Displaying publications 561 - 580 of 1883 in total

Abstract:
Sort:
  1. Fulltext Blood pressure, body mass index, heart rate and levels of blood cholesterol and glucose of volunteers during National Heart Weeks, 1995-1997
    Khoo KL, Tan H, Liew YM, Sambhi JS, Aljafri AM, Hatijah A
    Med J Malaysia, 2000 Dec;55(4):439-50.
    PMID: 11221155
    The paper presents the results of a health screening programme conducted in 10 major centers in Malaysia--Kuala Lumpur, Penang, Ipoh, Johor Bahru, Alor Star, Kuala Terengganu, Malacca, Kota Bahru, Kuching and Kota Kinabalu during the National Heart Weeks, 1995-1997. There were 6,858 participants of both sexes aged between 6 years to 81 years old. The parameters involved in the screening programme were body mass index, blood pressure, heart rate, cholesterol and glucose. The following are the results of the study:- 1. The mean and standard deviation for the body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate (HR), total cholesterol (TC) and non fasting (random) blood glucose (GL) of the volunteers studied were 24.3 +/- 4.0 kg/m2, 128.3 +/- 21.1 mmHg, 79.6 +/- 11.9 mmHg, 77.2 +/- 12.1 bpm, 5.33 +/- 1.37 mmol/l and 5.11 +/- 1.97 mmol/l respectively. 2. There was a rising trend for BMI, SBP, DBP, TC and GL with age. The HR was higher in the younger age group of those below 20 years. Males tended to have higher mean values than females except for HR which was similar in both sexes. 3. The Malays, Chinese and Indians seemed to have closely similar mean values for SBP, DBP and HR but the Indians possessed the highest BMI (25.62 +/- 3.90 kg/m2), TC (5.61 +/- 1.48 mmol/l) and GL (5.41 +/- 2.43 mmol/l) among the three major ethnic groups. While the Ibans had highest TC (6.07 + 1.09 mmol/l), their GL level was the lowest (4.76 +/- 1.15 mmol/l). The Kadazans had the lowest TC level (4.94 +/- 1.39 mmol/l) among all the ethnic groups. 4. Among the participants screened, 31.9% were overweight (BMI > or = 25), 7.6% were obese (BMI > or = 30); 26.8% had raised SBP (> or = 140 mmHg) and 19.3% had raised DBP (> or = 90 mmHg); 13.6% of the participants had increased HR (> or = 90 bpm), 22% had raised TC (> or = 6.20 mmol/l) and 2% had raised GL (> or = 11.00 mmol/l). There was a higher prevalence for abnormal values with increasing age until between the ages of 60 or 70 years, when the values began to fall. 5. Age was positively correlated with SBP (r = 0.41***, df = 4351), DBP (r = 0.27***, df = 4351), TC (r = 0.22***, df = 3303) and GL (r = 0.16***, df = 2442) but negatively correlated with HR (r = -0.13***, df = 4351). The BMI was positively correlated with SBP (r = 0.29***, df = 2769), DBP (r = 0.31***, df = 2769), TC (r = 0.16***, df = 2137) and GL (r = 0.11**, df = 1637) but there was no correlation with HR (r = 0.03NS, df = 2771). The SBP and DBP were highly correlated with each other (r = 0.75***, df = 4351) and they also showed highly significant positive correlation (r = 0.08***-0.13***, df = 2441-3301) with TC and GL. TC was positively correlated with GL (r = 0.05* df = 2319) but only at the 5% probability level.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure*
  2. Evaluation and application of a simple and rapid method for the analysis of aflatoxins in commercial foods from Malaysia and the Philippines
    Ali N, Hashim NH, Yoshizawa T
    Food Addit Contam, 1999 Jul;16(7):273-80.
    PMID: 10656052
    For application to the analysis of aflatoxins (AF) in commercial peanut and corn products, the ISOLUTE multimode column (IMC, solid phase multifunctional column) method was validated by comparing with the modified Florisil column (MFC) method. Twenty-two peanut and eight corn products from Malaysia and the Philippines were analysed for AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2 firstly by the MFC method and then by the IMC method. For peanut products, 14 out of 22 samples were positive by the two methods in the range of 1-378 micrograms/kg of AF, and correlation coefficients (r) for AFB1 and AFB2 were 0.987 and 0.997, respectively. For corn and corn products, all the samples were positive in the range of 1-130 micrograms/kg, and r values were 0.992 and 0.805 for AFB1 and AFB2 respectively. Thus, the results were significantly (p < 0.01) in close agreement, particularly for lower range of 1-50 micrograms/kg of AF concentrations in all the samples. For the occurrence of AF, 11 (65%) of peanut products from Malaysia were contaminated with AF at a mean level of 50 micrograms/kg (maximum 180 micrograms/kg) and two (40% products from the Philippines were contaminated with as high as 375 micrograms/kg and 177 micrograms/kg of AF, respectively. All the corn products from the Philippines were contaminated with AF at a mean level of 44 micrograms/kg (maximum 130 micrograms/kg). Contamination of commercial foods with high levels of AF is a very important issue to both the countries since these foods are very popular among children.
    Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods
  3. The effect of bradykinin and its antagonist on survival time after coronary artery occlusion in hypertensive rats
    Abbas SA, Sharma JN, Yusof AP
    Immunopharmacology, 1999 Oct 15;44(1-2):93-8.
    PMID: 10604530
    It is known that BK does play a role in the cardioprotective effect of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. The present study therefore was conducted to examine the effects of bradykinin (BK) and its antagonist on survival time in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) with coronary artery ligation for 15 min and continuously. We also evaluated the heart rate and blood pressure (BP) in the presence and absence of BK and BK2 receptor antagonist, D-Arg-[Hyp-D-Phe7]BK. Coronary artery was ligated in anaesthetized rats and they were artificially ventilated with room air (stroke volume, 4 ml; 48 strokes/min) as described by the previous investigators. Lead II elecrocardiogram (ECG) was recorded from subcutaneous steel needle electrodes. Results of this investigation indicated that BK treatment 4 microg/kg (i.v.) and 8 microg/kg (i.v.) caused significant (P < 0.05) increase in survival time in SHR with coronary artery ligation for 15 min and continuously as compare to their respective saline-treated controls. However, BK antagonist treatment 4 microg/kg (i.v.) abolished the increase in survival time caused by BK treatment. The mean values of survival time between the saline-treated and BK antagonist plus BK-treated rats did not differ significantly (P > 0.05). The heart rate and BP responses were greatly reduced (P < 0.001) in the presence of coronary artery ligation. These findings suggest that BK might have cardioprotective effect to increase the survival time in rats by activating BK2 receptors after coronary artery ligation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure/drug effects
  4. Fulltext Phenylephrine eye drops in ophthalmic surgery--a clinical study on cardiovascular effects
    Chin KW, Law NM, Chin MK
    Med J Malaysia, 1994 Jun;49(2):158-63.
    PMID: 8090095
    Phenylephrine in concentrations of either 2.5% or 10% is widely used as a mydriatic agent in ophthalmic surgery. Its potential cardiovascular effects are seldom recorded as ophthalmic surgery is not usually monitored by an anaesthetist. A prospective randomised double blind study was carried out in 89 consecutive cases of uncomplicated cataract surgery in the presence of an anaesthesiologist ensuring the continuous monitoring of blood pressure, heart rate, electrocardiography and pulse oximetry. All these patients were given a drop of either normal saline, 2.5% or 10% phenylephrine in addition to mydriacyl prior to surgery. Blood pressure readings were found to be significantly higher in non-hypertensive patients receiving phenylephrine at the start of the operation and at five, 10, 15 and 20 minutes intra-operatively and the first three hours post-operatively. Blood pressure readings in hypertensive patients, on the other hand, were also found to increase after phenylephrine administration, though not statistically significant. 10.3% of the 10% phenylephrine group and 3% of the 2.5% phenylephrine group required intraoperative intravenous hypotensive agent to control the blood pressure. There were no arrhythmias or ischaemic changes observed intraoperatively. None of the patients complained of palpitation, headache or chest discomfort. There was no oxygen desaturation observed. We concluded that significant hypertensive effects can arise after phenylephrine eye drop administration. Hence, it should be used cautiously with intraoperative monitoring of the cardiovascular status during cataract surgery.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure/drug effects*
  5. Fulltext Spread of spinal anaesthesia with 0.5% bupivacaine: influence of the vertebral interspace and speed of injection
    Chin KW, Chin NM, Chin MK
    Med J Malaysia, 1994 Jun;49(2):142-8.
    PMID: 8090093
    Three millilitres of plain 0.5% bupivacaine were injected intrathecally at two different spinal interspaces (L2/3 and L4/5) and at two different speeds (15 and 30 sec) in four groups of ten patients. Injection at L2/3 over 15 sec produced a significantly higher mean maximum spread of analgesia (T6.4) when compared to injection at L4-5 over 15 sec (T10.3) (P < 0.05). Over the same interspace L2/3, injection over 15 sec also produced a higher level of spread as compared to the 30 sec group (p < 0.05). At 15 min there was a greater fall in blood pressure in the L2/3 15 sec group when compared to the other groups (p < 0.01). There was a further decrease in the blood pressure in L2/3 15 sec and L4/5 30 sec groups after 30 minutes of blockade (p < 0.01). Therefore close monitoring of cardiovascular parameters must be continued for at least 30 min in spinal anaesthesia with bupivacaine.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure/drug effects
  6. Fulltext Propofol and methohexitone for elective caesarean--a comparative study
    Miranda AF, Kyi W, Sivalingam N
    Med J Malaysia, 1992 Dec;47(4):280-6.
    PMID: 1303480
    Two identical groups of females underwent caesarean operations. One group was induced with propofol 2.04 (SD 0.023) mg per kilogram and the other group induced with methohexitone 1.05 (SD 0.15) mg per kilogram body weight. Maintenance of anaesthesia was identical in both groups. Post-intubation blood pressure in the methohexitone group was significantly raised whereas with propofol the changes were not significant. There were no significant differences in the Apgar scores, uterine contractility and umbilical venous or arterial blood gases. There was a significant difference in the analgesic requirement in the first hour of the post-operative period; in the propofol group, patients needed less analgesia compared to the methohexitone group. There was no maternal awareness in both groups.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure/drug effects
  7. Comparison of propofol and methohexitone as an induction agent in anaesthesia for electroconvulsive therapy
    Lim SK, Lim WL, Elegbe EO
    West Afr J Med, 1996 Oct-Dec;15(4):186-9.
    PMID: 9020593
    30 patients who received electroconvulsive therapy were anaesthetized with either Propofol or Methohexitone in a randomized cross-over study. Recovery times were shorter in those who received Propofol. The decrease in diastolic pressure after induction was greater with Propofol than with Methohexitone. There was a greater increase in the blood pressure after the electroconvulsive therapy in those who received Methohexitone. The duration of convulsion was similar for both agents.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure/drug effects
  8. Fulltext Unilateral superior ophthalmic vein thrombosis in a user of oral contraceptives
    Jaais F, Habib ZA
    Med J Malaysia, 1994 Dec;49(4):416-8.
    PMID: 7674980
    A patient on oral contraceptives over several years developed unilateral proptosis, haemorrhagic retinopathy and increase in intraocular pressure. An orbital vein venogram confirmed the diagnosis of right superior ophthalmic vein thrombosis. There was complete resolution of thrombosis and eye signs and symptoms with discontinuation of the oral contraceptive.
    Matched MeSH terms: Intraocular Pressure/drug effects
  9. Postural behaviour of intraocular pressure following trabeculoplasty
    Singh M, Kaur B
    Int Ophthalmol, 1992 May;16(3):163-6.
    PMID: 1452420
    Postural behaviour of intraocular pressure (IOP) was studied in 29 glaucomatous eyes before and after argon laser trabeculoplasty (ALT) and compared with that of 60 normal eyes. Although argon laser trabeculoplasty was successful in lowering the IOP below 21 mm Hg, it produced little effect on the postural behaviour of the IOP. No significant change was observed in the amplitude of postural rise of IOP in ALT treated eyes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Intraocular Pressure/physiology*
  10. Cardiovascular effects in the rat of dihydrocorynantheine isolated from Uncaria callophylla
    Chang P, Koh YK, Geh SL, Soepadmo E, Goh SH, Wong AK
    J Ethnopharmacol, 1989 Apr;25(2):213-5.
    PMID: 2747255
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure/drug effects
  11. Fulltext Althesin therapy - an adjunct for intracranial pressure control regimes? A preliminary report
    Delilkan AE, Namazie M
    Med J Malaysia, 1983 Mar;38(1):39-42.
    PMID: 6633333
    A retrospective report (1970-1980) on patients (non-head injuries and head-injuries) admitted with cerebral ischaemia into the intensive therapy unit is presented. The principles of management to reduce and control intracranial pressure are outlined. Since 1978 continuous intravenous infusion with Althesin has been used instead of barbiturates in the regime. Mortality rate fell from 83.7 percent (1970-1977) to 43.7 percent (1978-1980) for non head injury patients and from 72.1 percent (1970-1977) to 45.6 percent (1978-1980) in the head injured group, the differences between the periods being statistically significant. The possible influencing factors are mentioned. The quality of salvage and survival requires investigation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Intracranial Pressure/drug effects*
  12. Contribution of kinin system to the antihypertensive action of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors
    Sharma JN
    Adv Exp Med Biol, 1989;247A:197-205.
    PMID: 2690588
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure/drug effects*
  13. Fulltext Effect of vasoactive agents on chronic saline loaded anaesthetised rats
    Gan EK, Tan JSK
    Med J Malaysia, 1981 Jun;36(2):112-5.
    PMID: 7343819
    Male albino rats were chronically loaded with sodium by giving 1% NaCl solution as the sole source of drinking water. Daily fluid intake, daily urinary output and daily Na+ and K+ excretion rates were compared with control rats receiving tap water for six weeks. At the end ofsix weeks, sodium loaded animals were found to have raised plasma Na+ concentration, lowered plasma K+ concentration and lowered haematocrit value. Sodium loaded rats were also significantly more responsive to the pressor effect of submaximal doses of adrenaline, noradrenaline and angiotensin II given intravenously. It is concluded that the increase in sensitivity to adrenaline and noradrenaline may be due to changes in EGF and alterations of plasma electrolytes concentration. For angiotensin II, additionally, it may be due to low circulating endogenous angiotensin II, consequent of reduction in renin release attributed to chronic sodium loading.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure/drug effects
  14. Fulltext Cardiovascular and metabolic responses to isometric exercise of athletes and non-athletes
    Rajikin MH
    Med J Malaysia, 1980 Sep;35(1):46-52.
    PMID: 6973059
    Seven non-anthletes [21-26 yrs] and five athletes [23-29 yrs] have participated in the study of cardiovascular and metabolic responses to 15 minutes isometric leg exercise at 15% of each of their maximal voluntary contraction force [MVC]. Oxygen consumption [V02 ]. heart rate [HR] and blood pressure (BP]. were measured during resting. exercise and recovery! periods. The results show that there were a significant increase in V02. HR and BP of the two groups studied during exercise, but no significant difference between groups has been found. This study indicates that although cardiovascular response between the rwo groups was not significantly different, 15 minutes isometric leg exercise at 15% MVC has challenged this system in a such a way to fulfill the metabolic requirement of the
    working muscle ill both groups. This finding was
    discussed in light of the available literatures.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure*
  15. Fulltext Nadolol (Corgard) in severe and resistant hypertension
    Sidek Nontak MA
    Med J Malaysia, 1981 Sep;36(3):181-5.
    PMID: 6120443
    A total of 12 severely hypertensive patients were treated with a once daily dose ofNadolol. There was a drop in diastolic pressure to a mean of 105 mm Hg standing within two weeks and this was well maintained up to 12 months of therapy, the lowest diastolic pressure being 94 mm Hg standing at six months of therapy. Nadolol produced no significant side effects and bradycardia was not a problem during treatment. Of the eleven patients who were resistant to previous therapy because of various reasons all except two responded excellently. One of the non responders has real resistance to therapy and the other is non compliant. Nadolol is found to be an effective once daily treatment for severe and resistant hypertension.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure/drug effects
  16. Rapid intravenous induction followed by self-applied cricoid pressure and rapid intubation
    Liew RP
    Med J Malaysia, 1973 Dec;28(2):94-8.
    PMID: 4276224
    Matched MeSH terms: Pressure*
  17. Determination of plasma concentrations of dapsone, monoacetyl dapsone and pyrimethamine in human subjects dosed with maloprim
    Jones CR, Ovenell SM
    J. Chromatogr., 1979 Jun 11;163(2):179-85.
    PMID: 541369
    A high-performance liquid chromatographic method was developed to enable dapsone, monoacetyl dapsone and pyrimethamine to be measured simultaneously in plasma samples from volunteers in England and Malaysia who had been dosed with Maloprim. Mean half-lives of 25 and 80 h were calculated for dapsone and pyrimethamine, respectively, but there was wide individual variation. All subjects were found to be classifiable as "slow acetylators".
    Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods*
  18. Postural blood pressure electrocardiographic changes are associated with falls in older people
    Saedon NI, Zainal-Abidin I, Chee KH, Khor HM, Tan KM, Kamaruzzaman SK, et al.
    Clin Auton Res, 2016 Feb;26(1):41-8.
    PMID: 26695401 DOI: 10.1007/s10286-015-0327-5
    To determine the magnitude of postural blood pressure change, differences in ECG between fallers and non-fallers were measured. Postural blood pressure change is associated with symptoms of dizziness, presyncope, and syncope.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure/physiology*
  19. Fulltext The Prevalence of Orthostatic Hypotension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
    Saedon NI, Pin Tan M, Frith J
    J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 2020 01 01;75(1):117-122.
    PMID: 30169579 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/gly188
    BACKGROUND: Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is associated with increased risk of falls, cognitive impairment and death, as well as a reduced quality of life. Although it is presumed to be common in older people, estimates of its prevalence vary widely. This study aims to address this by pooling the results of epidemiological studies.

    METHODS: MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, and ProQuest were searched. Studies were included if participants were more than 60 years, were set within the community or within long-term care and diagnosis was based on a postural drop in systolic blood pressure (BP) ≥20 mmHg or diastolic BP ≥10 mmHg. Data were extracted independently by two reviewers. Random and quality effects models were used for pooled analysis.

    RESULTS: Of 23,090 identified records, 20 studies were included for community-dwelling older people (n = 24,967) and six were included for older people in long-term settings (n = 2,694). There was substantial variation in methods used to identify OH with differing supine rest duration, frequency and timing of standing BP, measurement device, use of standing and tilt-tables and interpretation of the diagnostic drop in BP. The pooled prevalence of OH in community-dwelling older people was 22.2% (95% CI = 17, 28) and 23.9% (95% CI = 18.2, 30.1) in long-term settings. There was significant heterogeneity in both pooled results (I2 > 90%).

    CONCLUSIONS: OH is very common, affecting one in five community-dwelling older people and almost one in four older people in long-term care. There is great variability in methods used to identify OH.

    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure/physiology*
  20. Molecular dynamics of thermoenzymes at high temperature and pressure: a review
    Abedi Karjiban R, Lim WZ, Basri M, Abdul Rahman MB
    Protein J, 2014 Aug;33(4):369-76.
    PMID: 24871480 DOI: 10.1007/s10930-014-9568-8
    Lipases are known for their versatility in addition to their ability to digest fat. They can be used for the formulation of detergents, as food ingredients and as biocatalysts in many industrial processes. Because conventional enzymes are frangible at high temperatures, the replacement of conventional chemical routes with biochemical processes that utilize thermostable lipases is vital in the industrial setting. Recent theoretical studies on enzymes have provided numerous fundamental insights into the structures, folding mechanisms and stabilities of these proteins. The studies corroborate the experimental results and provide additional information regarding the structures that were determined experimentally. In this paper, we review the computational studies that have described how temperature affects the structure and dynamics of thermoenzymes, including the thermoalkalophilic L1 lipase derived from Bacillus stearothermophilus. We will also discuss the potential of using pressure for the analysis of the stability of thermoenzymes because high pressure is also important for the processing and preservation of foods.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pressure*
Related Terms
Filters
Contact Us

Please provide feedback to Administrator ([email protected])

External Links