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  1. Stature estimation in the South-East Asian population: A systematic review
    Ismail NA, Abu Bakar SN, Abdullah N, Shafie MS, Mohd Nor F
    Malays J Pathol, 2019 Aug;41(2):83-89.
    PMID: 31427544
    INTRODUCTION: Stature estimation is population dependent, and population-specific regression equations should be generated for accurate anthropological assessments. Nevertheless, stature estimation data was inaccessible and limited in some of the South-East Asian countries. The systematic review was conducted to analyse the regression equations of stature estimations developed in South-East Asian region.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic literature search was performed through SCOPUS database and Google Scholar from January till March 2018. All published articles which developed stature estimation from different types of bone, methods and type of statures (i.e. living stature, forensic stature and cadaveric stature) were included in this study. Risks of biases were also assessed. Population studies with no regression equations were excluded from the study.

    RESULTS: Seven studies that met the inclusion criteria were identified. In the South-East Asia region, regression equations for stature estimation were developed in Thailand and Malaysia. In these studies, bone measurements were done either by radiography, direct bone measurement, or palpation on body surface for anatomical bony prominence. All of these studies used various parts of bones for stature estimation.

    CONCLUSION: The most widely used regression equations for stature estimation in South-East Asian population were from the Thailand population. Further research is recommended to develop regression equations for other South-East Asian countries.

    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography
  2. [Mycobacterial lung infection in 8 patients with AIDS: clinical and radiological features]
    Kawana A, Toyota E, Kobayashi N, Kudo K, Genka I, Aoki M, et al.
    Kansenshogaku Zasshi, 1998 Mar;72(3):238-44.
    PMID: 9585697
    The prevalence of mycobacterial infection in AIDS patients has increased in Japan. This report describes details of the clinical and radiological features of eight AIDS patients with mycobacterial disease (6 with M. tuberculosis infection and 2 with M. kansasii infection) in our hospital during the period from October 1995 through February 1997. Six of the 8 were men, and two were women. The mean age was 36.5 years. Six were Japanese, one was from Myanmar, and one was Malaysian. The median CD4 positive T lymphocyte counts (CD4 count) at the time of diagnosis of the M. tuberculosis was 75.5 (range 14-569/microliter, and the M. kansasii was 21.5 (range 19-24)/microliter. Clinical findings and symptoms of all patients were non-specific, but almost all patients had a cough and fever. In the radiographic findings, the patients of the M. tuberculosis group presented multiple hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy, miliary shadow, and obstructive pneumonia. Both M. kansasii patients showed a multiple infiltration shadow. There were no drug resistant strains in M. tuberculosis except on isolate with moderate resistant. to Streptomycin. These observations suggest that AIDS-associated mycobacterial disease shows atypical clinical and radiological features in some cases, especially in advanced stages of AIDS. Therefore, we need to recognize the characteristics of the clinical and radiological features of the patients with mycobacterial diseases and AIDS.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Thoracic
  3. Fulltext A young man with chronic dry cough
    Shalihin SE, Osman IF, Harun Z, Mukhali HB, Gnathimin B
    Malays Fam Physician, 2020;15(1):68-70.
    PMID: 32284811 MyJurnal
    In primary care, chest X-rays are commonly performed to assess patients presenting with a prolonged
    cough. However, the extent to which the flms are accurately interpreted depends on the skill of the
    doctors. Doctors with insufcient experience may miss an exact diagnosis when evaluating a flm,
    especially in patients with nonspecifc symptoms, such as in the case discussed in this paper.
    ( Copied from article ).
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography
  4. Fulltext Image quality and radiation dose comparison in medium and high kilovoltage for digital pa chest radiography
    Moey, Soo-Foon, Nur Farah Hani Muhd Jaafar, Nursyahirah Saidin
    International Journal of Allied Health Sciences, 2019;3(4):954-966.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Various medium and high tube potentials were utilized to conduct chest x-rays. There
    are advantages and disadvantages with regards to image quality and radiation dose when using
    medium and high kilovoltage (kVp) technique. However, radiographers have misconstrued
    understanding pertaining to the choice of tube potential as well as grid usage when performing chest radiography. Methods: The experimental study was conducted using the PBU-50 phantom by exposing it with medium kVp utilizing grid and non-grid as well as high kVp with grid. All images obtained were evaluated using the modified evaluation criteria for PA chest established by the Commission of European Communities, 1996 whilst the dose area product (DAP) was determined using the Dose Area Product (DAP) meter. The value obtained from the DAP meter was converted to entrance surface dose (ESD) usingCALDOSE_X5.0 software and mathematical formula. Results: The Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test indicated a significant difference in ESD when using medium and high kVp; Z= -2.666, p
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography
  5. Fulltext Assessment of blurring effect and its associated factors by using imagej: a multiparameter double holes contrast-detail phantom study
    Nur Farahana Pauzi, Zafri Azran Abdul Majid, Wan Muhamad Nasuha Wan Hussin, Abdul Halim Sapuan, Mohd Zulfaezal Che Azemin
    International Journal of Allied Health Sciences, 2017;1(2):107-119.
    MyJurnal
    X-ray is produced in form of divergent beam. The beam divergence results to blurring effect that influences image diagnosis. Thus, the blurring effect assessment should be enrolled within the quality control (QC) program of an imaging unit.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography
  6. Fulltext Investigation of different exposure settings for image quality and entrance skin dose
    Nurshuhada Ali, Zafri Azran Abdul Majid, Mohd Syahriman Mohd Azmi
    International Journal of Allied Health Sciences, 2018;2(2):329-338.
    MyJurnal
    The ideal imaging system that is providing a good quality image of minimal radiation dose. There are many parameters that influenced image quality and radiation dose on clinical radiography. This study has identified some of the problems whereby there are practitioners do not select the proper size of image receptor (IR) and collimation during the examination. The re-usable of the IR and imaging plate also need to be concerned whether multiple exposures may affect the image
    quality or not. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of different exposure settings; kVp, mAs, collimation field sizes and different IR’ sizes for image quality and radiation dose. Methods: The wall-mounted x-ray machine act as a sources of radiation which exposed the acrylic cylinder that placed over the IR. The examination is repeated with different kVp, mAs, collimation field sizes and IR’s sizes. The source to image distance (SID) is fixed to 100 cm distance and put Nano dot dosimeter similar level with the top of acrylic to measure the dose. The result analysed by using software ImageJ to measure the Contrast to Noise Ratio (CNR). Results: The percentage of CNR1 and CNR2 reduced as the kVp is increased from (CNR1=77.25, CNR2=64.45), (CNR1=73.47, CNR2=61.22) and (CNR1=62.80, CNR2=57.32) for 50 kVp, 75 kVp and 100 kVp respectively and fluctuate when mAs increased. The CNR and entrance skin dose (ESD) shows higher when x-ray beam collimate according to IR’s size. Conclusions: Overall, the manipulative effect of exposure settings on image quality and ESD shows some positive results. The result also shows inconsistent readings in the CNR and ESD. The percentage of CNR decreased when kVp increases and slightly fluctuate when mAs increased. The ESD reading depicts higher when the kVp and mAs increase as well as when x-ray beam collimated according to IR’s sizes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography
  7. Fulltext Radiographic imaging of steel oval lock carabiner by using computed radiography: a pilot study
    Nadzirah Mohamad Radzi, Zafri Azran Abdul Majid
    International Journal of Allied Health Sciences, 2018;2(2):310-318.
    MyJurnal
    Carabiner is one of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), which is used to protect the users from hazards by reducing any chance of serious injury. Thus, it is very important to detect even a small
    defect on the component before it becomes worse that could give harm to the users. The aim of this paper is to find out the appropriate imaging technical factors of steel carabiner by using computed radiography (CR). Methods: Radiographic images of carabiner were obtained by manipulating the values of kVp and mAs with respect to contrast and density. A preliminary study was carried out to determine the exposure factor combination in order to produce perceptible visual quality of radiographic images. Positioning techniques applied in this study were whole view (open-gate and close-gate position) and screw view (open-gate and close-gate position). An assessor was invited to evaluate the radiographs by using Image Quality Criteria Scoring (ICS) adapted from European Guidelines on Quality Criteria for Diagnostic Radiographic Images. Results: Findings showed that the optimum values of kVp and mAs in imaging whole view (open-gate and close-gate) carabiner were 133 kVp and 28 mAs while, for screw view (opengate and close-gate) the range of kVp and mAs preferred were 121 kVp to 133 kVp and 28 mAs to 36 mAs respectively. Conclusion: This study has found that the use of medical CR to expose metal steel such as
    carabiner is accepted. By manipulating the imaging parameters, CR can produce a good quality image of carabiner.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography
  8. A three-dimensional computed tomographic analysis of the cervical spine in unoperated infants with cleft lip and palate
    Rajion ZA, Townsend GC, Netherway DJ, Anderson PJ, Yusof A, Hughes T, et al.
    Cleft Palate Craniofac J, 2006 Sep;43(5):513-8.
    PMID: 16986980
    To investigate anatomical variations and abnormalities of cervical spine morphology in unoperated infants with cleft lip and palate.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cervical Vertebrae/radiography*; Cleft Lip/radiography*; Cleft Palate/radiography*
  9. Fulltext Twenty Years of the Malaysian Association of Medical Physics: Looking Back to Move Forwards
    Zin, H. M.
    Physics and Technology in Medicine, 2020;1(2):1-6.
    MyJurnal
    The Malaysian Association of Medical Physics (MAMP) was set up in the year 2000 to promote and further develop the field that was relatively new in Malaysia. The article briefly summarises key developments in medical physics since the first discovery of x-rays in 1895. The resulted rapid progress in the field was also highlighted and related to the pace of development in Malaysia. Key activities organised by MAMP were also addressed. The international practices related to the field and the profession were highlighted and compared to the current status in Malaysia. Although the field has progressed well in the country, there are several gaps identified to further improve the field and the profession in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography
  10. Fulltext Meralgia paresthetica - importance of anatomical knowledge in diagnosis
    Nurul Raihan, A.K., Narwani, H., Mohd Effendi, M.G., Chung, W.M.
    Medicine & Health, 2020;15(1):280-287.
    MyJurnal
    Penekanan saraf lateral kutaneus femoral merupakan punca kepada penyakit meralgia parestetika. Gejala penyakit ini ialah kesakitan dan perubahan sensori pada bahagian lateral paha. Namun, gejala penyakit ini seakan menyerupai gejala penyakit lain seperti radikulopati lumbar, penyempitan ruang femoro-acetabular, bursitis trokanterik dan beberapa contoh lain. Meralgia parestetika merupakan diagnosis secara pengecualian setelah penyebab kepada kesakitan pada bahagian lateral paha tidak dapat dibuktikan melalui hasil penyiasatan yang terperinci. Pengetahuan anatomi tentang saraf yang mensarafi bahagian paha adalah amat penting untuk mengenalpasti punca kesakitan yang dialami. Kami ingin melaporkan satu kes yang melibatkan seorang pesakit lelaki berumur 46 tahun, telah didiagnos menghidap kencing manis, darah tinggi, masalah jantung yang telah datang ke Jabatan Kecemasan dan Trauma dengan aduan kesakitan akut pada bahagian lateral paha kanan. Kesakitan yang dialami digambarkan sebagai rasa seperti terbakar, dicucuk dan disertai dengan rasa kebas. Selain itu, terdapat pengurangan sensasi rasa pada bahagian paha yang sakit. Tiada aduan berkaitan sakit pada rangsangan ringan (allodinia) atau sakit yang berlebihan pada rangsangan kuat (hiperalgesia). Bacaan gula darah kapilari ialah 8.4 mmol/l dan keputusan HbA1c ialah 7%. Diagnosis meralgia parestetika telah disahkan setelah semua kemungkinan diagnosis lain tidak dapat dibuktikan melalui pemeriksaan fizikal, ujian makmal dan radiologi (x-ray, ultrasound dan MRI). Keadaan pesakit bertambah baik selepas diberikan rawatan ubat secara oral dan menjalani sesi fisioterapi.

    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography
  11. Fulltext Bilateral Clavicle Fractures: A Case Report
    Bajuri MY, Boon HW
    Malays Orthop J, 2018 Mar;12(1):60-62.
    PMID: 29725518 MyJurnal DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.1803.015
    Bilateral clavicle fractures are not frequently seen. To treat these injuries surgically or non-surgically is still a debatable issue. Implant option for surgical management is also in doubt. We would like to share our experience in treating a patient with bilateral clavicle fracture surgically. He had excellent outcomes in terms of function and radiology. Surgical option for bilateral clavicle fractures promises excellent outcome in terms of early rehabilitation and return in function.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography
  12. Fulltext Radiological findings of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in patients with and without HIV infections
    Radhiana Hassan, Haziq Hussaini Fauzi, Kamil Irsyad Yusoff, Muhammad Faizol Mohd Satar, Hafizah Pasi
    International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2017;16(11):49-49.
    MyJurnal
    Radiological manifestation of pulmonary tuberculosis in HIV positive
    patients is different with HIV negative patients. We aim to determine the differences in
    chest radiological findings of Pulmonary Tuberculosis among HIV and non-HIV infected
    patients in HTAA. (Copied from article).
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography
  13. Fulltext Pedunculated hepatocellular carcinoma: distinguishing features from conventional hepatocellular carcinoma
    Norzila, A.B., Wong, M.P.K.
    International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2016;15(1):110-113.
    MyJurnal
    Malignant pedunculated (exophytic) hepatocellular carcinoma (P-HCC) is a rare entity of hepatocellular
    carcinoma. Due to its unique characteristics, it gives a different spectrum of clinical findings, radiological
    presentation and different management approach with reported better outcome to the patients. We
    present a case report of a lady diagnosed with malignant pedunculated hepatocellular carcinoma.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography
  14. Variation of beam quality correction factor with time: cases for Ne2571 and Ne2581 chambers in the 6 and 10 Mv x-rays beams
    Samat S, Too S, Kadni T, Dollah M
    Sains Malaysiana, 2009;38.
    The values of beam quality correction factor kQ that were experimentally determined from year 2002 to 2008 were analysed. As kQ is the function of ionization chamber and beam quality, the analysis were based on three cases namely (a) kQ(NE2571, 6 MV x-rays) that were determined from 17 measurements in the duration of 69 months at 6 radiotherapy centres, (b) kQ(NE2571, 10 MV x-rays) from 7 measurements in the duration of 12 months at one radiotherapy centre, and (c) kQ(NE2581, 6 MV x-rays) from 5 measurements in the duration of 5 months also at one radiotherapy centre. The purpose is to examine, in each case, the variation kQ for all the measurements. In other words, to see variation kQ with time. Results obtained are 0.993(NE2571, 6 MV), 0.986(NE2571, 10 MV) and 0.986(NE2581, 6 MV). This shows that in each case, despite the difference in the experimental data in getting kQ for all measurement, kQ remains constant with time. Reasons for this are explained.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography
  15. Fulltext Cemental Tear on Maxillary Anterior Incisors: A Description of Clinical, Radiographic, and Histopathological Features of Two Clinical Cases
    Ong TK, Harun N, Lim TW
    Eur Endod J, 2019;4(2):90-95.
    PMID: 32161894 DOI: 10.14744/eej.2019.13007
    In this case report, three teeth with complete or incomplete cemental tear in two patients were presented. Even though periapical radiograph could detect cemental tear in these three teeth, the cone-beam computed tomography scanning clearly revealed the pattern of the cemental tear, which was later confirmed by histopathological examination. Therefore, this case report shows the benefits of incorporating both cone-beam computed tomography and histopathological examination to diagnose cemental tear.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography
  16. An unexpected encounter with jejunal web after foreign bodies entrapment in a toddler
    Yik YI, How AK
    Med J Malaysia, 2019 Jun;74(3):231-233.
    PMID: 31256180
    We present a very rare case of jejunal web discovered after a toddler presented with foreign bodies entrapment, following incidental ingestion. This is perhaps the first case reported in the English publication. Expectant management with spontaneous passage of foreign bodies failed. Serial abdominal radiographs failed to determine the site of the foreign bodies accurately. Endoscopic removal was unsuccessful. Surgical removal was warranted with unexpected intra-operative finding of a jejunal web with foreign body entrapment. Although rare, a congenital intestinal web must be considered in a child presents with failure of expectant management following foreign body ingestion as surgical intervention is necessary.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Abdominal
  17. Fulltext The Agony of the Mystical Practice of Susuk: A Case Report
    Rusly MFR, Md Yasin M, Kamaruddin KN, Nasir NMNM, Mat Nor K
    Am J Case Rep, 2022 Oct 24;23:e937633.
    PMID: 36279262 DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.937633
    BACKGROUND Charm needle, otherwise known as susuk, is a needle-shaped pin inserted subcutaneously into various body parts. It is most commonly inserted by shamans in the orofacial region to grant magical powers to the wearer, such as health, wealth, beauty, and other benefits. These talismans are prevalent among women in South-East Asia countries. CASE REPORT A 75-year-old woman presented with recurrent musculoskeletal symptoms over multiple sites, but physical assessment only revealed mild tenderness over the right hip joint. A plain pelvic radiograph showed incidental findings of susuk around the genital regions, with older skull and pelvic radiograph displaying similar findings. The patient had a susuk insertion more than 20 years ago for marriage stability and beauty. After this incidental discovery, the patient had repeated visits to the clinic to request more imaging to determine whether the susuk were still present after the shaman's attempted mystical removal. She also developed persistent preoccupation, worry, and guilt related to the susuk presence and was referred to psychiatry for further assessment. She was diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder. She was then started on psychotherapy and pharmacological treatment, with simultaneous spiritual therapy. CONCLUSIONS This case report describes the link between susuk implantation and psychological illness. Even though there are no reports that specifically correlate susuk with generalized anxiety disorder, it has been established that guilt and shame have a strong relationship with anxiety.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography
  18. The early development of medial coronoid disease in growing Labrador retrievers: radiographic, computed tomographic, necropsy and micro-computed tomographic findings
    Lau SF, Wolschrijn CF, Hazewinkel HA, Siebelt M, Voorhout G
    Vet J, 2013 Sep;197(3):724-30.
    PMID: 23702281 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2013.04.002
    Medial coronoid disease (MCD) encompasses lesions of the entire medial coronoid process (MCP), both of the articular cartilage and the subchondral bone. To detect the earliest signs of MCD, radiography and computed tomography were used to monitor the development of MCD in 14 Labrador retrievers, from 6 to 7 weeks of age until euthanasia. The definitive diagnosis of MCD was based on necropsy and micro-computed tomography findings. The frequency of MCD in the dogs studied was 50%. Radiographic findings did not provide evidence of MCD, ulnar subtrochlear sclerosis or blunting of the cranial edge of the MCP. Computed tomography was more sensitive (30.8%) than radiography (0%) in detecting early MCD, with the earliest signs detectable at 14 weeks of age. A combination of the necropsy and micro-computed tomography findings of the MCP showed that MCD was manifested as a lesion of only the subchondral bone in dogs <18 weeks of age. In all dogs (affected and unaffected), there was close contact between the base of the MCP and the proximal radial head in the congruent joints. Computed tomography and micro-computed tomography findings indicated that the lesions of MCD probably originated at the base of the MCP.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dog Diseases/radiography; Forelimb/radiography; Joint Diseases/radiography
  19. Radiographic assessment of gastric emptying and gastrointestinal transit time in hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus x O. mossambicus)
    Heng HG, Ong TW, Hassan MD
    Vet Radiol Ultrasound, 2007 3 28;48(2):132-4.
    PMID: 17385370
    Hybrid tilapias (Oreochromis niloticus x O. mossambicus) were studied to determine gastric emptying and gastrointestinal transit time. The fish were divided into two groups. All fish were fasted for 12 h. The first experiment consisted of 11 fish fed with commercial food pellets and then administration of barium sulfate directly into the stomach using a blunt-end needle. Fish were then radiographed at different time intervals. The second experiment consisted of eight fish, which were given only barium sulfate after 12 h of fasting. In the first experiment, the stomach emptied completely, ranging from 4 to 15h postcontrast medium administration, whereas the gastrointestinal transit time ranged between 10 and 26 h. As for the second experiment, the contrast medium was still retained in the stomach in 50% of the fish after 24 h. The study did not proceed beyond 24 h as fish were considered stressed after this period of time. Thus, no data for the gastrointestinal transit time was obtained.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography
  20. Fulltext Susuk or charm needle: a strange object detected on orthodontic diagnostic radiographs
    Varghese E, Samson RS, Nagraj SK, Chandrappa PR
    BMJ Case Rep, 2017 Nov 01;2017.
    PMID: 29092975 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2017-222497
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Panoramic
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