE, Domingo LJ

J Cross Cult Gerontol, 1996 Mar;11(1):109-14.

PMID: 12292274

Matched MeSH terms: Population Dynamics*

[[Changes in population and households in a Malay village, 1971-1991]]

Tsubouchi Y

Tonan Ajia Kenkyu, 1992 Sep;30(2):192-212.

PMID: 12157850

"The Malay village of Galok in Kelantan was revisited [in]...1991 to investigate the changes in the population and households in the 20 years since the first intensive community study was conducted there in 1970/71. Major economic activities in 1970/71 were paddy cultivation in rain-fed fields, small scale rubber tapping, and newly introduced tobacco cultivation. The village's population increased from 690 in 1971 to 1,100 in 1991, and the number of households from 145 to 211. Despite the increase in population and households, the households cultivating paddy decreased from 71 to 36, those tapping rubber from 94 to 53, and those growing tobacco from 124 to 40, while regular employment, irregular wage labor in the surrounding areas, and temporary migratory work in Singapore increased remarkably. Many people moved out of the village and many others moved in. Though the former exceed the latter in number, the village population is still increasing owing to the high fertility...." (SUMMARY IN ENG)

Matched MeSH terms: Population Dynamics*

Determinants of fertility in Malaysia -- how much do we know?

Ying SL

J Southeast Asian Stud, 1992 Mar;23(1):112-32.

PMID: 12286188

Matched MeSH terms: Population Dynamics*

Effects of agricultural development policies on migration in peninsular Malaysia

Baydar N, White MJ, Simkins C, Babakol O

Demography, 1990 Feb;27(1):97-109.

PMID: 2303144

State planning plays a central role in Malaysia's social and economic development. The government's rural development policies are designed to promote agricultural incomes and help counterbalance ethnic inequalities. The Federal Land Development Authority (FELDA) implements one of the internationally most successful land development and resettlement programs. In this article, we quantify the impact of FELDA settlements on local out-migration rates, linking macro and micro approaches and using data from the Malaysian Family Life Survey, national censuses, and other sources. A model of instantaneous migration rates specifies an individual's migration rate as a function of individual-level sociodemographic characteristics, the level of urbanization of the origin and destination, and the extent of rural development at the district of current residence. Our results show that in the late 1960s and early 1970s, the existence of rural development centers in a district reduced the levels of out-migration to pre-1965 levels.

Matched MeSH terms: Population Dynamics/statistics & numerical data*

[Demographic measurements as indicators? Population development in Malaysia and Nigeria compared]

Corvinus F

Geogr Rundsch, 1984 Nov;36(11):575-81.

PMID: 12313492

Matched MeSH terms: Population Dynamics*

Population success

Dev Forum, 1982 Jul-Aug;10(6):1, 3.

PMID: 12279227

"The commitment to population programs is now widespread," says Rafael Salas, Executive Director of the UNFPA, in its report "State of World Population." About 80% of the total population of the developing world live in countries which consider their fertility levels too high and would like them reduced. An important impetus came from the World Conference of 1974. The Plan of Action from the conference projected population growth rates in developing countries of 2.0% by 1985. Today it looks as though this projection will be realized. While in 1969, for example, only 26 developing countries had programs aimed at lowering or maintaining fertility levels, by 1980 there were 59. The International Population Conference, recently announced by the UN for 1984, will, it is hoped, help sustain that momentum. Cuba is the country which has shown the greatest decline in birth rate so far. The birth rate fell 47% between 1965-1970 and 1975-1980. Next came China with a 34% decline in the same period. After these came a group of countries--each with populations of over 10 million--with declines of between 15 and 25%: Chile, Colombia, India, Indonesia, the Republic of Korea, Malaysia and Thailand. Though birth rates have been dropping significantly the decline in mortality rates over recent years has been less than was hoped for. The 1974 conference set 74 years as the target for the world's average expectation of life, to be reached by the year 2000. But the UN now predicts that the developing countries will have only reached 63 or 64 years by then. High infant and child mortality rates, particularly in Africa, are among the major causes. The report identifies the status of women as an important determinant of family size. Evidence from the UNFPA-sponsored World Fertility Survey shows that in general the fertility of women decreases as their income increases. It also indicates that women who have been educated and who work outside the home are likely to have smaller families. Access to contraceptives is, of course, a major influence on fertility decline. According to UNFPA some of the Latin American countries have the highest contraceptive use among developing countries. The countries of Asia come next and contraceptives are least used in sub-Saharan Africa where birth rates of 45/1000 are still common. The money for population programs, says the report, has come largely from developing countries themselves. A survey of 15 countries showed them to have contributed 67% out of their own budgets--the rest having come from external aid. And in programs aided by UNFPA the local input has been even higher. During 1979-1981 the developing countries themselves budgeted $4.6 for each dollar budgeted by UNFPA. The report also highlights some of the emerging problems for the next 2 decades--and which will be high on the agenda of the 1984 conference. These include "uncontrolled urban growth" in developing countries as well as an important change in overall population age structure as more and more old people survive. Aging populations are of particular concern to the developed countries but, as the report points out, even countries like China--which has achieved a steep drop in fertility and mortality--will face the problems of an aging population by the year 2000.

Matched MeSH terms: Population Dynamics*

Demographic development in ASEAN: a comparative overview

Herrin AN, Pardoko H, Lim LL, Hongladorom C

Philipp Rev Econ Bus, 1981 Sep-Dec;18(3-4):132-53.

PMID: 12178278

Matched MeSH terms: Population Dynamics*

Migration and fertility in Malaysia: a tale of two hypotheses

Bach RL

Int Migr Rev, 1981;15(3):502-21.

PMID: 12337653

Matched MeSH terms: Population Dynamics*

Dynamic disequilibrium: demographic policies and trends in Asia