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The Use of Benzodiazepines among Kratom (Mitragyna Speciosa Korth.) Users

Singh D, Narayanan S, Grundmann O, Boyer EW, Vicknasingam B

J Psychoactive Drugs, 2019 06 20;52(1):86-92.
PMID: 31218929 DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2019.1632505

The leaves from Mitragyna speciosa (Korth.) trees, also known as kratom, are traditionally used in Southeast Asia as a mild psychotropic agent. We investigated the demographic characteristics of persons who used both kratom cocktail and benzodiazepines (BZO) in a sample drawn from a rural area in Penang, Malaysia, and the reasons for BZO use. Seventy-seven participants who currently use a kratom cocktail along with BZO were recruited through snowball sampling for this cross-sectional study. The participants were male, and the majority were Malays (99%, n = 76/77), single (57%, n = 44/77) and employed (91%, n = 70/77). BZO was used with kratom cocktail 1) to increase euphoria; 2) to reduce dependence on methamphetamine; 3) to promote sleep; 4) to ease methamphetamine-associated psychological symptoms and 5) to decrease the craving for kratom. There were no significant differences in the intake of kratom use (p = .751), BZO use duration (p = .259), frequency (p = .188) and quantity (p = .888) of BZO use in the last 7 days, and quantity of BZO use in the last 30 days (p = .337) between kratom users and kratom poly-drug users. An awareness of the health consequences of the co-use of kratom with BZO is needed to prevent untoward health incidents.

Matched MeSH terms: Demography
Neurocognitive impairment following proton therapy for paediatric brain tumour: a systematic review of post-therapy assessments

Yahya N, Manan HA

Support Care Cancer, 2021 Jun;29(6):3035-3047.
PMID: 33040284 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-020-05808-z

BACKGROUND: Proton therapy (PT), frequently utilised to treat paediatric brain tumour (PBT) patients, eliminates exit dose and minimises dose to healthy tissues that theoretically can mitigate treatment-related effects including cognitive deficits. As clinical outcome data are emerging, we aimed to systematically review current evidence of cognitive changes following PT of PBT.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We searched PubMed and Scopus electronic databases to identify eligible reports on cognitive changes following PT of PBT according to PRISMA guidelines. Reports were extracted for information on demographics and cognitive outcomes. Then, they were systematically reviewed based on three themes: (1) comparison with photon therapy, (2) comparison with baseline cognitive measures, to population normative mean or radiotherapy-naïve PBT patients and (3) effects of dose distribution to cognition.
RESULTS: Thirteen reports (median size (range): 70 (12-144)) were included. Four reports compared the cognitive outcome between PBT patients treated with proton to photon therapy and nine compared with baseline/normative mean/radiotherapy naïve from which two reported the effects of dose distribution. Reports found significantly poorer cognitive outcome among patients treated with photon therapy compared with proton therapy especially in general cognition and working memory. Craniospinal irradiation (CSI) was consistently associated with poorer cognitive outcome while focal therapy was associated with minor cognitive change/difference. In limited reports available, higher doses to the hippocampus and temporal lobes were implicated to larger cognitive change.
CONCLUSION: Available evidence suggests that PT causes less cognitive deficits compared with photon therapy. Children who underwent focal therapy with proton were consistently shown to have low risk of cognitive deficit suggesting the need for future studies to separate them from CSI. Evidence on the effect of dose distribution to cognition in PT is yet to mature.

Matched MeSH terms: Demography
Fulltext Effect of hanging white bedsheet around phototherapy unit on TSB level in neonatal jaundice: a comparative study

Chong Li Tsu, Shalin Lee Wan Fei, Chan Kim Geok, Saloma Pawi, Feryante Rintika, Drina Dalie

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2020;16(105):22-0.
MyJurnal

Introduction: Phototherapy is the primary treatment for neonatal jaundice and is evaluated via total serum bilirubin (TSB) level. Hanging white material around phototherapy unit can multiply energy delivery by many folds. This study is to evaluate the effect of hanging white bedsheet around phototherapy unit on the reduction of TSB level. Methods: Comparative interventional study was conducted in two public hospitals. 200 eligible neonates with hyperbiliru- binemia were recruited and assigned to intervention (n=100) and control group (n=100). Neonates assigned into intervention group were nursed under phototherapy with the addition of white bedsheet hanging around the unit while the control group were nursed under phototherapy with non-white curtains. Results: Mothers’ blood group (x = 3.75, p = .29), neonates’ blood group (x = 2.87, p = .41), birth weight (t = 1.41, p = .16), baseline total serum bilirubin (TSB) level (p = .08), baseline irradiance of phototherapy prior to the hanging of curtains (p = .13) and hours of phototherapy (p = .53). The mean for TSB level in intervention and control group at 24 hours was 235.82µmol/L and 208.67µmol/L respectively. The mean difference in TSB level between intervention and control group was sta- tistically significant at 24 hours (x = 27.15, t = 4.56, p < .001) and 48 hours (x = 19.27, t = 2.32, p = .02) after initi- ation of phototherapy. Conclusion: The baseline and demographic characteristics of the neonates and mothers were comparable between the intervention and control group. The TSB level at 24 hours and 48 hours were significantly lower in control group if compared to the intervention group. Therefore, hanging white bedsheet did not significantly hasten the reduction of TSB level when compared to ordinary non-white curtains.

Matched MeSH terms: Demography
Fulltext The effectiveness of antenatal class towards improvement of knowledge among pregnant women in Hospital Chancellor Tuanku Muhriz (HCTM)

Rohani Mamat, Roziah Arabi, Hartini Jantan, Hanisah Zainal Abidin, Nor Azizah Ahmad, Shakinah Awang

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2020;16(105):60-0.
MyJurnal

Introduction: Antenatal knowledge is associated with positive outcome for pregnant women as it provides infor- mation to allow them to identify any problems during pregnancy. Studies have underlined the problems of the information overload is possible during an antenatal class, it is unclear to what extend information given during an- tenatal class are retain by mother, thus the need for this study. Methods: This is a quasi-pre-post experimental study involving 82 participants. Baseline pre and post knowledge on antenatal class was evaluated among respondents using validate questionnaires. T-test was used to determine the relationship between various socio-demographic factors and knowledge of respondents. Results: Chi-square test used to test pre and post knowledge score. There was a significant increase in the difference between before and after antenatal classes run against the knowledge. In addition, the study found no significant difference for participants who are professional and non-professional and level of education. Conclusion: This study concludes thatthe antenatal classes run in HCTM shows a positive im- pact in improving maternal care during pregnancy, childbirth and care after birth. It is best to suggest that to increase promotion and information regarding antenatal classes so that pregnant women and couple could attend and get the benefit from the class.

Matched MeSH terms: Demography
Fulltext Learning styles among year 1 semester 1nursing students in college of nursing Kubang Kerian, Kelantan

Rusnani Ab Latif, Fairani Yusof, Tan, Yok Mui, Nor Suraizai Ibrahim

The Malaysian Journal of Nursing, 2019;10(4):3-11.
MyJurnal

Introduction: Students learn in many ways. Some students are visual learners, while others are auditory or kinesthetic learners. The purpose of the study is to identify the learning style of the students and factors that influence their learning styles. Methods: This is a descriptive study with cross-sectional design. Convenient sampling was used. In this study, a total of 51 nursing students were involved. A set of questionnaires using VARK (Visual; Auditory; Read/Write; Kinesthetic) inventory was used. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square test were use. Results: The learning styles of the respondents were mostly kinesthetic learning style and auditory learning styles which is 14(27.5%) for both, ten respondent had combinations of various styles, seven respondents had read write learning style and six respondent had visual learning style which is 13.7% and 11.8% respectively. Chi-square test shows that there was significant difference between learning style and respondents' demographic factors of previous school and number of siblings, where p-value 0.05). Conclusion: In order to achieve the goal of student learning it is important to use a combination of teaching methods and to make the classroom environment as stimulating and interactive as possible

Matched MeSH terms: Demography
Fulltext The study of knowledge, attitude and practice of prostate cancer prevention and its relationship with socio-demographic characteristics among men at Ppr Lembah Subang 1, Selangor, Malaysia

Mohammed Faez Baobaid, Mohammed A. Abdalqader, Hasanain Faisal Ghazi, Hesham Shebl, Haitham Assem Abdalrazak

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2020;16(107):46-51.
MyJurnal

Introduction: Prostate cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer deaths among men worldwide. In Ma- laysia however, it is the fifth leading cause of cancer among men. The increases of prostate cancer among men in Malaysia due to its close association with lack of awareness, poor knowledge and attitude. Therefore, this study is to obtain information on the prostate in terms of the level of awareness, perception, and the practice of prevention of prostate cancer among Malaysians, particularly residents of PPR Lembah Subang 1. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was collected among 200 respondents aged 18 years and above in PPR Lembah Subang 1 consisting of 37 questions comprised of socio-demographic data, source of information, risk factors, knowledge on prostate cancers, attitude on prostate cancer and practice of prevention. Likert scale scoring system used in this research. Results: Men in PPR Lembah Subang 1, show a significant association between knowledge on prostate cancer with age group, level of education, and family history showing (p value:

Matched MeSH terms: Demography
Fulltext Cadaver dissection: attitude and perception of its importance among medical and health science students in learning anatomy

Manah Chandra Changmai, Kastury Gohain, Akma Asyira Binti Zulkarnaie

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2020;16(107):52-56.
MyJurnal

Introduction: Anatomy continues to be an important basic subject in medicine and other related health sciences which is delivered by method of either through lectures or demonstration. Thus, having a gross anatomy practi- cal with cadaver is a crucial phase for the students to have a deep understanding about anatomy of human body. The objective of this study is to explore the attitude and perception of medical and health science students in the importance of cadaver dissection in learning anatomy. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted by distrib- uting closed structured questionnaires to 270 respondents consisting of socio-demographic in part one, frequency on practical with dissected cadaver in part two, the attitude of student towards the dissected cadaver in part three, suggestion for improvement during practical with cadaver in part four and the value of cadavers during practical in part five. The collected data were processed by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.0. Result: Descriptive statistical evaluation shows majority of the students perform practical with cadavers. They find cadaveric dissection exciting with no feeling of stress and anxiety. Many of them never had an emotional shock when exposing themselves to the cadavers for the first time accepting the cadaveric dissection ethically. The students recommended keeping cadaveric dissection in the health science curriculum. Conclusion: The cadaveric dissection helps in grounded understanding of anatomy. It promotes and develops psychomotor skills in students. The findings of the study discovered dissection to be a motivating tool in learning anatomy.

Matched MeSH terms: Demography
Fulltext Validity and reliability of an adapted questionnaire measuring knowledge, awareness and practice regarding familial hypercholesterolaemia among primary care physicians in Malaysia

Azraii AB, Ramli AS, Ismail Z, Abdul-Razak S, Badlishah-Sham SF, Mohd-Kasim NA, et al.

BMC Cardiovasc Disord, 2021 01 19;21(1):39.
PMID: 33468051 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-020-01845-y

BACKGROUND: Primary care physicians (PCP) play an important role in detecting Familial Hypercholesterolaemia (FH) early. However, knowledge, awareness and practice (KAP) regarding FH among Malaysian PCP are not well established, and there was no validated tool to assess their FH KAP. Thus, the aim of this study was to adapt an FH KAP questionnaire and determine its validity and reliability among Malaysian PCP.
METHODS: This cross-sectional validation study involved Malaysian PCP with ≥ 1-year work experience in the primary care settings. In Phase 1, the original 19-item FH KAP questionnaire underwent content validation and adaptation by 7 experts. The questionnaire was then converted into an online survey instrument and was face validated by 10 PCP. In Phase 2, the adapted questionnaire was disseminated through e-mail to 1500 PCP. Data were collected on their KAP, demography, qualification and work experience. The construct validity was tested using known-groups validation method. The hypothesis was PCP holding postgraduate qualification (PCP-PG-Qual) would have better FH KAP compared with PCP without postgraduate qualification (PCP-noPG-Qual). Internal consistency reliability was calculated using Kuder Richardson formula-20 (KR-20) and test-retest reliability was tested on 26 PCP using kappa statistics.
RESULTS: During content validation and adaptation, 10 items remained unchanged, 8 items were modified, 1 item was moved to demography and 7 items were added. The adapted questionnaire consisted of 25 items (11 knowledge, 5 awareness and 9 practice items). A total of 130 out of 1500 PCP (response rate: 8.7%) completed the questionnaire. The mean percentage knowledge score was found to be significantly higher in PCP-PG-Qual compared with PCP-noPG-Qual (53.5, SD ± 13.9 vs. 35.9, SD ± 11.79), t(128) = 6.90, p

Matched MeSH terms: Demography
Fulltext Socio-demographic and psychosocial factors associated with physical activity of working woman in Petaling Jaya,Malaysia

Siti Affira, K., Mohd Nasir, M.T., Hazizi, A.S., Kandiah, M.

Malays J Nutr, 2011;17(3):315-324.
MyJurnal

Introduction: This study was conducted on 215 working women from four private corporate companies in a suburb in Malaysia to determine the factors related to their physical activity levels. Methods: Data were collected using a questionnaire which included socio-demographic characteristics, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), perceived barriers and benefits to physical activity, self-efficacy to physical activity and an 8-item questionnaire on current
behavioral stage of physical activity. Results: The majority of the respondents were Malay (81.9%) with 10.2% being Chinese and 7.9% Indian. Most of the respondents were executives (64.2%), while the rest were non-executives (24.7%) and managers (11.2%). The mean weight, height, BMI and waist circumference were 59.4±13.1 kg, 1.6±0.6 m, 23.7±4.8 kg/m² and 77.0±12.1cm respectively. In this sample, 24.7% and 7.9% were overweight and obese respectively, while 34%
were at risk of abdominal obesity. A total of 28.8% of the respondents had low physical activity level, while 48.8% and 22.3% were in the moderate and high physical activity categories respectively. An association was found between monthly income (χ2=110.17; p

Matched MeSH terms: Demography
Fulltext Sodium intake among normotensive health staff assessed by 24-hour urinary excretion: a cross-sectional study

Rashidah, A., Yeo, P.S., Noor Ani, A., Muhammad Fadhli, M.Y., Tahir, A., Feisul Idzwan, M., et al.

Malays J Nutr, 2014;20(3):317-326.
MyJurnal

Introduction: High sodium consumption over an extended period of time has been associated with hypertension, stroke, cardiovascular disease, renal damage, and other adverse health effects. This study aimed to determine urinary sodium excretion and consequently estimate dietary sodium consumption among normotensive health staff in Malaysia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to acquire data on sodium excretion among normotensive Ministry of Health staff aged 20 - 56 years (mean age 35.08, SD 9.78) in 14 states and a research institute. Respondents were recruited using quota sampling. Data collection was conducted from December 2011 to February 2012. A single urine sample was collected over 24 hours for sodium concentrations and calculated as 95.0% of total daily sodium intake. Results: Among the 471 enrolled respondents, 445 (94.0%) provided complete information on socio-demography and urine samples. Mean urine sodium excretion was 142.0 mmol/day (SD 71.7), which is equivalent to 3429 mg sodium/day or 8.7 gm of salt intake (1.75 teaspoon, which exceeds the Malaysian recommendation of 2000 mg sodium/day by 1.7 times. About 79.0% (n=353) of respondents (88.0% male and 73.0% female) had daily sodium consumption that was above the recommendation. Excretion was significantly higher among males at 161.7 mmol/day (SD 78.1) (3726 mg sodium/day) than females, 125.3 mmolfday (SD 61.1) (2875 mg/day). There was a positive, low correlation between BMl and sodium intake (r=0.216, p

Matched MeSH terms: Demography
Fulltext General Perceptions and Awareness Level among Local Residents in Penang Island toward Bats Conservation Efforts

Shafie NJ, Sah SAM, Mutalib AHA, Fadzly N

Trop Life Sci Res, 2017 Jul;28(2):31-44.
PMID: 28890759 MyJurnal DOI: 10.21315/tlsr2017.28.2.3

The population of bats has declined from year to year caused by human activities such as logging and hunting activities. Since the human factor is linked to the issues of population decline in many animal species, a community-based conservation strategy that involved local communities is needed. We conducted face-to-face surveys among residents in Penang Island to assess knowledge and awareness level toward bats conservation efforts. We collected demographic values such as age, gender, level of education, length of residency as well as their monthly income, since different group in these variable might have different perception. We found that age groups, level of education and monthly income have shown significant differences among the respondents. However, no other significant differences were indicated for by gender and length of residency. Respondent's knowledge of bats showed that the majority of the respondents were less likely to value the importance of bats in the ecosystem. We recommended stronger legal system, earlier exposure towards environmental education, well-planned urbanisation implementation and long-term monitoring programs to strengthen efforts in conserving bats in Malaysia.

Matched MeSH terms: Demography
Fulltext A report on the pupae of Desmometopa sp. (Diptera: Milichiidae) recovered from a human corpse in Malaysia

Kumara TK, Abu Hassan A, Che Salmah MR, Bhupinder S

Trop Biomed, 2010 Apr;27(1):131-3.
PMID: 20562823

The pupae of Desmometopa sp. (Diptera: Milichiidae) were collected from a human corpse found indoor in active decay stage together with the larvae of Sarcophagidae, Synthesiomyia nudiseta (Wulp), Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius) and Chrysomya rufifacies (Macquart). This research note is the first report of the Desmometopa sp. recovered from a human corpse in Malaysia.

Matched MeSH terms: Demography
Fulltext Mixed breeding of Aedes aegypti (L.) and Aedes albopictus Skuse in four dengue endemic areas in Kuala Lumpur and Selangor, Malaysia

Chen CD, Nazni WA, Lee HL, Seleena B, Mohd Masri S, Chiang YF, et al.

Trop Biomed, 2006 Dec;23(2):224-7.
PMID: 17322826 MyJurnal

Ovitrap surveillance was conducted in four dengue endemic areas in Kuala Lumpur and Selangor, Malaysia to determine the distribution and percentage of mixed breeding of both Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. The percentage of mixed breeding in all study sites both indoors and outdoors accounted for 10 to 32 % from the total ovitraps collected. Ae. aegypti was found at a higher frequency than Ae. albopictus in these ovitraps. This study again indicates that ovitrap is a sensitive tool to attract gravid females of more than one mosquito species to oviposit in the container.

Matched MeSH terms: Demography
Fulltext Self-care behaviour among type 2 diabetes patients

Siti Khuzaimah AS, Aini A, Surindar Kaur SS, Hayati Adilin MAM, Padma AR

Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2014;22(2):471-488.
MyJurnal

Self-care behaviour involves all activities type 2 diabetes patients engage in to care for their disease. In our local population, however, most patients do not manage their disease appropriately. This study aimed to determine the level of self-care behaviour and to examine the differences in self-care behaviour according to type 2 diabetes patients’ demographic data and health condition at University Malaya Medical Centre. Sample of this study comprised 388 patients (respondents) and data were collected from December 2010 to February 2011 using self-administered questionnaires. Results showed that the level of self-care behaviour was moderately high (mean = 38.94, SD=11.93). There were significant differences between self-care behaviour and ethnicity [Wilk’s Lambda = 0.92, F(12, 1008) = 2.70, p < 0.05], age group [Wilk’s Lambda = 0.96, F(4, 383) = 4.39, p < 0.05], education level [Wilk’s Lambda = 0.94, F(12, 1008) = 1.85, p < 0.05], type of treatment [Wilk’s Lambda = 0.92, F(12, 1008) = 2.84, p < 0.05], health education [Wilk’s Lambda = 0.97, F(4, 383) = 3.33, p< 0.05]. Respondents who are Indian, elderly, had lower level of education, on insulin treatment, had received health education on diabetes and not smoking had better self-care behaviour scores. It can be concluded that high risk type 2 diabetes patients should be taught individually so as to help them improve physical and psychological outcome.
Study site: diabetic clinic; medical, nephrology, orthopedic, and surgery wards, University Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC)

Matched MeSH terms: Demography
Fulltext Associations between Socio-Demographic Factors and Hypertension Management during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Preliminary Findings from Malaysia

Elnaem MH, Kamarudin NH, Syed NK, Huri HZ, Dehele IS, Cheema E

Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2021 09 03;18(17).
PMID: 34501893 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18179306

The perspectives of hypertensive patients on the state of hypertension control during the ongoing pandemic restrictions have not been extensively studied in Malaysia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the impact of socio-demographic factors, health literacy, and adherence on the overall hypertension management in a group of Malaysian hypertensive patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. An anonymous, online cross-sectional study was conducted over three months that involved a group of Malaysian adults with hypertension. A validated, self-administered 30-item questionnaire was prepared in Malay and English languages on Google Forms. The link was then distributed to participants on social media (Facebook and WhatsApp). Following survey validation, a pilot study with 30 participants who met the inclusion criteria was carried out. The total scores for health literacy, adherence, and pandemic impact on hypertension control were calculated and compared across all independent variables. In a total of 144 study participants, controlled blood pressure was reported in 77% (N = 111). There were good levels of adherence and health literacy scores but moderate levels of pandemic impact scores. The total adherence scores showed a statistically significant difference between age groups (χ2 = 6.48, p = 0.039) and those who reported having controlled and uncontrolled blood pressure (U = 1116, p = 0.001). Moreover, the analysis revealed statistically significant differences in total pandemic impact scores based on the age group (χ2 = 15.008, p = 0.001), household income (χ2 = 6.887, p = 0.032), employment (U = 1712, p = 0.006), and marital status (U = 520.5, p < 0.001). The youngest age group (18-39) years, the lowest income group, unemployed and unmarried individuals, had significantly higher pandemic impact scores. This denotes that those individuals were more prone to be negatively affected by the pandemic regarding their hypertension management. Most participants reported relatively controlled blood pressure and good levels of health literacy as well as adherence amidst the pandemic. To a moderate extent, study participants perceived that the pandemic had a negative effect on hypertension management. The perceived negative impact of the pandemic was attributed to several socio-demographic factors, such as age, household income, employment, and marital status.

Matched MeSH terms: Demography
Fulltext Profile of functional amblyopia cases seen by optometrists in the Ministry of Health (moh) Malaysia Hospitals

Duratul Ain Hussin, Mahani Mohd Salleh, Che Ruhani Che Jaafar, Rini Roslina Amir, Farahiyah Ibrahim, Nor Aini Hanafi

Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia, 2013;11(2):35-40.
MyJurnal

Amblyopia is one of the most common causes of visual defi cit in children. Presently, in the Ministry of Health Malaysia hospitals, there is no documented data on the characteristic and profi le of amblyopia cases. This study was conducted to scribe the profile of new amblyopia cases seen by optometrists at the Ministry of Health (MOH) Hospitals. This study was a retrospective and multicenter study including all MOH hospitals with optometry clinics. Clinical record data of amblyopic patients aged 3 to 17 years old who were newly diagnosed between 1st August 2010 to 31st January 2011 and who fulfi lled the inclusion criteria were obtained. Data collected included demography, systemic history, ocular history and optometric findings and diagnosis. Thirty eight MOH hospitals participated and a total of 301 patients were diagnosed with functional amblyopia within the study period. Mean age for these amblyopic patients was 7.70 + 0.16 years old. Boys were the predominant gender (57.1%) and Malay preceded the other races with a 65.4% occurrence. Mild amblyopia was found in 51.5% of the patients, 31.6% were with moderate amblyopia and only 16.9% of patients were severe amblyopia. The underlying amblyogenic causes assessed were ametropia (61.5%), anisometropia (25.2%), strabismus (9.3%) and stimulus deprivation (4.0%). Refractive error was discovered as the most common cause of amblyopia in this study. It is crucial for optometrists to detect this type of visual impairment and undertake an early optometric intervention.

Study site: multicenter study including all MOH hospital

Matched MeSH terms: Demography
Fulltext Demographic and clinical factors associated with verbal memory performance in patients with schizophrenia in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM), Malaysia

Zahiruddin Othman, Hasanah Che Ismail, Ruzita Jamaluddin, Muhammad Najib Mohamad Alwi

ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry, 2011;12(2):0-0.
MyJurnal

Objective: The present study aims to assess verbal memory performance in patients with schizophrenia attending HUSM and determine the relationship between the patients’ verbal memory performance and their demographic/clinical factors. Methods: A cross sectional study of 114 patients with schizophrenia attending HUSM psychiatric services from December 2007 to May 2008 was conducted. The schizophrenia symptoms as well as verbal memory performance were assessed using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, the Malay version of the Calgary Depression Scale (MVCDS), and the Malay version of the Auditory Verbal Learning Test (MVAVLT). The relationship between verbal memory performance and demographic/clinical symptoms was evaluated using Pearson Correlation. Results: Overall MVAVLT scores in all the trials were lowered in patients with schizophrenia compared to average healthy controls. There were significant relationships between occupational status and MVAVLT performance in Trial A1-A5 Total; between educational level and MVAVLT performance in Trial A1 and Trial A1-A5 Total and between severities of illness and MVAVLT performance in all indexes except Trial A1 after controlled for occupation and
educational level. Conclusions: Patient with schizophrenia in HUSM performed significantly worse than healthy controls in verbal memory with or without interference. There were significant relationships between MVAVLT performance and patient’s occupational s tatus, educational level and severity of the illness but not depressive symptoms.

Study site: Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM)

Matched MeSH terms: Demography
Fulltext Post-stroke survivors: the relationship between clinical characteristics and the levels of depression

Bala Krishnian, M., Johar, M.J., Ismail, M.S., Leong, J.W.S., Lye, M.S.

Medicine & Health, 2015;10(2):98-102.
MyJurnal

Stroke is frequently associated with long-term disability. Stroke leads to high risk of physical and neuropsychological consequences. Residual disabilities among post-stroke survivors can lead them to depression. This study aimed to determine the relationship between clinical characteristics and the levels of depression among post-stroke survivors at a teaching hospital in Kuala Lumpur. This cross-sectional study recruited 195 post-stroke survivors who attended follow-up Rehabilitation Clinic of a teaching hospital over a study period of 4 months. Information collected included socio-demographic, clinical characteristics (post stroke duration, stroke types and stroke severities) and level of depression. Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI) was used to assess the level of depression. The mean age of participants was 61 years (SD=13.86, range: 22-87 years), with 118 male and 81 female survivors having a median duration of post-stroke of 12 months (range: 1-79 months). This study showed post stroke survivors 116 (59.5%) with depression. A Chi-square test for level of stroke severity was significantly associated with depression, χ2 (2,n=195) = 28.724, p

Matched MeSH terms: Demography
Fulltext Knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) towards sleep among medical students of International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM)

Al-Naggar, Redhwan Ahmed, Al-Jashamy, Karim, Ramli Musa, Zaleha Mohd Isa

ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry, 2010;11(1):6-12.
MyJurnal

Objective: To determine the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of sleep among medical students of IIUM towards and to determine the impact of socio-demographic data on the knowledge, attitude and practice. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 106 students from first, second and third year medical students of IIUM. Verbal consent was taken from the students who were willing to take part in this study. Student knowledge about sleep was studied using a questionnaire. Results: A total of 106 medical
students completed the survey, there were 54 female and 52 male. The mean age of the students was 20 ± 0.56 and ranged from 18 to 22 years. In terms of their sleep knowledge, the mean ± SD knowledge, attitude and practice scores were 81.8 ± 16.8, 65.9 ±15.3 and 176 ± 26.3 respectively. In univariate analysis, there was a significant difference between parents’ marital status regarding knowledge of the students (p = 0.03). There was a significant difference between gender regarding attitude of the students (p=0.05). In
multivariate analysis, gender and smoking status were significantly affected the overall KAP. Conclusion: This study showed that sleep medicine knowledge was generally low among medical students. Therefore, educational strategies to improve knowledge regarding sleep-related problems and the development of proper sleep practices among medical students are needed.

Matched MeSH terms: Demography
Fulltext Factors influencing inpatient duration among insanity acquittees in a Malaysian mental institution

Chan, Lai Fong, Tuti Iryani Mohd Daud, Hazli Zakaria, Phang, Cheng Kar, Loo, Tsui Huei, Ong, Lieh Yan, et al.

ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry, 2010;11(1):25-35.
MyJurnal

Objective: According to Malaysian law, defendants found not guilty by reason of insanity may be admitted to a psychiatric hospital and discharge is subject to the state ruler’s assent. The objective of this study is to examine the clinical, socio-demographic and forensic factors that influence inpatient duration of insanity acquittees in a Malaysian mental institution. Methods:This is a cross-sectional study of one hundred and twelve insanity acquittee inpatients in Hospital Bahagia Ulu Kinta from January 2007 to February 2007. Patients with a clinical diagnosis of schizophrenia, major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder were assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) and Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) respectively. Other relevant sociodemographic, clinical and forensic factors were also assessed. Results: The inpatient duration varied widely from three months to forty-seven years with a median of seven years. Seventy five percent of patients were in remission. According to the multiple linear regression model, the strongest predictor of a longer duration of hospital stay for insanity acquittees was older age (p

Matched MeSH terms: Demography

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