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Fulltext Is the phone call the most effective method for recall in cervical cancer screening?--results from a randomised control trial

Abdul Rashid RM, Mohamed M, Hamid ZA, Dahlui M

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2013;14(10):5901-4.
PMID: 24289597

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of different methods of recall for repeat Pap smear among women who had normal smears in the previous screening.
DESIGN: Prospective randomized controlled study.
SETTING: All community clinics in Klang under the Ministry of Health Malaysia.
PARTICIPANTS: Women of Klang who attended cervical screening and had a normal Pap smear in the previous year, and were due for a repeat smear were recruited and randomly assigned to four different methods of recall for repeat smear.
INTERVENTION: The recall methods given to the women to remind them for a repeat smear were either by postal letter, registered letter, short message by phone (SMS) or phone call.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Number and percentage of women who responded to the recall within 8 weeks after they had received the recall, irrespective whether they had Pap test conducted. Also the numbers of women in each recall method that came for repeat Pap smear.
RESULTS: The rates of recall messages reaching the women when using letter, registered letter, SMS and phone calls were 79%, 87%, 66% and 68%, respectively. However, the positive responses to recall by letter, registered letter, phone messages and telephone call were 23.9%, 23.0%, 32.9% and 50.9%, respectively (p<0.05). Furthermore, more women who received recall by phone call had been screened (p<0.05) compared to those who received recall by postal letter (OR=2.38, CI=1.56-3.62).
CONCLUSION: Both the usual way of sending letters and registered letters had higher chances of reaching patients compared to using phone either for sending messages or calling. The response to the recall method and uptake of repeat smear, however, were highest via phone call, indicating the importance of direct communication.
Study site: Klinik Kesihatan, Kelang, Selangor, Malaysia

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Compliance*
Relative validity of dietary patterns during pregnancy assessed with a food frequency questionnaire

Loy SL, Jan Mohamed HJ

Int J Food Sci Nutr, 2013 Sep;64(6):668-73.
PMID: 23594439 DOI: 10.3109/09637486.2013.787398

This study aimed to assess the relative validity of maternal dietary patterns derived from a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). A total of 162 pregnant women aged 19-40-years-old were enrolled from the Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) Birth Cohort Study in year 2010 and 2011. The FFQ was compared with three 24-h dietary recalls (DRs). Two major dietary patterns were derived from the principle component analysis which are labeled as Healthy and Less-Healthy patterns. The Pearson correlation coefficients between FFQ and DRs for Healthy and Less-Healthy patterns were 0.59 and 0.63, respectively. At least 45% of the participants were correctly classified into the same third from the FFQ and DR for both dietary patterns. The weighted kappa showed moderate agreement for Healthy pattern while good agreement for Less-Healthy pattern between these two dietary assessment methods. Our results indicate reasonable validity of the dietary patterns identified from the FFQ in pregnant women.

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Compliance/ethnology
Socio-demographic correlates of participation in mammography: a survey among women aged between 35- 69 in Tehran, Iran

Samah AA, Ahmadian M

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2012;13(6):2717-20.
PMID: 22938447

BACKGROUND: The rates of breast cancer have increased over the past two decades, and this raises concern about physical, psychological and social well-being of women with breast cancer. Further, few women really want to do breast cancer screening. We here investigated the socio-demographic correlates of mammography participation among 400 asymptomatic Iranian women aged between 35 and 69.
METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted at the four outpatient clinics of general hospitals in Tehran during the period from July through October, 2009. Bi-variate analyses and multi-variate binary logistic regression were employed to find the socio- demographic predictors of mammography utilization among participants.
RESULTS: The rate of mammography participation was 21.5% and relatively high because of access to general hospital services. More women who had undergone mammography were graduates from university or college, had full-time or part-time employment, were insured whether public or private, reported a positive family history of breast cancer, and were in the middle income level (P <0.01).The largest number of participating women was in the age range of 41 to 50 years. The results of multivariate logistic regression further showed that education (95%CI: 0.131-0.622), monthly income (95%CI: 0.038-0.945), and family history of breast cancer (95%CI: 1.97-9.28) were significantly associated (all P <0.05)with mammography participation.
CONCLUSIONS: The most important issue for a successful screening program is participation. Using a random sample, this study found that the potential predictor variables of mammography participation included a higher education level, a middle income level, and a positive family history of breast cancer for Iranian women after adjusting for all other demographic variables in the model.

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Compliance*
Fulltext Determinants of compliance behaviours among patients undergoing hemodialysis in Malaysia

Chan YM, Zalilah MS, Hii SZ

PLoS One, 2012;7(8):e41362.
PMID: 22870215 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0041362

BACKGROUND: Patients with end stage renal disease often fail to follow prescribed dietary and fluid regimen, leading to undesirable outcomes. This study aimed to examine and identify factors influencing dietary, fluid, medication and dialysis compliance behaviours in patients undergoing hemodialysis.
METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study which employed purposive sampling design. A total of 188 respondents were recruited from 14 dialysis centres in Malaysia between 2008-2011. Self-reported compliance behaviours and biochemical measurements were used as evaluation tools.
RESULTS: Compliance rates of dietary, fluid, medication and dialysis were 27.7%, 24.5%, 66.5% and 91.0%, respectively. Younger, male, working patients and those with longer duration on hemodialysis were found more likely to be non-compliant. Lacks of adequate knowledge, inadequate self-efficacy skills, forgetfulness and financial constraints were the major perceived barriers towards better compliance to fluid, dietary, medication and dialysis, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: Healthcare professionals should recognise the factors hindering compliance from the patients' perspective while assisting them with appropriate skills in making necessary changes possible.

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Compliance*
Does a written asthma action plan reduce unscheduled doctor visits in children?

Wong SS, Nathan AM, de Bruyne J, Zaki R, Mohd Tahir SZ

Indian J Pediatr, 2013 Jul;80(7):590-5.
PMID: 22798280 DOI: 10.1007/s12098-012-0839-0

The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of a written asthma action plan (WAAP) on reducing unscheduled doctor visits, asthma control and quality of life in children with all severities of asthma. This was a randomised controlled, single-blinded study whereby 80 children with asthma were randomly assigned to be either provided a WAAP or verbally counseled . The number of asthmatic exacerbations requiring unscheduled doctor visits, asthma control and quality of life were monitored over 9 mo. At the end of the study, there was no significant difference in the number of unscheduled doctor visits between the 2 groups (p = 0.352). There was no significant difference in asthma control or quality of life between both groups. Hence, the WAAP did not reduce unscheduled doctor visits, nor improve asthma control or quality of life in children with all severities of asthma.

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Compliance*
Fulltext A case control study in factors that affect mammogram compliance

Chan PY, Latip LS

Med J Malaysia, 2011 Dec;66(5):456-61.
PMID: 22390101 MyJurnal
Matched MeSH terms: Patient Compliance*
Fulltext The health seeking trajectories of Malaysian women and their husbands in delay cases of breast cancer: a qualitative study

Yusoff N, Taib NA, Ahmad A

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2011;12(10):2563-70.
PMID: 22320956

The aim of this study was to assess why women delay in getting treatment (i.e. surgery) for breast cancer, as well as to explore on what type of issues are involved in such delay cases. Basic interpretative of qualitative methodology was applied to construct the reality of delay phenomena, and its interaction with social worlds. Six themes were identified: new conception of breast cancer treatment, psychological defenses, health support system, symtomatology experience, model and barriers. The delay issue in breast cancer requires attention as a multidimensional problem as this will facilitate more comprehensive and effective intervention to reduce delay.

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Compliance/psychology*
A qualitative exploration of the reasons for the discontinuation of smoking cessation treatment among Quit Smoking Clinics' defaulters and health care providers in Malaysia

Lee ML, Hassali MA, Shafie AA

Res Social Adm Pharm, 2013 Jul-Aug;9(4):405-18.
PMID: 22835711 DOI: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2012.05.010

BACKGROUND: Treatment default among the smokers hinders the effectiveness of the delivery of cessation services. While many studies have predicted the defaulters' characteristics, the reasons why these smokers dropped out and continued smoking are seldom explored.
OBJECTIVES: This study examined the barriers encountered by such smokers and their respective health care providers (HCPs) in relation to the discontinuation of cessation treatment.
METHODS: From May 2010 to March 2011, 15 current adult smokers and 9 HCPs from 2 Quit Smoking Clinics (QSCs) in the Melaka Tengah District, Malacca, Malaysia were interviewed on smoking, cessation, and the QSC. Interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. The transcripts were subsequently translated into English and analyzed using thematic analysis.
RESULTS: The barriers encountered were categorized as Individual- and Clinic-level. Both smokers and HCPs acknowledged that the smokers' low intrinsic motivation was the individual-level barrier. The clinic-level barriers were the mismatched perceptions of smokers and HCPs regarding the HCPs' roles, skills, and attitudes, as well as the availability and efficacy of smoking cessation aids (SCAs). While the smokers viewed the program as not helpful, the HCPs cited the lack of organizational support as their main barrier.
CONCLUSIONS: The reasons for treatment default centered on the overall dissatisfaction with the treatment (due to the program, HCP, and SCA factors) combined with the smokers' low intrinsic motivation. Optimizing the interplay of the extrinsic motivational cues, such as the HCP and SCA factors, would complement the smoker's low intrinsic motivation and thus encourage treatment retention. However, it is necessary to strike a balance between the individual smoker's needs and the availability of organizational support.
KEYWORDS: Qualitative; Smoking cessation; Treatment discontinuation
Study site: Quite smoking clinics, Klinik Kesihatan Ayer Keroh, Hospital Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Compliance*
Influenza as an issue on the agenda of health care workers: what can we do? What do we need?

Vaccine, 2006 Nov 10;24(44-46):6791-2.
PMID: 17167887

ESWI recommends that the 25 European Union nations strive to vaccinate one-third of their collective population every year by 2010. This translates into an annual vaccine usage of 150 million doses for a population of 455 million. However, the current vaccine usage in Europe is 79 million doses, meaning that only 40% of ESWI's recommended target population is being vaccinated in the EU-25. Indeed, the EU's current risk groups equal about 28% of its population, but it is estimated that less than 62% are being vaccinated with the current vaccine supply--the equivalent of 17% of the total population. Clearly, as ESWI noted in its concluding position paper at the Malta conference, "a large proportion of those traditionally assumed to be at most risk from influenza are not being vaccinated." How to change this and minimize the consequences of a pandemic? "It's very interesting how the arithmetic works, given the goal of immunizing 75 percent of Europe's high-risk group, " said Dr K.Nichol of the University of Minnesota Medical Center who chaired the session. "If you go from a trivalent vaccine to a monovalent one, then you triple the number of doses you can manufacture. Thus, you could produce enough doses for the entire population of the EU." However, there is no coordinated approach in Europe, meaning such an optimistic scenario is unlikely in the medium-term. For the time being, emphasis must be on raising public awareness and raising vaccination rates at the local level, starting with health care workers themselves. Here the role and attitude of health policy officials and--critically--health care workers are crucial. These front-line policy and healthcare professionals constitute both the problem and the solution to a more effective influenza vaccine effort in Europe: they know first-hand the institutional obstacles blocking progress--i.e., lack of resources, poorly focused public information campaigns, etc.--but their own work practices and attitudes can be misdirected, too. To identify the issues and help the participants produce a set of recommendations, ESWI brought in Penny Lawson from to facilitate Dr.K. Nichol to steer this session's workshop debate. The participants were a diverse group of 35 health care workers from Australia, Finland, France, Germany, Malaysia, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Spain, Sweden and the UK.

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Compliance/statistics & numerical data
Patient satisfaction and medication adherence assessment amongst patients at the diabetes medication therapy adherence clinic

Bakar ZA, Fahrni ML, Khan TM

Diabetes Metab Syndr, 2016 Apr-Jun;10(2 Suppl 1):S139-43.
PMID: 27055354 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2016.03.015

AIMS: To determine the satisfaction and current adherence status of patients with diabetes mellitus at the diabetes Medication Therapy Adherence Clinic and the relationship between patient satisfaction and adherence.
METHODS: This cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out at three government hospitals in the state of Johor, Malaysia. Patient's satisfaction was measured using the Patient Satisfaction with Pharmaceutical Care Questionnaire; medication adherence was measured using the eight-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale.
RESULTS: Of n=165 patients, 87.0% of patients were satisfied with DMTAC service (score 60-100) with mean scores of 76.8. On the basis of MMAS, 29.1% had a medium rate and 26.1% had a high rate of adherence. Females are 3.02 times more satisfied with the pharmaceutical service compared to males (OR 3.03, 95% CI 1.12-8.24, p<0.05) and non-Malays are less satisfied with pharmaceutical care provided during DMTAC compared to Malays (OR 0.32, 95% CI 0.12-0.85, p<0.05). Older patients age group ≥60 years were 3.29 times more likely to adhere to their medications (OR 3.29, 95% CI 1.10-9.86, p<0.05). Females were the most adherent compared to males (OR 2.33, 95%CI 1.10-4.93, p<0.05) and patients with secondary level of education were 2.72 times more adherent to their medications compared to those in primary school and no formal education (OR 2.72, 95%CI 1.13-6.55, p<0.05). There is a significant (p<0.01), positive fair correlation (r=0.377) between satisfaction and adherence.
CONCLUSION: Patients were highly satisfied with DMTAC service, while their adherence levels were low. There is an association between patient satisfaction and adherence.
Keyword: Diabetes medication therapy adherence clinic (DMTAC)
Study site: Medication Therapy Adherence Clinic, Pharmacy, Hospitals, Johor, Malaysia

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Compliance*
Fulltext Medication noncompliance--a thriving problem

Aziz AM, Ibrahim MI

Med J Malaysia, 1999 Jun;54(2):192-9.
PMID: 10972029

A study was conducted among out-patients attending the Melaka Tengah Health Clinic to determine their compliance status towards antihypertensive, antidiabetic and antiasthmatic drugs. A total of 585 patients were enrolled in this study. Assessment of compliance was carried out using pill-counting and house-to-house interviews 14 days from the date of medication dispensed at the counter. The noncompliance rate among the 464 successfully interviewed patients was 56%. The mean noncompliance percentage was 78.0 +/- 43.1% (range: -10.0-314.3%). Among the four variables of compliance studied, race was not seen as a determinant of compliance. The older age group and those taking two or more drugs were statistically significant to be a noncomplier. Females were highly likely not to comply with drug therapy. Patients who conform to their refill dates were not really drug compliers. Forgetting to take their drugs and inability to read instructions on drug labels were the main reasons given. Underdosing was more common than overdosing, with an estimated cost of RM20,261.00 of unused medications per year.
Study site: Klinik Kesihatan Melaka Tengah, Melaka, Malaysia

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Compliance*
Compliance with treatment in schizophrenia: a drug intervention program in a developing country

Razali MS, Yahya H

Acta Psychiatr Scand, 1995 May;91(5):331-5.
PMID: 7639089

The compliance with drug regimens and follow-up visits of 225 known cases of relapsed schizophrenia was assessed. About 27% of the patients met the criteria for good compliance. The compliance was found to be significantly related to the patients' view of usefulness of the medication, treatment duration of less than 5 years, dosage schedule of once or twice per day and the supervision of medication at home. Patients with poor compliance who were prescribed drug dosage of not more than twice per day throughout follow-up and underwent counseling to enhance treatment compliance had a significantly lower relapse rate than the controlled group at the end of 1 year of follow-up. The importance of family support and understanding patients' cultural background in ensuring good compliance was highlighted.

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Compliance*
Factors associated with poor patient compliance with antituberculosis therapy in Northwest Perak, Malaysia

Chuah SY

Tubercle, 1991 Dec;72(4):261-4.
PMID: 1811356

A retrospective study of factors associated with poor patient compliance with antituberculosis therapy was conducted in Taiping, Perak. 219 patients were studied. Male patients and hospital referrals were significantly more likely to default. Patients with tuberculous lymphadenitis alone had a greater rate of default, but this just failed to reach significance (0.05 less than p less than 0.10). Six of 7 male hospital referrals with tuberculous lymphadenitis alone defaulted. Patients treated as outpatients from the start were more compliant. Housewives were also highly compliant. It was noticed that patients who defaulted tended to do so during early stages of treatment.

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Compliance*
Patient Perspective on Factors Contributing to Nonadherence to Dietary Therapy: A Qualitative Study in Multicultural Population of Kedah, Malaysia

Mohd Suan MA, Asli SE, Abdullah WM, Shafie Z, Johari NH

Int Q Community Health Educ, 2019 Jul;39(4):217-223.
PMID: 30587080 DOI: 10.1177/0272684X18821306

The purpose of this study is to explore diabetes patients' views on various factors contributing to nonadherence to dietary therapy. Using a qualitative approach, 17 in-depth interviews were conducted with type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah, Kedah state, Malaysia. All interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and translated before analysis. Thematic content analysis was used and three main themes emerged. The main factors that affect diabetes patients' dietary adherence were "individual preference," "family support," and "social and cultural activities." Difficulty to change the existing meals, poor family support, practice of eating out, and social and cultural gatherings were among the factors that influenced diabetes patients' adherence toward dietary therapy. Most challenges were related to the social role of food in the multicultural population. Therefore, in addition to the family and community involvement, dietary therapy should be individualized to improve patient adherence.

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Compliance/psychology*
Fulltext Impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on irritable bowel syndrome

Quek SXZ, Loo EXL, Demutska A, Chua CE, Kew GS, Wong S, et al.

J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2021 Aug;36(8):2187-2197.
PMID: 33615534 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.15466

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Gastrointestinal manifestations of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic may mimic irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and social distancing measures may affect IBS patients negatively. We aimed to study the impact of COVID-19 on respondents with self-reported IBS.
METHODS: We conducted an anonymized survey from May to June 2020 in 33 countries. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices on personal hygiene and social distancing as well as psychological impact of COVID-19 were assessed. Statistical analysis was performed to determine differences in well-being and compliance to social distancing measures between respondents with and without self-reported IBS. Factors associated with improvement or worsening of IBS symptoms were evaluated.
RESULTS: Out of 2704 respondents, 2024 (74.9%) did not have IBS, 305 (11.3%) had self-reported IBS, and 374 (13.8%) did not know what IBS was. Self-reported IBS respondents reported significantly worse emotional, social, and psychological well-being compared with non-IBS respondents and were less compliant to social distancing measures (28.2% vs 35.3%, P = 0.029); 61.6% reported no change, 26.6% reported improvement, and 11.8% reported worsening IBS symptoms. Higher proportion of respondents with no change in IBS symptoms were willing to practice social distancing indefinitely versus those who deteriorated (74.9% vs 51.4%, P = 0.016). In multivariate analysis, willingness to continue social distancing for another 2-3 weeks (vs longer period) was significantly associated with higher odds of worsening IBS.
CONCLUSION: Our study showed that self-reported IBS respondents had worse well-being and compliance to social distancing measures than non-IBS respondents. Future research will focus on occupational stress and dietary changes during COVID-19 that may influence IBS.

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Compliance*
The effect of mobile messaging apps on cardiac patient knowledge of coronary artery disease risk factors and adherence to a healthy lifestyle

Tang YH, Chong MC, Chua YP, Chui PL, Tang LY, Rahmat N

J Clin Nurs, 2018 Dec;27(23-24):4311-4320.
PMID: 29777560 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.14538

AIMS: To determine the effect mobile messaging apps on coronary artery disease patient knowledge of and adherence to a healthy lifestyle.
BACKGROUND: Due to the increasing incidence of coronary artery disease in recent years, interventions targeting coronary artery disease risk factors are urgent public priorities. The use of mobile technology in healthcare services and medical education is relatively new with promising future prospects.
DESIGN: This study used a quasiexperimental design that included pre- and posttest for intervention and control groups.
METHODS: The study was conducted from January-April 2017 with both intervention and control groups, in a teaching hospital in Klang Valley. Convenience sampling was used with inclusive criteria in choosing the 94 patients with coronary artery disease (intervention group: 47 patients; control group: 47 patients). The pretest was conducted as a baseline measurement for both groups before they were given standard care from a hospital. However, only the intervention group was given a daily information update via WhatsApp for 1 month. After 1 month, both groups were assessed with a posttest.
RESULTS: The split-plot ANOVA analysis indicates that there is a significant and positive effect of the intervention on coronary artery disease patients' knowledge on coronary artery disease risk factors [F(1, 92) = 168.15, p patients' adherence to a healthy lifestyle [F(1, 92) = 83.75, p patient's knowledge and subsequently increasing their adherence to healthy lifestyles.
RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: In clinical setting, mobile messaging apps are useful in information delivery and efficient patient monitory.

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Compliance*
Factors affecting compliance to hospital visit among clubfoot patients: A cross-sectional study from a tertiary referral clubfoot clinic in the developing country

Poudel RR, Kumar VS, Tiwari V, Subramani S, Khan SA

J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong), 2019 2 13;27(1):2309499019825598.
PMID: 30744526 DOI: 10.1177/2309499019825598

PURPOSE: Ensuring compliance to treatment protocol, especially regular visit to treating facility, is an important aspect of clubfoot management. However, the factors affecting compliance to follow-up schedule are myriad.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study was undertaken among caregivers of clubfoot patients from a tertiary referral clubfoot clinic in a developing country. Hospital records were reviewed to collect demographic data and subjects were classified as either "regular" or "irregular" if they missed ≤3 and >3 scheduled hospital visits, respectively. Various factors that could affect compliance such as family size, number of children, literacy of caregiver, occupation of breadwinner, and time taken to travel to hospital were studied. Caregivers were probed regarding the reason for their irregularity.
RESULTS: A total of 238 patients were included, of which 138 formed the "regular" group and the rest 100 formed the "irregular" group. Patients in the regular group were significantly younger (mean age 43.8 months) compared to the irregular group (59.8 months; p = 0.001). The mean follow-up period in the regular group was 28.1 months and in the irregular group was 33.8 months. On univariate analysis, age, duration of follow-up, and transport duration were found to be significant between the two groups. However, multivariate analysis revealed that female children with clubfoot are more likely to be irregular as compared to males ( p = 0.038).
CONCLUSION: In a developing country setting, higher age and being a female child are associated with irregularity to hospital visit protocol. At clubfoot clinics, identifying these children and counseling their caregivers might improve compliance.

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Compliance*
A randomised comparative study of Triquilar versus Marvelon: the Malaysian experience

Ismail MT

Malays J Reprod Health, 1991 Jun;9(1):9-17.
PMID: 12317444

PIP:
Health workers in Malaysia randomly assigned either a low-dose triphasic or a low-dose monophasic oral contraceptive (Triquilar and Marvelon, respectively) to 198 women to examine discontinuation rates and reasons for discontinuation. 15.3% of Triquilar women and 9.1% of Marvelon women forgot to take 1 pill at some time during the study while 6.1% and 3% forgot to take at least 3 consecutive pills. There were more complaints and/or complications among Triquilar women than among Marvelon women. The most serious complication was severe headaches (only 1 woman from each group). 2 women in the Marvelon group complained of either generalized itchiness or digestion impairment. Complaints of women in the Triquilar group included localized and generalized itchiness, weight gain, digestion impairment, dryness of vagina, and numbness of extremities. Women in the Triquilar group were more likely to have menstrual complaints than those in the Marvelon group (14.3% vs. 9.1%). The leading menstrual complaint in both groups was spotting (6.1% vs. 4%). No Marvelon women reported menorrhagia, scanty menses, or intermenstrual pelvic pain or discomfort while at least 1 woman did from the Triquilar group. The percentage of women with changes in complaints since admission were the same for both groups. Total discontinuation rates which included lost to follow ups were 46.9% and 40%, respectively. The most common reason for discontinuation for both groups was desired method change (11.2% Triquilar and 14.1% Marvelon). Method unrelated reasons (unable to return to clinic, moving/travel, and not interested in the study) were the next most common reason for discontinuation. 3 women conceived while taking Triquilar. These pregnancies were attributed to method failure, perhaps due to incomplete pituitary suppression. There were no accidental pregnancies in the Marvelon group.

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Compliance*
Fulltext The Mentakab hypertension study project. Part V--Drug compliance in hypertensive patients

Lim TO, Ngah BA, Rahman RA, Suppiah A, Ismail F, Chako P, et al.

Singapore Med J, 1992 Feb;33(1):63-6.
PMID: 1598610

Poor compliance with drug treatment is a barrier to effective management of hypertension. Drug compliance behaviour of 168 patients were studied, their drug compliance was measured by the pill-counting method. The prevalence of non-compliance with medication was 26%. Thirteen variables were examined for their association with compliance; these were age, sex, duration of hypertension since diagnosis, adequacy of blood pressure control, complexity of drug regimen and side-effect of drug, history of previous admission for hypertension related reason, patient's knowledge of hypertensive complications, patient's belief that drug was 'panas' or 'san', previous use of traditional treatment for hypertension, patient's fatalistic attitude, their social support and satisfaction with the health services. None of these variables were significantly related to compliance (p greater than 0.05) except adequacy of blood pressure control. The performance of patient self-report was compared with pill-count as a measure of drug compliance; it was poorly predictive of non-compliance (sensitivity = 71%, specificity = 50%). An inverse relationship was found between non-compliance with medication and patient subsequent drop-out rate. Patients who were compliant were more likely to remain on treatment and vice versa. As a measure of drug compliance, detection of drop-out compared well with pill-count (sensitivity 97%, specificity 66%, positive predictive value 89%, negative predictive value 88%).
Study site: outpatient clinic, Hospital Mentakab, Pahang, Malaysia

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Compliance*
Fulltext Association between well-being and compliance with COVID-19 preventive measures by healthcare professionals: A cross-sectional study

Shah SU, Xiu Ling Loo E, En Chua C, Sen Kew G, Demutska A, Quek S, et al.

PLoS One, 2021;16(6):e0252835.
PMID: 34097719 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252835

IMPORTANCE: Knowledge and attitude influence compliance and individuals' practices. The risk and protective factors associated with high compliance to these preventive measures are critical to enhancing pandemic preparedness.
OBJECTIVE: This survey aims to assess differences in mental health, knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of preventive measures for COVID-19 amongst healthcare professionals (HCP) and non-healthcare professionals.
DESIGN: Multi-national cross-sectional study was carried out using electronic surveys between May-June 2020.
SETTING: Multi-national survey was distributed across 36 countries through social media, word-of-mouth, and electronic mail.
PARTICIPANTS: Participants ≥21 years working in healthcare and non-healthcare related professions.
MAIN OUTCOME: Risk factors determining the difference in KAP towards personal hygiene and social distancing measures during COVID-19 amongst HCP and non-HCP.
RESULTS: HCP were significantly more knowledgeable on personal hygiene (AdjOR 1.45, 95% CI -1.14 to 1.83) and social distancing (AdjOR 1.31, 95% CI -1.06 to 1.61) compared to non-HCP. They were more likely to have a positive attitude towards personal hygiene and 1.5 times more willing to participate in the contact tracing app. There was high compliance towards personal hygiene and social distancing measures amongst HCP. HCP with high compliance were 1.8 times more likely to flourish and more likely to have a high sense of emotional (AdjOR 1.94, 95% CI (1.44 to 2.61), social (AdjOR 2.07, 95% CI -1.55 to 2.78), and psychological (AdjOR 2.13, 95% CI (1.59-2.85) well-being.
CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE: While healthcare professionals were more knowledgeable, had more positive attitudes, their higher sense of total well-being was seen to be more critical to enhance compliance. Therefore, focusing on the well-being of the general population would help to enhance their compliance towards the preventive measures for COVID-19.

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Compliance*

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