Macaranga tanarius distribution has been identified in a study conducted by almost all states in Peninsular Malaysia. Assessment on the distribution of M. tanarius was based on the records available and type specimens housed in three different herbarium namely the Kepong Herbarium (KEP) in Forest Research Institute Malaysia, the herbarium in the Faculty of Forestry in Universiti Putra Malaysia and the Herbarium Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. While field surveys were carried out from July 2012 until October 2013. There are 128 specimens were assessed from the three herbaria which made in the year of 1925 to 2005. Field surveys showed that M. tanarius can be found from the state of Perlis in the north, to the state of Johor in the south. From the observation, M. tanarius is a commonly found species along the highways and the road sides, whether as single individuals or as mono-stands. It can be seen growing together with other pioneer species of shrubs or trees. The study also shows the growing pioneer species in disturbed habitats and the creation of new space to meet before the displacement process other quality species grows in the forest opening. This study is first surveys involving M.tanarius species including the entire state in peninsular Malaysia. It is intended for the collection and distribution -related service information management for the study of phenology of collecting seeds to be planting material.
The purpose of this study was to develop a food product from the peel of an under utilised native fruit, Baccaurea angulata, known locally as Belimbing Hutan. The peel of Baccaurea angulata fruit makes up more than 60 % of the fruit and is a significant source of food waste having potential to be explored. As such, the present study was the first to explore the feasibility of producing a food product from the peel. Using conventional jam making technology, the peel of Baccaurea angulata was used as the principal ingredient besides sugar and pectin to develop a jam product. The physicochemical properties and nutritional composition of the jam were determined by the Association of Analytical Chemists (AOAC) official methods of analyses with slight modifications as written in methods section. The nutrition composition included moisture content, protein, fat and ash. Carbohydrate was calculated by subtracting the sum of protein, fat, moisture, ash and crude fibre from 100%. Vitamin C was determined by Iodometric titration. Physicochemical properties such as pH, total soluble solid (TSS) and titratable acidity (TA) were also determined. The jam product has an acidic pH which is 2.82. The other results of the study indicated that jam produced from Baccaurea angulata had similar properties as other well-known fruit jams. The results showed that Baccaurea angulata jam was rich in carbohydrate (69.85 %) and supplied 279.84 kcal of energy.
This study aims to report a study on organization practices related to the process of existing evaluation and selection of e-Learning software. Initially, questionnaires were distributed to 250 experts who had been contacted via email or through walk-ins. However, only fifty experts which were categorized into decision makers, academicians/researchers and technical experts participated to fill the questionnaire. The results obtained from this study showed that the e-Learning software evaluation is a complex task as it requires many processes, evaluation criteria, and suitable evaluation techniques. The existing software evaluation criteria are insufficient to evaluate various e-Learning software products. This is due to the general characteristic of the criteria that can be used to evaluate any software. The outcome of this study provides organizations and e-Learning practitioners with information on existing practices when organization evaluates and select e-Learning software in their organizations. It can be used as a guideline for their e-Learning planning and implementation by organization Not least, it also gives the opportunity for the academicians/researchers to undertake a future study based on the existing e-Learning software evaluation and selection problems obtained.