Displaying publications 381 - 400 of 1133 in total

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  1. Dow T, ElAbd R, McGuire C, Corkum J, Youha SA, Samargandi O, et al.
    J Reconstr Microsurg, 2023 Sep;39(7):526-539.
    PMID: 36577497 DOI: 10.1055/a-2003-8789
    BACKGROUND:  Free flap reconstruction of the lower limb following trauma often suffers higher complication rates than other areas of the body. The choice of muscle or fasciocutaneous free flap is an area of active debate.

    METHODS:  A systematic review of EMBASE, MEDLINE, PubMed, and Cochrane Register from inception to April 1, 2022 was performed. Articles were assessed using the methodological index for non-randomized studies instrument. The primary outcome was to assess and compare the major surgical outcomes of partial or total flap failure, reoperation, and amputation rates.

    RESULTS:  Seventeen studies were included. All studies were retrospective in nature, of level three evidence, and published between 1986 and 2021. The most common muscle and fasciocutaneous free flaps used were latissimus dorsi flap (38.1%) and anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap (64.8%), respectively. Meta-analysis found no significance difference in rates of total flap failure, takeback operations, or limb salvage, whereas partial flap failure rate was significantly lower for fasciocutaneous flaps. The majority of studies found no significant difference in complication rates, osteomyelitis, time to fracture union, or time to functional recovery. Most, 82.4% (14/17), of the included studies were of high methodological quality.

    CONCLUSION:  The rate of total flap failure, reoperation, or limb salvage is not significantly different between muscle and fasciocutaneous free flaps after lower limb reconstruction following trauma. Partial flap failure rates appear to be lower with fasciocutaneous free flaps. Outcomes traditionally thought to be managed better with muscle free flaps, such as osteomyelitis and rates of fracture union, were comparable.

    Matched MeSH terms: Lower Extremity/injuries
  2. Nabil S, Nordin R, Rashdi MF
    J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2022 Nov;80(11):1784-1794.
    PMID: 36049531 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2022.07.144
    PURPOSE: The unprotected nature of motorcycle riding exposes motorcyclists to an elevated risk of sustaining facial soft tissue injuries (STIs); however, its link with underlying facial bone fractures remains unexplored. The purpose of this study is to determine whether the type and site of STI sustained by motorcyclists were associated with the presence of underlying facial bone fractures.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study of patients identified from the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department of Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center trauma census who had motorcycle-related injury and met the inclusion criteria. The primary predictor variable was the type (laceration, contusion, abrasion, and no injuries) and site of STIs sustained. The site of the facial STI was categorized as per 17 different zones based upon the modified MCFONTZL classification. The primary outcome variable was the presence or absence of facial bone fractures as determined from the computed tomography scan. Descriptive and bivariate statistics were computed to measure the association between sustaining facial bone fractures and type/site of STI.

    RESULTS: Seventy three patients (65 men and 8 women) were included in this study. The average age was 31.9 years (standard deviation ± 13.6) with a range of 18 to 70 years. There were 1,241 facial zones being assessed with 285 (23%) and 214 (17%) zones having STI and fractures, respectively. Laceration (124/285, 43%) and the orbital zone (53/285, 19%) were the most common type and site of STI, respectively, among motorcyclists. Facial bone fractures are more commonly seen following STI in the midface (71% of STI had fractures) compared to upper face (53%) and lower face (31%). Sustaining laceration type of STI was not associated with a higher rate of facial bone fracture when compared with other type of STI (54.8% vs 55.9%, P = .858) with the exception of laceration in the frontal zone (42.9% vs 10.5%, P = .022).

    CONCLUSIONS: The different types of STI in the facial area cannot be used as a predictor for sustaining underlying facial bone fractures.

    Matched MeSH terms: Facial Bones/injuries
  3. Aziz I, Che Ramli MD, Mohd Zain NS, Sanusi J
    PMID: 25152764 DOI: 10.1155/2014/871657
    Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating disease that leads to permanent disability and causes great suffering. The resulting neurological dysfunction and paralysis is proportional to the severity of the trauma itself. Spirulina is widely used as a nutritional supplement due to its high protein and antioxidant content. In the present study, the protective effect of the Spirulina treatment on locomotor function and morphological damage after SCI was investigated. Seventy Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into three groups: Sham (laminectomy alone), Control (laminectomy with SCI), and Experimental (laminectomy with SCI +180 mg/kg per day Spirulina platensis). A laminectomy was performed at T12 and an Inox No.2 modified forceps was used to perform a partial crush injury on the spinal cord. The rats were then perfused at 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after injury for morphological investigations. The injured rat spinal cord indicated a presence of hemorrhage, cavity, and necrosis. Pretreatment with Spirulina significantly improved the locomotor function and showed a significant reduction on the histological changes. The experimental results observed in this study suggest that treatment with Spirulina platensis possesses potential benefits in improving hind limb locomotor function and reducing morphological damage to the spinal cord.
    Matched MeSH terms: Spinal Cord Injuries; Crush Injuries
  4. Raffali MAA, Azmi MI, Muhammad SF, Che Hassan HH
    BMJ Case Rep, 2024 Apr 29;17(4).
    PMID: 38684352 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2024-260649
    A man in his 20s with no medical illness sustained a blunt chest injury with pneumothorax and lung contusion after involving in a motorbike accident. Five days postadmission, he subsequently had myocardial infarction with cardiac arrest, in which coronary angiogram and intravascular ultrasound showed diffused multivessel coronary artery dissection.
    Matched MeSH terms: Coronary Vessels/injuries
  5. Chandran S
    Br J Ophthalmol, 1974 Aug;58(8):757-60.
    PMID: 4433488
    Matched MeSH terms: Macula Lutea/injuries
  6. CLYNE AJ
    Br Med J, 1954 Jul 03;2(4878):10-6.
    PMID: 13160514
    Matched MeSH terms: Wounds and Injuries*
  7. Hassan R, Abd Aziz A, Md Ralib AR, Saat A
    Malays J Med Sci, 2011 Jan;18(1):60-7.
    PMID: 22135575 MyJurnal
    The spleen is one of the organs most frequently injured in blunt abdominal trauma. Computed tomography (CT) scanning can accurately detect splenic injury and is currently the imaging modality of choice in assessing clinically stable patients with blunt abdominal trauma. The CT features of spleen injury include lacerations, subcapsular or parenchymal haematomas, active haemorrhage, and vascular injuries. We present a pictorial review of the spectrum of CT findings for blunt splenic injuries. This article will be a useful reference for radiologists and surgeons as CT scan is widely used for the assessment of splenic injuries and contributes to the current trend towards nonsurgical management of this injury.
    Matched MeSH terms: Abdominal Injuries; Vascular System Injuries
  8. Aithal Padur A, Kumar N, Lewis MG, Sekaran VC
    Surg Radiol Anat, 2021 Dec;43(12):2039-2046.
    PMID: 34570285 DOI: 10.1007/s00276-021-02837-z
    PURPOSE: Morphometric analysis of the patella and the patellar ligament is crucial in diagnosing and surgical corrections of knee injuries and patellofemoral joint disorders. Dimensions of the patella and the patellar ligament are frequently used in implant design and ACL reconstruction. This study aims to obtain detailed morphometric data on the patellar ligament and its localization based on gross anatomical dissections in the adult cadavers.

    METHODS: The present study consisted of 50 lower limbs from formalin-fixed male adult cadavers aged about 70 years (45-85) belonging to the South Indian population. Total length of the quadriceps tendon, patellar height, patellar ligament height, proximal width, distal width and thickness of the patellar ligament were measured meticulously. Mean, standard deviation, median scores of each parameter were computed for groups using SPSS 16.0. Level of significance was considered as p 

    Matched MeSH terms: Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries*
  9. Anjum A, Cheah YJ, Yazid MD, Daud MF, Idris J, Ng MH, et al.
    Biol Res, 2022 Dec 09;55(1):38.
    PMID: 36494836 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-022-00407-0
    BACKGROUND: Excitotoxicity-induced in vivo injury models are vital to reflect the pathophysiological features of acute spinal cord injury (SCI) in humans. The duration and concentration of chemical treatment controls the extent of neuronal cell damage. The extent of injury is explained in relation to locomotor and behavioural activity. Several SCI in vivo methods have been reported and studied extensively, particularly contusion, compression, and transection models. These models depict similar pathophysiology to that in humans but are extremely expensive (contusion) and require expertise (compression). Chemical excitotoxicity-induced SCI models are simple and easy while producing similar clinical manifestations. The kainic acid (KA) excitotoxicity model is a convenient, low-cost, and highly reproducible animal model of SCI in the laboratory. The basic impactor approximately cost between 10,000 and 20,000 USD, while the kainic acid only cost between 300 and 500 USD, which is quite cheap as compared to traditional SCI method.

    METHODS: In this study, 0.05 mM KA was administered at dose of 10 µL/100 g body weight, at a rate of 10 µL/min, to induce spinal injury by intra-spinal injection between the T12 and T13 thoracic vertebrae. In this protocol, detailed description of a dorsal laminectomy was explained to expose the spinal cord, following intra-spinal kainic acid administration at desired location. The dose, rate and technique to administer kainic acid were explained extensively to reflect a successful paraplegia and spinal cord injury in rats. The postoperative care and complication post injury of paraplegic laboratory animals were also explained, and necessary requirements to overcome these complications were also described to help researcher.

    RESULTS: This injury model produced impaired hind limb locomotor function with mild seizure. Hence this protocol will help researchers to induce spinal cord injury in laboratories at extremely low cost and also will help to determine the necessary supplies, methods for producing SCI in rats and treatments designed to mitigate post-injury impairment.

    CONCLUSIONS: Kainic acid intra-spinal injection at the concentration of 0.05 mM, and rate 10 µL/min, is an effective method create spinal injury in rats, however more potent concentrations of kainic acid need to be studied in order to create severe spinal injuries.

    Matched MeSH terms: Spinal Cord Injuries*
  10. Ayanniyi AA, Fasasi MK
    Malays J Med Sci, 2013 Jan;20(1):88-91.
    PMID: 23613660
    A hot water burn is a thermal injury that results in cell death. Thermal eye injury triggers inflammatory processes, including inflammatory cell influx and/or the activation of various inflammatory cells, which result in the rapid accumulation of extravascular fluid in the ocular tissue. The ocular effect depends on the temperature of the water, and the final visual outcome depends on the severity of the damage to the intraocular structures. We report a 23-year-old woman who experienced a facial hot water burn that resulted in blindness. The patient presented late to the hospital after the unsuccessful use of traditional medication. Facial burns are a known cause of blindness. Public health education on prompt hospital presentation, and resistance to the use of potentially harmful traditional medicine in facial burns is suggested.
    Matched MeSH terms: Eye Injuries; Facial Injuries
  11. Ahmad R, Zaini IZ, Mohamed NA, Roslanuddin MS
    PMID: 24050106
    Peripheral vascular injuries result from penetrating or blunt trauma to the extremities. We describe here an unusual cause of a radial artery injury by the spine from the pectoral fin of Pangasius sutchi in a 51 year-old man and we review the literature.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radial Artery/injuries*
  12. Eshraghi A, Abu Osman NA, Karimi M, Gholizadeh H, Soodmand E, Wan Abas WA
    PLoS One, 2014;9(5):e96988.
    PMID: 24865351 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096988
    Prosthetic suspension system is an important component of lower limb prostheses. Suspension efficiency can be best evaluated during one of the vital activities of daily living, i.e. walking. A new magnetic prosthetic suspension system has been developed, but its effects on gait biomechanics have not been studied. This study aimed to explore the effect of suspension type on kinetic and kinematic gait parameters during level walking with the new suspension system as well as two other commonly used systems (the Seal-In and pin/lock). Thirteen persons with transtibial amputation participated in this study. A Vicon motion system (six cameras, two force platforms) was utilized to obtain gait kinetic and kinematic variables, as well as pistoning within the prosthetic socket. The gait deviation index was also calculated based on the kinematic data. The findings indicated significant difference in the pistoning values among the three suspension systems. The Seal-In system resulted in the least pistoning compared with the other two systems. Several kinetic and kinematic variables were also affected by the suspension type. The ground reaction force data showed that lower load was applied to the limb joints with the magnetic suspension system compared with the pin/lock suspension. The gait deviation index showed significant deviation from the normal with all the systems, but the systems did not differ significantly. Main significant effects of the suspension type were seen in the GRF (vertical and fore-aft), knee and ankle angles. The new magnetic suspension system showed comparable effects in the remaining kinetic and kinematic gait parameters to the other studied systems. This study may have implications on the selection of suspension systems for transtibial prostheses. Trial registration: Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials IRCT2013061813706N1.
    Matched MeSH terms: Leg Injuries/rehabilitation*; Tibia/injuries
  13. Ahmad SS, Seng CW, Ghani SA, Lee JF
    J Emerg Trauma Shock, 2013 Oct;6(4):293-5.
    PMID: 24339666 DOI: 10.4103/0974-2700.120384
    An 11-year-old boy was involved in an injury with a fish-hook to his eye. The hook had impaled itself to the cornea and deeper structures. There was associated corneal edema and hyphema, making visualization difficult. In this case, we performed the unusual "cut-it-out" technique to remove the hook from the eye.
    Matched MeSH terms: Corneal Injuries
  14. Jacob S, Boveda S, Bar O, Brézin A, Maccia C, Laurier D, et al.
    Int J Cardiol, 2013 Sep 1;167(5):1843-7.
    PMID: 22608271 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2012.04.124
    Interventional cardiologists (ICs) are exposed to X-rays and may be at risk to develop cataract earlier than common senile cataract. Excess risk of posterior subcapsular cataract, known as radiation-induced, was previously observed in samples of ICs from Malaysia, and Latin America. The O'CLOC study (Occupational Cataracts and Lens Opacities in interventional Cardiology) was performed to quantify the risk at the scale of France.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiation Injuries/diagnosis; Radiation Injuries/etiology; Radiation Injuries/epidemiology*
  15. Sharifuddin A, Adnan J, Ghani AR, Abdullah JM
    Med J Malaysia, 2012 Jun;67(3):305-8.
    PMID: 23082423 MyJurnal
    This was a prospective observational study done to evaluate the role of a repeat head CT in patients with mild traumatic brain injury. The aim was to evaluate wether the repeat head CT were useful in providing information that leads to any neurosurgical intervention. 279 adult patients with a mild head injury (GCS 13-15) were enrolled, and these comprised of patients with an initial traumatic intracranial haemorrhage not warranting any surgical intervention. All patients were subjected to a repeat head CT within 48 hours of admission and these showed no change or improvements of the brain lesion in 217 patients (79.2%) and worsening in 62 patients (20.8%). In thirty-one patients, surgical intervention was done following the repeat head CT. All of these patients had a clinical deterioration prior to the repeat head CT. Even if a repeat head CT had not been ordered on these patients, they would have had a repeat head CT due to deteriorating neurological status. When the 62 patients with a worsening repeat head CT were compared with the 217 patients with an improved or unchanged repeat head CT, they were found to have older age, lower GCS on admission, presenting symptoms of headache, higher incidence of multiple traumatic intracranial pathology and lower haemoglobin level on admission. On stepwise multiple logistic regression analysis, three factors were found to independently predict a worse repeat head CT (Table IV). This includes age of 65 years or older, GCS score of less than 15 and multiple traumatic intracranial lesion on initial head CT. As a conclusion, we recommend that, in patients with a MTBI and a normal neurological examination, a repeat cranial CT is not indicated, as it resulted in no change in management or neurosurgical intervention. Close monitoring is warranted in a subset of patients with risk factors for a worsening repeat head CT.
    Keywords: Computed tomography, brain injury, Hospital Sultanah Aminah, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Brain Injuries/complications; Brain Injuries/radiography*; Brain Injuries/surgery
  16. Murad MS, O'brien L, Farnworth L, Chien CW
    Scand J Occup Ther, 2013 Mar;20(2):101-10.
    PMID: 22967302 DOI: 10.3109/11038128.2012.720276
    Workers with musculoskeletal disorders undertaking Malaysia's return to work (RTW) programmes may experience challenges in occupational competence (OC) and negative emotional states (NES). This study aimed to measure and examines the OC and NES of the workers by comparing specific comparison groups and groups of different phases. A total of 76 participants were recruited from a national RTW programme and categorized into three groups based on different RTW phases: off-work (n = 22), re-entry (n = 31), and maintenance (n = 23). Self-report questionnaires consisted of the Occupational Self Assessment version 2.2 and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21. Results showed that injured workers exhibited significantly lower OC in comparison with an international group with various disabilities. In contrast, there was significantly higher NES when compared with Malaysia's general population. Significant differences in OC and NES were also found between workers in the three RTW phases. In particular, OC and NES in the off-work and re-entry phases were significantly lower (OC) and higher (NES) than in the maintenance phase. Furthermore, there was a moderate, negative correlation between OC and NES in the off-work and re-entry phase groups. This indicated that low levels of perceived OC were associated with higher levels of NES.
    Matched MeSH terms: Musculoskeletal System/injuries*; Wounds and Injuries/psychology
  17. Thevi T, Mimiwati Z, Reddy SC
    Nepal J Ophthalmol, 2012;4(2):263-70.
    PMID: 22864032 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nepjoph.v4i2.6542
    To determine the factors affecting the visual outcome in patients with open globe injuries of eye.
    Matched MeSH terms: Eye Injuries, Penetrating/diagnosis; Eye Injuries, Penetrating/physiopathology*; Eye Injuries, Penetrating/surgery
  18. Shadli RM, Pieter MS, Yaacob MJ, Rashid FA
    Brain Inj, 2011;25(6):596-603.
    PMID: 21534737 DOI: 10.3109/02699052.2011.572947
    The influence of apolipoprotein (APOE) on neuropsychological outcome was investigated in 19 patients (25.79 ± 7.22 years) with mild-to-moderate traumatic brain injury and 14 matched healthy control subjects (27.43 ± 6.65 years).
    Matched MeSH terms: Brain Injuries/genetics*; Brain Injuries/epidemiology; Brain Injuries/physiopathology
  19. Tay LX, Ahmad RE, Dashtdar H, Tay KW, Masjuddin T, Ab-Rahim S, et al.
    Am J Sports Med, 2012 Jan;40(1):83-90.
    PMID: 21917609 DOI: 10.1177/0363546511420819
    Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent a promising alternative form of cell-based therapy for cartilage injury. However, the capacity of MSCs for chondrogenesis has not been fully explored. In particular, there is presently a lack of studies comparing the effectiveness of MSCs to conventional autologous chondrocyte (autoC) treatment for regeneration of full-thickness cartilage defects in vivo.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cartilage, Articular/injuries*; Knee Injuries/surgery*
  20. Liew BS, Johari SA, Nasser AW, Abdullah J
    Med J Malaysia, 2009 Dec;64(4):280-8.
    PMID: 20954551
    Patients with isolated severe head injury with diffuse axonal injury and without any surgical lesion may be treated safely without cerebral resuscitation and intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring. Seventy two patients were divided into three groups of patients receiving treatment based on ICP-CPP-targeted, or conservative methods either with or without ventilation support. The characteristics of these three groups were compared based on age, gender, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), pupillary reaction to light, computerized tomography scanning according to the Marshall classification, duration of intensive care unit (ICU) stays, Glasgow Outcome Score (GOS) and possible complications. There were higher risk of mortality (p < 0.001), worse GCS improvement upon discharge (p < 0.001) and longer ICU stays (p = 0.016) in ICP group compared to Intubation group. There were no significant statistical differences of GOS at 3rd and 6th months between all three groups.
    Matched MeSH terms: Brain Injuries/mortality; Brain Injuries/physiopathology; Brain Injuries/therapy*
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