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Fulltext Stability analysis and optimal control of covid-19 with convex incidence rate in Khyber Pakhtunkhawa (Pakistan)

Khan A, Zarin R, Hussain G, Ahmad NA, Mohd MH, Yusuf A

Results Phys, 2021 Jan;20:103703.
PMID: 33520623 DOI: 10.1016/j.rinp.2020.103703

The dynamic of covid-19 epidemic model with a convex incidence rate is studied in this article. First, we formulate the model without control and study all the basic properties and results including local and global stability. We show the global stability of disease free equilibrium using the method of Lyapunov function theory while for disease endemic, we use the method of geometrical approach. Furthermore, we develop a model with suitable optimal control strategies. Our aim is to minimize the infection in the host population. In order to do this, we use two control variables. Moreover, sensitivity analysis complemented by simulations are performed to determine how changes in parameters affect the dynamical behavior of the system. Taking into account the central manifold theory the bifurcation analysis is also incorporated. The numerical simulations are performed in order to show the feasibility of the control strategy and effectiveness of the theoretical results.

Matched MeSH terms: Research Design
Reverse Micellar System in Protein Recovery - A Review of the latest developments

Sankaran R, Bong JH, Chow YH, Wong FWF, Ling TC, Show PL

Curr Protein Pept Sci, 2019 Jun 28.
PMID: 31264547 DOI: 10.2174/1389203720666190628142203

Reversed micellear system (RMS) is an innovative technique used for the isolation, extraction and purification of proteins and enzymes. Studies have demonstrated that RMS is an efficient purification technology for extracting proteins and enzymes from natural plant materials or fermentation broth. Lately, reverse micelles have created wider biological applications and with the ease of scaling up and the possibility for continuous process has made RMS a vital purification technique in various field. In this study, an extensive review of RMS with the current application in biotechnology will be examined. This review provides insights with the fundamental principles, key variables and parameters of RMS. In addition, a comparative study of RMS with other liquid-liquid extraction techniques are included. The present review aims to provide a general overview of RMS by summarising the research works, since the introduction of the technology to current development.

Matched MeSH terms: Research
Fulltext Prospective stem cell lines as in vitroneurodegenerative disease models for natural product research

Nur Izzati Mansor, Nuratiqah Azmi, Ling, King-Hwa, Rozita Rosli, Zurina Hassan, Norshariza Nordin

Neuroscience Research Notes, 2019;2(1):16-30.
MyJurnal

The use of in vitromodel for screening pharmacological compounds or natural products has gained global interest. The choice of cells to be manipulated plays a vital role in coming up with the best-suitedmodel for specific diseases, including neurodegenerativediseases (ND). A good in vitro ND model should provide appropriate morphological and molecular features that mimic ND conditions where it can be used to screen potential properties of natural products in addition to unravelling the molecular mechanisms of ND. In this mini review, we intend to demonstrate two prospective stem cell lines as the potential cell source for in vitroND model and compare them to the commonly used cells. The common source of cells that have been usedas the in vitroND models is discussedbefore going into details talking about the two prospective stem cell lines.

Matched MeSH terms: Research
Fulltext CABARAN PEKERJA SOSIAL DALAM MENGENDALIKAN PENGURUSAN KES PENDERAAN KANAK-KANAK DI TASKA

NANTHINI RAMALINGAM, KHADIJAH ALAVI

UMT Journal of Undergraduate Research, 2021;3(1):99-100.
MyJurnal

Peningkatan kes penderaan kanak-kanak sehingga kematian kanak-kanak amat membimbangkan keluarga dan masyarakat. Artikel ini akan membahaskan tentang cabaran pekerja sosial dalam melindungi penderaan kanak-kanak di taska. Kajian lepas amat kurang mengkaji isu penderaan kanak-kanak di taska. Kajian ini dijalankan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif berpandukan kajian fenomenologi. Teknik pengumpulan data kajian melalui temubual berstruktur secara bertulis. 6 orang informan terdiri daripada pekerja sosial telah dipilih bagi kajian ini dengan menggunakan teknik persampelan bertujuan (purposive sampling). Lokasi kajian yang dipilih ialah taska sekitar Bandar Baru Bangi. Data temubual berstruktur dianalisis secara tematik dan hasil kajian mendapati terdapat tiga cabaran utama iaitu pertama praktis kerja sosial, konflik profesion dan kemahiran dalam mengendalikan pengurusan kes penderaan kanak-kanak. Implikasi kajian ini mencadangkan program kaunseling individu dan kelompok kepada pekerja sosial dan penting meningkatkan latihan dalam kemahiran mengendalikan pengurusan kes penderaan kanak-kanak yang semakin kompleks dan kritikal di masa depan.

Matched MeSH terms: Research Design
Fulltext ADAPTIVE TIME-STEPPING FOR RUNGE-KUTTA METHODS FOR ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

CHUA KAH WAI, LOY KAK CHOON, RUWAIDIAH IDRIS

UMT Journal of Undergraduate Research, 2021;3(1):25-36.
MyJurnal

Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs) are usually used in numerous fields especially in solving the modelling problem. Numerical methods are one of the vital mathematical tools to solve the ODEs that appear in various modelling problems by determining the approximation solution close to the in exact solution if it exists. Runge-Kutta methods (RK) are the numerical methods used to integrate the ODEs by applying multistage methods at the midpoint of an interval which can efficiently produce a more accurate result or small magnitude of error. We proposed Runge-Kutta methods (RK) to solve the 1st_ order nonlinear stiff ODEs. The RK methods used in this research are known as the RK-2, RK-4, and RK-5 methods. We proved the existence and uniqueness of the ODEs before we solved it numerically. We also proved the absolute-stability of the RK methods to determine the overall stability of these methods. We found two suitable test cases which are the standard test problem and manufactured solution. We proved that by combining the adaptive step size with RK methods can result in more efficient computation. We implemented the 2nd_, 4th_ and 5th_ order of RK methods with step size adaptively algorithm to solve the test problem and manufactured solution via Octave programming language. The resulting numerical error and the stability of each method can be studied. We compared our results using several error plots versus the Central Processing Unit (CPU) time required to compute a given nonlinear 1st_ order stiff ODE problem. In a conclusion, RK methods which combine with the adaptive step size can result in more efficient computation and accuracy compare with the fixed step size RK methods.

Matched MeSH terms: Research Design
Engaging with people living with HIV: challenges experienced by Malaysian counsellors

Tuan Abdullah TN, Mat Min R

AIDS Care, 2021 06;33(6):795-800.
PMID: 32338043 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2020.1757024

People living with HIV (PLHIV) suffer from mental issues and need emotional support. Counselling is a part of HIV and AIDS care and management, and provides emotional support to PLHIV. Knowledge about HIV and AIDS care and management is not part of the counselling training curriculum in Malaysia. This study aims to explore the challenges experienced by registered counsellors who engage in counselling sessions with PLHIV. A total of five counsellors participated in this qualitative research. Data were gathered through a series of semi-structured interviews, and each of the interviews was conducted within one and half hours. Each of the participants was interviewed three times. The interviews were audio-recorded with the consent of the participants. The emergent themes were further explored in subsequent interviews until thematic saturation was reached, and data were analysed based on the grounded theory approach. The findings showed that lack of knowledge, limited training, and stigma among the registered counsellors contributed to resistance and poor trust among the PLHIV. Knowledge concerning the care and management of HIV and AIDS can be incorporated in a counselling training programme, and ongoing training related to HIV and AIDS are required.

Matched MeSH terms: Qualitative Research
Fulltext A qualitative study of governance predicament on dengue prevention and control in Malaysia: the elite experience

Manaf RA, Mahmud A, Ntr A, Saad SR

BMC Public Health, 2021 05 06;21(1):876.
PMID: 33957870 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10917-3

BACKGROUND: The challenges faced by healthcare personnel in relation to dengue prevention and control are perennial but noticeably unexplored. It is often difficult to translate policies and decision making by the elite into astute management in consonance with the needs of rank-and-file personnel. In this study, we assess the impact of governance on dengue prevention and control activities in Malaysia as narrated by the elite.
METHODS: A qualitative study using a case-study approach was conducted between January 2019 and November 2019 in the districts of Gombak and Klang, where the relevant key informants were located. Nineteen interviews were conducted among elite healthcare personnel from different divisions: management, vector, laboratory, inspectorate, health promotion and entomology. Semi-structured interviews were conducted. The sample size was determined through saturation point criteria. Purposive sampling techniques were used to recruit the participants. The interviews were audio recorded, and the transcribed text was analysed with deductive thematic analysis.
RESULTS: Data analysis led to the development of 5 themes and 13 categories. The major principles of governance were embodied in a milieu of predicament, linked to constraints but also opportunities. The constraints resulted from inherent determinants of dengue outbreaks, the serviceability of governing policies and the macro-economics of budget allocation. The opportunities to sustain governance at the local operating level stem from a prevalent supportive internal management system, collaborative efforts among corresponding external government agencies and willingness to innovate and embrace novel technology.
CONCLUSION: Elites are influential, often well-informed personnel tasked with making decisions that can reverberate across an organisation, impacting future plans and strategic policies. Political arrangements at higher levels will reflect in advance the tone of how governance in dengue prevention and control is operationalised by entities and individuals at lower levels of the health system. The prevailing centralised structure in the Malaysian health system will continue to entrench the position of the elite and intertwine it with governance and its predicaments.

Matched MeSH terms: Qualitative Research
Fulltext GOLD PRICE FORECASTING USING BOX-JENKINS METHOD

NUR ATIKAH KHALID, NURFADHLINA ABDUL HALIM

UMT Journal of Undergraduate Research, 2019;1(3):15-27.
MyJurnal

In general, the nature of gold that acts as a hedge against inflation and its stable price over the course of the financial crisis has made it a unique commodity. Priceforecasts are a must for gold producers, investors and central bank to know the current trends in gold prices. Forecasting the future value of a variableis often done with time series analysis method. This study was conducted to determine the best model for forecasting gold commodity prices as well as forecasting world gold commodity prices in 2018 using Box-Jenkins approach. The data used in this study wasobtained from Investing.Com from 2015 until 2017. Thisstudy shows that ARIMA (1,1,1) is the best model to predict gold commodity prices based on Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE). MAPE value for ARIMA (1,1,1) is 0.02%, where this value proves that forecasting using ARIMA (1,1,1) is the best forecasting becauseMAPE value is less than 10%.

Matched MeSH terms: Research Design
Fulltext Digital Technologies in the Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) Industry-A Bibliometric-Qualitative Literature Review of Research Activities

Manzoor B, Othman I, Pomares JC

Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2021 06 06;18(11).
PMID: 34204147 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18116135

Digital technologies (DTs) are proven helpful in the Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) industry due to their varied benefits to project stakeholders, such as enhanced visualization, better data sharing, reduction in building waste, increased productivity, sustainable performance and safety improvement. Therefore, researchers have conducted various studies on DTs in the AEC industry over the year; however, this study explores the state-of-the-art research on DTs in the AEC industry by means of a bibliometric-qualitative review method. This research would uncover new knowledge gaps and practical needs in the domain of DTs in the AEC industry. In addition, bibliometric analysis was carried out by utilizing academic publications from Scopus (i.e., 11,047 publications for the AEC industry, 1956 for DTs and 1778 for DTs in the AEC industry). Furthermore, a qualitative review was further conducted on 200 screened selected research publications in the domain of DTs. This study brings attention to the body of knowledge by envisioning trends and patterns by defining key research interests, journals, countries, new advancements, challenges, negative attitudes and future directions towards DTs in the AEC industry. However, this study is the first in its vital importance and uniqueness by providing a broad updated review of DTs in the AEC literature. Furthermore, this research laid a foundation for future researchers, policy makers and practitioners to explore the limitations in future research.

Matched MeSH terms: Research
Fulltext Health literacy experiences of multi-ethnic patients and their health-care providers in the management of type 2 diabetes in Malaysia: A qualitative study

Abdullah A, Liew SM, Ng CJ, Ambigapathy S, V Paranthaman PV

Health Expect, 2020 10;23(5):1166-1176.
PMID: 32686277 DOI: 10.1111/hex.13095

BACKGROUND: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) require adequate health literacy to understand the disease and learn self-management skills to optimize their health. However, the prevalence of limited health literacy is high in patients with T2DM, especially in Asian countries.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore experiences related to health literacy in Asian patients with T2DM.
DESIGN: This is a qualitative study using in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. A framework analysis was used to analyse the data.
SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: articipants (n = 24) were multi-ethnic patients with T2DM (n = 18) and their primary health-care providers (n = 6). This study was conducted in four primary health-care clinics in Malaysia.
RESULTS: Nine subthemes were identified within the four dimensions of health literacy: accessing, understanding, appraising and applying information.
DISCUSSION: Motivated patients actively sought information, while others passively received information shared by family members, friends or even strangers. Language and communication skills played important roles in helping patients understand this information. Information appraisal was lacking, with patients just proceeding to apply the information obtained. Patients' use of information was influenced by their self-efficacy, and internal and external barriers.
CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the experiences of multi-ethnic patients with T2DM regarding health literacy were varied and heavily influenced by their cultures.

Matched MeSH terms: Qualitative Research
Fulltext Owner-manager Characteristics Influence on the Smes Innovation Orientation of SME's: A Literature Exploration

Ahmad Aminu Daneji, Kamran Shavarebi, Jeffrey Boon Hui Yap

International Journal of Innovation and Industrial Revolution, 2019;1(2):1-11.
MyJurnal

The firm’s involvement in innovation became a necessary attribute for firms to remain competitive and successful. However, innovation is still considered a hallmark of large firms only. The literature on SME's involvement in innovation is scant and needs further exploration regarding the innovation process in the SME firms. This paper aims to hint the gap of knowledge related to the association between the owner-manager characteristics and innovation orientation at the SMEs. A review of relevant literature was exhausted for the achievement of the study objective. The findings of the study highlight that to fully explore the innovation process at the SME level, there is a need to divide the innovation concept into innovation creation and innovation adoption as two discrete concepts effected by the owner-manager personal characteristics. Literature hints at these two conceptualizations of the innovation among SMEs, but empirical examination is non-existence. Therefore, this work recommends future research endeavors to empirically examining the direction and strength of the relationship between owner-manager characteristics and SME's innovation performance in terms of creation and adoption. Moreover, literature and policy direction can be drawn from the respective research activities.

Matched MeSH terms: Research
A Lean Approach to Evaluating Prescribing Errors in Medication Reconciliation

Putra Y, Yusof MM

Stud Health Technol Inform, 2021 May 27;281:814-815.
PMID: 34042691 DOI: 10.3233/SHTI210288

We evaluated medication reconciliation processes of a qualitative case study at a 1000-bed public hospital. Lean tools were applied to identify factors contributing to prescribing errors and propose process improvement. Errors were attributed to the prescriber's skills, high workload, staff shortage, poor user attitude and rigid system function. Continuous evaluation of medication reconciliation efficiency is imperative to identify and mitigate errors and increase patient safety.

Matched MeSH terms: Qualitative Research
Late blight in tomato: insights into the pathogenesis of the aggressive pathogen Phytophthora infestans and future research priorities

Mazumdar P, Singh P, Kethiravan D, Ramathani I, Ramakrishnan N

Planta, 2021 May 08;253(6):119.
PMID: 33963935 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-021-03636-x

MAIN CONCLUSION: This review provides insights into the molecular interactions between Phytophthora infestans and tomato and highlights research gaps that need further attention. Late blight in tomato is caused by the oomycota hemibiotroph Phytophthora infestans, and this disease represents a global threat to tomato farming. The pathogen is cumbersome to control because of its fast-evolving nature, ability to overcome host resistance and inefficient natural resistance obtained from the available tomato germplasm. To achieve successful control over this pathogen, the molecular pathogenicity of P. infestans and key points of vulnerability in the host plant immune system must be understood. This review primarily focuses on efforts to better understand the molecular interaction between host pathogens from both perspectives, as well as the resistance genes, metabolomic changes, quantitative trait loci with potential for improvement in disease resistance and host genome manipulation via transgenic approaches, and it further identifies research gaps and provides suggestions for future research priorities.

Matched MeSH terms: Research
Fulltext Inter-professional ethical values in Iranian aged care: a qualitative study

Hosseinabadi R, Abolfathi Momtaz Y, Mohammdi Shahboulaghi F, Abbaszadeh A, Ali Akbari Kamrani A, Pournia Y

Med Glas (Zenica), 2020 Feb 01;17(1):206-215.
PMID: 31432658 DOI: 10.17392/1049-20

Aim Ethical values are the basis of the behaviour and performance of professional care staff. This study aimed to identify inter-professional ethical values in aged care. Methods This qualitative thematic content analysis study was conducted in Khorramabad, Iran, from September 2018 to June 2109, and 36 core members of the aged care team (including 24 nurses, 5 physicians, 3 physiotherapists, and 4 social workers) were selected through the purposive sampling method and interviewed in depth. The data were analysed using the directed content analysis and the method of Zhang and Wildemuth. Results Four main themes of providing professional care, preserving the integrity of the aged, observing the dignity of the aged, establishing human relationship, along with 21 subthemes were extracted as ethical values in aged care. Conclusion The results of this study indicate that providing ethical aged care is influenced by the specific conditions of this age group. In addition to general ethical values such as providing professional care, providing ethical aged care is based on ethical values such as promoting social interaction, promoting peace and comfort, preserving and promoting independence, and autonomy in aged care. Promoting collaborative care and paying more attention to the human dimensions of communication and interaction were other emphasized values.

Matched MeSH terms: Qualitative Research
Fulltext Cube polygon: a new modified Euler method to improve electric circuit efficiency

Nurhafizah Moziyana Mohd Yusop, Nooraida Samsudin, Nooraida Samsudin, Anis Shahida Mokhta, Siti Rohaidah Ahmad, Mohd Fahmi Mohammad Amran, et al.

ZULFAQAR International Journal of Defence Science, Engineering & Technology, 2020;3(1):8-14.
MyJurnal

Euler method is a numerical order process for solving problems with the Ordinary Differential Equation (ODE). It is a fast and easy way. While Euler offers a simple procedure for solving ODEs, problems such as complexity, processing time and accuracy have driven others to use more sophisticated methods. Improvements to the Euler method have attracted much attention resulting in numerous modified Euler methods. This paper proposes Cube Polygon, a modified Euler method with improved accuracy and complexity. In order to demonstrate the accuracy and easy implementation of the proposed method, several examples are presented. Cube Polygon’s performance was compared to Polygon’s scheme and evaluated against exact solutions using SCILAB. Results indicate that not only Cube Polygon has produced solutions that are close to identical solutions for small step sizes, but also for higher step sizes, thus generating more accurate results and decrease complexity. Also known in this paper is the general of the RL circuit due to the ODE problem.

Matched MeSH terms: Research Design
Fulltext Path finding of static indoor mobile robot via AOR iterative method using harmonic potentials

A'qilah Ahmad Dahalan, Azali Saudi, Jumat Sulaiman

ZULFAQAR International Journal of Defence Science, Engineering & Technology, 2020;3(2):18-24.
MyJurnal

Mobile robots often have to discover a path of collision-free towards a specific goal point in their environment. We are trying to resolve the mobile robot problem iteratively by means of numerical technique. It is built on a method of potential field that count on the use of Laplace’s equation in the mobile robot’s configuration space to constrain/which reduces the generation of a potential function over regions. This paper proposed an iterative approach in solving robot path finding problem known as Accelerated Over-Relaxation (AOR). The experiment shows that these suggested approach can establish a smooth path between the starting and goal points by engaging with a finite-difference technique. The simulation results also show that a more rapidly solution with smoother path than the previous work is achieved via this numerical approach.

Matched MeSH terms: Research Design
Fulltext Modeling the Characteristics of Unhealthy Air Pollution Events: A Copula Approach

Masseran N

Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2021 08 19;18(16).
PMID: 34444503 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168751

This study proposes the concept of duration (D) and severity (S) measures, which were derived from unhealthy air pollution events. In parallel with that, the application of a copula model is proposed to evaluate unhealthy air pollution events with respect to their duration and severity characteristics. The bivariate criteria represented by duration and severity indicate their structural dependency, long-tail, and non-identically marginal distributions. A copula approach can provide a good statistical tool to deal with these issues and enable the extraction of valuable information from air pollution data. Based on the copula model, several statistical measurements are proposed for describing the characteristics of unhealthy air pollution events, including the Kendall's τ correlation of the copula, the conditional probability of air pollution severity based on a given duration, the joint OR/AND return period, and the conditional D|S and conditional S|D return periods. A case study based on air pollution data indices was conducted in Klang, Malaysia. The results indicate that a copula approach is beneficial for deriving valuable information for planning and mitigating the risks of unhealthy air pollution events.

Matched MeSH terms: Research Design
Fulltext Effect of chemical treatment on the surface of natural fiber

Nor Azwin Ahad, Noraziana Parimin, Norsuria Mahmed, Siti Sarah Ibrahim, Khairul Nizzam, Ying, Mon Ho

Journal of Nuclear and Related Technologies, 2009;2009(1):0-0.
MyJurnal

Currently, research in composite materials is being directed at using natural fibers instead of synthetics fibers. The use of natural fibers, derived from annually renewable resources, as reinforcing fibers in matrix provides positives environmental benefits with respect to ultimate disposability and raw material utilization. Natural fiber offers an alternative to the technical reinforcing fibers because of their low density, good mechanical performance, ultimate availability and disposability. Modifying the fiber surface by using chemical treatment can enhance bond strength between fiber and matrix. Chemical treatment also an effective way to clean the fiber surface, chemically modify the surface and increase the surface roughness. Surface analyses on fiber for before and after treatment were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Matched MeSH terms: Research
An exploratory study of a potential framework for mutual recognition agreement (MRA)

Subramaniam, Selva Ranee, Raja Suzana Raja Kasim, Ramlee Ismail

CREAM : Current Research in Malaysia (Penyelidikan Terkini di Malaysia), 2012;1(1):89-124.
MyJurnal

The pursuit for higher degrees is accelerating in the country. With mushrooming foreign and local graduates from non-university and university status institutions, it is critical to explore the types of qualification awarded and the existing platform for recognition and accreditation purposes. The objectives of this study are: (i) to gather information with regard to current policies and practices pertaining to recognition and accreditation systems of the higher education sector, with specific reference to Malaysia and china (ii) to review the existing policy between accreditation and recognition agencies/providers and (iii) to recommend best practices, guidelines and strategies for practical implementation in Malaysia. The methodology pursuit in Malaysia and china involved inspection of documents and purposive interviews. The research was implemented from May 2009 to november 2009. The results of the research revealed that though the worldview of mutual recognition agreement is to liberalise the education sector, the authentic situations prevailing in the country requires the purposive liberalization of the education sector, with periodic reviews for its appropriateness and relevance for the needs of the country (provisional and conditional), thereby ensuring regulatory, review and quality sustainability. The customized regulatory framework would be a prerequisite (conditional), with due attention be given to either implicit or explicit conditions in the recognition of academic degrees. In deliberating the mutual recognition agreement with jurisdiction including those which are more educationally advanced, selective emerging 'niche' areas and/or supportive (conditional) have been proposed. Finally, to strengthen the existing regulatory frame work, innovative provision in this legal framework is recommended.

Matched MeSH terms: Research
Failure analysis of composite laminate based on experiment-simulation integration

Jamaluddin Mahmud, Ahmad Kamil Hussain, Norzihan Rahimi, Mastura Abdul Rahim

CREAM : Current Research in Malaysia (Penyelidikan Terkini di Malaysia), 2013;2(2):7-22.
MyJurnal

The finite element method is gaining acceptance in predicting mechanical response of various loading configurations and material orientations for failure analysis of composite laminates. Both fabrication of laminate samples and experimental procedures are often expensive and time consuming, and hence impractical, especially during the initial design stage. Finite element analyses require minimal amounts of input data, and the resulting stress and strain distributions can be determined throughout each individual ply. Using ANSYSTM, a commercially available finite element package, failure loads were predicted by simulating a uniaxial tensile loading on HTS40/977-2 Carbon/Epoxy composite with [+/-4512s lamination scheme. Two built-in failure theories in ANSYSTM features, viz., Maximum Stress and Tsai-Wu were applied in the simulation. The stress-strain and load-extension curves for both actual testing and FEA were then compared and the results are in good agreement. This paper is intended for researchers who have used or are considering using ANSYSTM for the prediction of failure in composite materials.

Matched MeSH terms: Research Personnel

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