Displaying publications 21 - 40 of 102 in total

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  1. Fulltext Hair Cortisol in Twins: Heritability and Genetic Overlap with Psychological Variables and Stress-System Genes
    Rietschel L, Streit F, Zhu G, McAloney K, Frank J, Couvy-Duchesne B, et al.
    Sci Rep, 2017 Nov 10;7(1):15351.
    PMID: 29127340 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11852-3
    Hair cortisol concentration (HCC) is a promising measure of long-term hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity. Previous research has suggested an association between HCC and psychological variables, and initial studies of inter-individual variance in HCC have implicated genetic factors. However, whether HCC and psychological variables share genetic risk factors remains unclear. The aims of the present twin study were to: (i) assess the heritability of HCC; (ii) estimate the phenotypic and genetic correlation between HPA axis activity and the psychological variables perceived stress, depressive symptoms, and neuroticism; using formal genetic twin models and molecular genetic methods, i.e. polygenic risk scores (PRS). HCC was measured in 671 adolescents and young adults. These included 115 monozygotic and 183 dizygotic twin-pairs. For 432 subjects PRS scores for plasma cortisol, major depression, and neuroticism were calculated using data from large genome wide association studies. The twin model revealed a heritability for HCC of 72%. No significant phenotypic or genetic correlation was found between HCC and the three psychological variables of interest. PRS did not explain variance in HCC. The present data suggest that HCC is highly heritable. However, the data do not support a strong biological link between HCC and any of the investigated psychological variables.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hair/metabolism*
  2. Fulltext Griscelli syndrome
    Ariffin H, Geikowski A, Chin TF, Chau D, Arshad A, Abu Bakar K, et al.
    Med J Malaysia, 2014 Aug;69(4):193-4.
    PMID: 25500851 MyJurnal
    We report a case of Griscelli Syndrome (GS). Our patient initially presented with a diagnosis of haemophagocytic lymphistiocytosis (HLH). Subsequent microscopic analysis of the patient's hair follicle revealed abnormal distribution of melanosomes in the shaft, which is a hallmark for GS. Analysis of RAB27A gene in this patient revealed a homozygous mutation in exon 6, c.550C>T, p.R184X . This nonsense mutation causes premature truncation of the protein resulting in a dysfunctional RAB27A. Recognition of GS allows appropriate institution of therapy namely chemotherapy for HLH and curative haemotopoeitic stem cell transplantation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hair Follicle
  3. Natural ingredients in cosmetics from Malaysian plants: a review
    Hasmida Mohd-Nasir, Siti Hamidah Mohd-Setapar
    Sains Malaysiana, 2018;47:951-959.
    Consumer consciousness on the concept of natural-based ingredients triggers the natural cosmetics market to grow. The
    active compounds in natural ingredients offer valuable bioactivities such as antioxidant, photoprotection, anti-aging
    and anti-inflammatory actions that useful for skincare, hair care and dental care. This review presents an overview on
    natural ingredient, especially plant-derived, used in cosmetic products and the examples of Malaysian plants used for
    cosmetic purposes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hair
  4. Phytotoxic activity of the allelochemical, 2,4-Di-Tert-Butylphenol on two selected weed species
    Chuah TS, Norhafizah MZ, Naimah AH, Ismail BS
    Sains Malaysiana, 2016;45:963-967.
    The allelochemical 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol (2,4-DTBP) is one of the natural compounds present in medicinal plants.
    This compound has been reported to possess herbicidal properties. However, its effect on weed growth parameters is
    unknown for it to be utilized in weed management. Hence, the herbicidal potential of the allelochemical 2,4-DTBP on the
    root and leaf tissues of the grassy weed, Leptochloa chinensis (L.) Nees and the broadleaf weed, Hedyotis verticillata
    (L.) Lam was investigated. After 2,4-DTBP treatment, both bioassay species had abnormal and much shorter root hairs
    compared to those of untreated plants. The roots of H. verticillata were severely damaged with the root nodes turned
    brown. The phytotoxic effect of 2,4-DTBP on L. chinensis and H. verticillata became apparent at seven days and 14 days
    after treatment with symptoms of lamina wilting and necrosis, respectively. These results demonstrated that 2,4-DTBP
    could be used as a natural herbicide for the control of L. chinensis and H. verticillata.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hair
  5. A New Human-Biting Black Fly Species of Simulium (Simulium) (Diptera: Simuliidae) From Thailand
    Takaoka H, Srisuka W, Saeung A
    J Med Entomol, 2017 Jul 01;54(4):945-948.
    PMID: 28399286 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjx064
    Simulium (Simulium) umphangense, a new human-biting species of black fly, is described based on females captured while attacking humans in western and central Thailand. The female of this new species is similar to those of S. (S.) indicum Becher, S. (S.) nigrogilvum Summers, and S. (S.) vanellum Huang et al. in the Simulium griseifrons species-group of the subgenus Simulium Latreille in having the frons densely covered with golden-yellow short hairs, a character rarely found in the subgenus Simulium. This new species is readily distinguished from the three related species by having a darkened fore tibia, a bare subcosta (or rarely with a few hairs), and an ovipositor valve not protruded posteriorly. Additional diagnostic characters of this new species are noted. This is the seventh human-biting species of black fly in Thailand.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hair
  6. Valorization of Human Hair and Its Derivatives in Tissue Engineering: A Review
    Vitus V, Ibrahim F, Wan Kamarul Zaman WS
    Tissue Eng Part C Methods, 2022 10;28(10):529-544.
    PMID: 35350873 DOI: 10.1089/ten.TEC.2021.022333
    Human hair is a potential biomaterial for biomedical applications. Improper disposal of human hair may pose various adverse effects on the environment and human health. Therefore, proper management of human hair waste is pivotal. Human hair fiber and its derivatives offer various advantages as biomaterials such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, low toxicity, radical scavenging, electroconductivity, and intrinsic biological activity. Therefore, the favorable characteristics of human hair have rendered its usage in tissue engineering (TE) applications including skin, cardiac, nerve, bone, ocular, and periodontal. Moreover, the strategies by utilizing human hair as a biomaterial for TE applications may reduce the accumulation of human hair. Thus, it also improves human hair waste management while promoting natural, environmental-friendly, and nontoxic materials. Furthermore, promoting sustainable materials production will benefit human health and well-being. Hence, this article reviews and discusses human hair characteristics as sustainable biomaterials and their recent application in TE applications. Impact Statement This review article highlights the sustainability aspects of human hair as raw biomaterials and various elements of human hair that could potentially be used in tissue engineering (TE) applications. Furthermore, this article discusses numerous benefits of human hair, highlighting its value as biomaterials in bioscaffold development for TE applications. Moreover, this article reviews the role and effect of human hair in various TE applications, including skin, cardiac, nerve, bone, ocular, and periodontal.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hair
  7. Pilomatrixoma as a diagnostic pitfall in fine needle aspiration cytology: a case report
    Sivakumar S
    Acta Cytol., 2007 Jul-Aug;51(4):583-5.
    PMID: 17718128 DOI: 10.1159/000325801
    BACKGROUND: Pilomatrixoma (pilomatrixoma, calcifying epithelioma of Malherbe) is a relatively uncommon, benign neoplasm arising from the skin adnexa. The tumor can cause diagnostic difficulty not only for the clinician but also for the cytologist.

    CASE: A 62-year-old woman presented with a right submandibular swelling of 4 months' duration. The clinical findings were highly suspicious for malignancy. A fine needle aspiration biopsy was performed. Three preliminary differential diagnoses were offered: mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the submandibular salivary gland, squamous cell carcinomatous deposit in a submandibular lymph node and calcifying odontogenic tumor. Computed tomography demonstrated no bony lesion. No primary site of squamous cell carcinoma could be identified. An excisional biopsy of the swelling was performed, and the histologic diagnosis of pilomatrixoma was made.

    CONCLUSION: The cytologic presentation of pilomatrixoma of the right submandibular region can masquerade as that of a malignant tumor, in this case mucoepidermoid carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma or odontogenic tumor. This case delineates the cytomorphologic features of pilomatrixoma that may mimic carcinoma.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hair Diseases/diagnosis*; Hair Diseases/pathology*
  8. Fulltext Effect of Growth Factor Supplementation on the Hair Cell Specific Markers of Cells Harvested from Basilar Membrane
    Ubaidah MA, Chua KH, Ami M, Zainal A, Saim A, Saim L, et al.
    J Int Adv Otol, 2015 Apr;11(1):23-9.
    PMID: 26223713 DOI: 10.5152/iao.2015.539
    Loss of auditory hair cells is a major cause of deafness. The presence of auditory progenitor cells in the inner ear raises the hope for mammalian inner ear cell regeneration. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of growth factor supplementations, namely a combination of epidermal growth factor (EGF), insulin-like growth factor (IGF), and beta (β)-fibroblast growth factor (βFGF), on the expression of hair cell-specific markers by cells harvested from the cochlear membrane. This would provide an insight into the capability of these cells to differentiate into hair cells.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hair Cells, Auditory/cytology; Hair Cells, Auditory/metabolism*
  9. Lead in blood and hair of shipyard workers, Sabah, Malaysia
    Mokhtar MB, Awaluddin AB, Yusof AB, Bakar BB
    Bull Environ Contam Toxicol, 2002 Jul;69(1):8-14.
    PMID: 12053250
    Matched MeSH terms: Hair/metabolism*; Hair/chemistry
  10. Lead in blood and hair of population near an operational and a proposed area for copper mining, Malaysia
    Mokhtar MB, Awaluddin AB, Fong CW, Woojdy WM
    Bull Environ Contam Toxicol, 1994 Jan;52(1):149-54.
    PMID: 8130410
    Matched MeSH terms: Hair/metabolism; Hair/chemistry*
  11. Fulltext Pilomatrixoma of the cheek- a case report
    Mohd Tahir MKA, Ramanathan A, Foo GBT, Gopalan S, Zainal Abidin M, Abdul Rahman F
    Ann Dent, 2020;27(1):28-32.
    MyJurnal
    Pilomatrixoma is a relatively common benign tumour arising from the matrix and inner sheath of a normal hair follicle as well as hair cortex. It is usually presented as a superficial, solitary, firm mass which is asymptomatic and slowly growing. It accounts for about 0.2% of all routine skin specimens and may poses a diagnostic challenge as it may resemble other common benign lesions found in the head and neck region. We report a case of a 33-year old men presented to us with a pilomatrixoma of the right cheek, surgical management and histological findings.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hair Diseases
  12. Facile synthesis of CaFe2O4 for visible light driven treatment of polluting palm oil mill effluent: Photokinetic and scavenging study
    Charles A, Khan MR, Ng KH, Wu TY, Lim JW, Wongsakulphasatch S, et al.
    Sci Total Environ, 2019 Apr 15;661:522-530.
    PMID: 30682605 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.195
    In this paper, a facile synthesis method for CaFe2O4 is introduced that produces a catalyst capable of significant photocatalytic degradation of POME under visible light irradiation. The co-precipitation method was used to produce two catalysts at calcination temperatures of 550 °C and 700 °C dubbed CP550 and CP700. CP550 demonstrated the maximum COD removal of 69.0% at 0.75 g/L catalyst loading after 8 h of visible light irradiation which dropped to 61.0% after three consecutive cycles. SEM images indicated that the higher calcination temperature of CP700 led to annealing which reduced the pore volume (0.025 cm3/g) and pore diameter (10.3 nm) while simultaneously creating a smoother and more spherical surface with lower SBET (9.73 m2/g). In comparison, CP550 had a rough hair-like surface with higher SBET (27.28 m2/g) and pore volume (0.077 cm3/g) as evidenced by BET analysis. XRD data indicated the presence of CaFe5O7 in the CP550 composition which was not present in CP700. The presence of Wustite-like FeO structures in CaFe5O7 are likely the cause for lower photoluminescence intensity profile and hence better charge separation of CP550 as these structures in CaFe2O4 have been known to increase resistivity and electron localization. The COD removal of CP550 dropped from 69.0% to just 7.0% upon adding a small quantity of isopropanol into the reaction mixture indicating hydroxyl radicals as the primary reactive oxidative species.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hair
  13. Fulltext Co-occurrence of trichotillomania and polycystic ovarian syndrome: A case report
    Ismaliza Ismail, Wan Salwina Wan Ismai, Norazirah Md. Nor, Lee Voon Yee, Ani Amelia Zainuddin
    Journal of Clinical and Health Sciences, 2020;5(2):57-60.
    MyJurnal
    Trichotillomania (TTM) or hair pulling disorder is characterized by repetitive pulling of hair on
    the body whereas Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is a metabolic-endocrine disorder,
    manifested by irregular menstrual cycle and clinical hyperandrogenism. Both disorders
    commonly occur in young females. TTM and PCOS may be related and share the same
    pathophysiology. We reported a case of a teenager with TTM and PCOS, which were triggered
    by stress. Neurobiological mechanism may explain the co-occurrences between TTM and
    PCOS. Further research in the neurobiology of TTM and PCOS may better explain the cooccurrences between the two disorders.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hair
  14. Fulltext Effects of tocotrienol supplementation on hair growth in human volunteers
    Beoy LA, Woei WJ, Hay YK
    Trop Life Sci Res, 2010 Dec;21(2):91-9.
    PMID: 24575202 MyJurnal
    Studies have shown an association between oxidative stress and alopecia. Patients with alopecia generally exhibit lower levels of antioxidants in their scalp area as well as a higher lipid peroxidation index. Tocotrienols belong to the vitamin E family and are known to be potent antioxidants. Hence, a study was conducted to investigate the effect of tocotrienol supplementation on hair growth in volunteers suffering from hair loss. Twenty one volunteers were randomly assigned to orally receive 100 mg of mixed tocotrienols daily while 17 volunteers were assigned to receive placebo capsule orally. The volunteers were monitored for the number of hairs in a pre-determined scalp area as well as the weight of 20 strands of 1 cm length hair clippings at 0 (before supplementation), 4 and 8 months. The number of hairs of the volunteers in the tocotrienol supplementation group increased significantly as compared to the placebo group, with the former recording a 34.5% increase at the end of the 8-month supplementation as compared to a 0.1% decrease for the latter. Nevertheless, the cumulative weight of 20 strands of hair clippings did not differ much from the baseline for both supplementation groups at the end of the study period. In conclusion, this trial demonstrated that supplementation with tocotrienol capsules increases hair number in volunteers suffering from hair loss as compared to the placebo group. This observed effect was most likely to be due to the antioxidant activity of tocotrienols that helped to reduce lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress in the scalp, which are reported to be associated with alopecia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hair
  15. Fulltext Effects of extraction solvent system, time and temperature on total phenolic content of henna (Lawsonia inermis) stems
    Tan, M. C., Tan, C. P., Ho, C. W
    International Food Research Journal, 2013;20(6):3117-3123.
    MyJurnal
    Henna plant (Lawsonia inermis) is an Indian medicinal plant used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases, besides its popularity as a natural dye to colour hand and hair. Research in the recent past has accumulated enormous evidence revealing henna plant to be an excellent source of antioxidants such as total phenolics. In this study, the extraction of total phenolics from henna stems was evaluated using the Folin-Ciocalteu assay. A set of single factor experiments was carried out for identifying the optimum condition of each independent variable affecting total phenolic content (TPC) extraction efficiency of henna stems, namely the solvent type, solvent concentration (v/v, %), extraction time (min) and extraction temperature (oC). Generally, high extraction yield was obtained using aqueous acetone (about 40%) as solvent and the extraction yield could further be increased using a prolonged time of 270 min and a higher incubation temperature of 55°C. Under these optimized conditions, the experimental maximum yield of TPC of 5554.15 ± 73.04 mg GAE/100 g DW was obtained.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hair
  16. Fulltext Unique wing scale photonics of male Rajah Brooke's birdwing butterflies
    Wilts BD, Giraldo MA, Stavenga DG
    Front. Zool., 2016;13:36.
    PMID: 27525030 DOI: 10.1186/s12983-016-0168-7
    BACKGROUND: Ultrastructures in butterfly wing scales can take many shapes, resulting in the often striking coloration of many butterflies due to interference of light. The plethora of coloration mechanisms is dazzling, but often only single mechanisms are described for specific animals.

    RESULTS: We have here investigated the male Rajah Brooke's birdwing, Trogonoptera brookiana, a large butterfly from Malaysia, which is marked by striking, colorful wing patterns. The dorsal side is decorated with large, iridescent green patterning, while the ventral side of the wings is primarily brown-black with small white, blue and green patches on the hindwings. Dense arrays of red hairs, creating a distinct collar as well as contrasting areas ventrally around the thorax, enhance the butterfly's beauty. The remarkable coloration is realized by a diverse number of intricate and complicated nanostructures in the hairs as well as the wing scales. The red collar hairs contain a broad-band absorbing pigment as well as UV-reflecting multilayers resembling the photonic structures of Morpho butterflies; the white wing patches consist of scales with prominent thin film reflectors; the blue patches have scales with ridge multilayers and these scales also have centrally concentrated melanin. The green wing areas consist of strongly curved scales, which possess a uniquely arranged photonic structure consisting of multilayers and melanin baffles that produces highly directional reflections.

    CONCLUSION: Rajah Brooke's birdwing employs a variety of structural and pigmentary coloration mechanisms to achieve its stunning optical appearance. The intriguing usage of order and disorder in related photonic structures in the butterfly wing scales may inspire novel optical materials as well as investigations into the development of these nanostructures in vivo.

    Matched MeSH terms: Hair
  17. Fulltext Scales on the scalp
    Adawiyah J, Leelavathi M
    Malays Fam Physician, 2013;8(1):48-49.
    PMID: 25606270 MyJurnal
    A five-year-old boy presented with a six-week history of scales, flaking and crusting of the scalp. He had mild pruritus but no pain. He did not have a history of atopy and there were no pets at home. Examination of the scalp showed thick, yellowish dry crusts on the vertex and parietal areas and the hair was adhered to the scalp in clumps. There was non-scarring alopecia and mild erythema. There was no cervical or occipital lymphadenopathy. The patient’s nails and skin in other parts of the body were normal.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hair
  18. Fulltext Antimycotic activity of the extracts of Stichopus chloronotus Brandt in the treatment of experimental dermatophytosis
    Dayang Fredalina Basri, Jacinta, S., Chong, S.L., Rohasmizah Ismail
    Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia, 2004;2(2):97-102.
    MyJurnal
    The aqueous and ethanol extracts of Stichopus chloronotus Brandt were investigated for their effectiveness against guinea pig dermatophytosis caused by Microsporum canis and Trichophyton mentagrophytes using the hair root invasion test. The ethanol extract at 10 mg/ml showed 82.8 % efficacy against T. mentagrophytes while the aqueous extract at similar concentration showed 84.8% efficacy against M. canis infection, as compared to econazole which showed 100% efficacy against both infections. No adverse effect on the skin was observed in the treated animals. In conclusion, aqueous and ethanol extracts of S. chloronotus showed high antimycotic activity against experimentally induced dermatophytosis in guinea pigs.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hair
  19. Fulltext Ultra-morphological changes of Trichophyton rubrum treated with hydroxychavicol
    Ridzuan, P.M., Nasir Mohamad, Salwani Ismail, Nor Iza A. Rahman, Sanusi, N.A., Rabiatul Adawiyah Umar, et al.
    International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2017;16(2):65-71.
    MyJurnal
    Trichophyton rubrum is a common pathogenic fungal species that is responsible for causing infection on
    human skin, hair and nail. The antifungal-resistant strains complicate the treatment regime.
    Hydroxychavicol (HC) is one of the main compounds from Piper betel leaf that have antifungal potential and
    its mechanism of action has not been studied yet. The objective of this preliminary study to determine the
    antifungal properties of HC against T. rubrum using transmission electron microscope (TEM) on gross and
    ultrastructure of T. rubrum hypha. T. rubrum was treated with HC and miconazole (MI) at concentrations of
    1.25, 2.5, 5 and 10 mg/mL for 1, 3, 5 and 7 days continuously. Generally, fungi structures became more
    severely damaged at increasing treatment duration. Microscopically, the fungi’s cell wall treated with HC
    showed a rough surface, shrinkage and demolition similar to the MI treated group. The fungi organelles were
    also demolished and disorganized. This study revealed that HC has the ability to inhibit T. rubrum growth
    and has potential to be an antifungal agent for skin infections.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hair
  20. Field calibration of blowfly-derived DNA against traditional methods for assessing mammal diversity in tropical forests
    Lee PS, Gan HM, Clements GR, Wilson JJ
    Genome, 2016 May 11.
    PMID: 27696907
    Mammal diversity assessments based on DNA derived from invertebrates have been suggested as alternatives to assessments based on traditional methods; however, no study has field-tested both approaches simultaneously. In Peninsular Malaysia, we calibrated the performance of mammal DNA derived from blowflies (Diptera: Calliphoridae) against traditional methods used to detect species. We first compared five methods (cage trapping, mist netting, hair trapping, scat collection, and blowfly-derived DNA) in a forest reserve with no recent reports of megafauna. Blowfly-derived DNA and mist netting detected the joint highest number of species (n = 6). Only one species was detected by multiple methods. Compared to the other methods, blowfly-derived DNA detected both volant and non-volant species. In another forest reserve, rich in megafauna, we calibrated blowfly-derived DNA against camera traps. Blowfly-derived DNA detected more species (n = 11) than camera traps (n = 9), with only one species detected by both methods. The rarefaction curve indicated that blowfly-derived DNA would continue to detect more species with greater sampling effort. With further calibration, blowfly-derived DNA may join the list of traditional field methods. Areas for further investigation include blowfly feeding and dispersal biology, primer biases, and the assembly of a comprehensive and taxonomically-consistent DNA barcode reference library.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hair
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