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Fulltext Medication-related knowledge, administration practice and adherence among caregivers of chronically ill children in Malaysia

Chew CC, Chan HK, Chang CT, Hss AS, Hassali MA

BMC Pediatr, 2021 05 03;21(1):216.
PMID: 33941117 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-021-02691-3

BACKGROUND: Caregivers' knowledge, practice and adherence in medication administration who care for children with chronic illness requiring long-term pharmacological treatments are factors associating with children medication safety at home. This study aimed to determine the medication-related knowledge, administration practice and adherence among caregivers of chronically ill children in Malaysia. This cross-sectional study was conducted at the paediatric outpatient clinic of a tertiary public hospital. Caregivers of chronically ill children, who engaged in medication administration at home for at least 3 months, were conveniently recruited. Their medication-related knowledge and administration practice were evaluated based on a checklist, while their adherence to medication administration was assessed using a validated 5-point scale. The associated factors were also explored.
RESULTS: Of the 141 participants, most were mothers (90.8%) and had a full-time job (55.3%). Most of them had adequate medication-related knowledge (71.6%) and an appropriate administration practice (83.0%). The majority of them (83.0%) also rated themselves as adherent to medication administration. The participants with a child above 5 years of age (91.2%) were found to have a better practice than those with younger children (75.3%) in medication administration (p = 0.012). However, those with a child taking two (adjusted OR: 12.53) or three (adjusted OR: 8.29) medications, getting their refills from private health institutions apart from this hospital (adjusted OR = 7.06) and having multiple illnesses (adjusted OR = 21.25) were more likely to be not adherent to medication administration.
CONCLUSION: Caregivers of chronically ill children in Malaysia generally have sufficient knowledge and an appropriate practice of medication administration at home. Yet, strategies to improve the adherence to medication administration, particularly in those who care for children with complicated health conditions, are warranted.

Matched MeSH terms: Chronic Disease
Chronic histiocytic intervillositis in consecutive miscarriages: A potential pitfall in routine examination of conceptus

Mohd Fuad SK, Adznan N, Hayati AR, Virasamy V, Rahim NS

Malays J Pathol, 2020 Dec;42(3):439-444.
PMID: 33361726

INTRODUCTION: Chronic histiocytic intervillositis (CHI) is a rare placental lesion strongly associated with recurrent miscarriages and fetal losses. It requires histopathological diagnosis and can only be made after delivery of the products of conception (POC). We describe a case of CHI in a 41-yearold lady with a 16-year history of thirteen recurrent consecutive first trimester miscarriages.
CASE REPORT: The patient is a 41-year-old lady who suffered first trimester miscarriages in all her thirteen pregnancies. The relevant clinical investigations revealed neither significant nor helpful findings in determining the cause of recurrent miscarriages. Histological findings in each except one of the submitted conceptual tissue showed similar features of histiocytic aggregates primarily within the intervillous spaces, a characteristic description of CHI. One of the samples showed degenerative changes.
DISCUSSION: Practicing pathologists are not familiar with the histological features of CHI and this may be a potential pitfall in routine examination of POCs. Recognising this entity allows for accurate diagnosis and hence better management. The aetiology remains unclear, although an immunopathological basis are being explored.

Matched MeSH terms: Chronic Disease
Fulltext Disputes on escalating proof of vitamin D’s supplementation

Usha, K., Muthuukaruppan, M., Dhanalekshmi, U. M.

International Food Research Journal, 2014;21(6):2075-2081.
MyJurnal

Vitamin D supplementation appears to be potential for reducing risks of cancer, cardiovascular disease, and other chronic diseases, existing evidence on its benefits and risks is inadequate and debatable. Questions remain as to whether supplementation of Vitamin D playing any role in the above mentioned diseases. In the absence of compelling evidence for benefit, taking supplement is producing any risk or not. While sorting the various positive and negative claims for Vitamin D, it attracts an urgent need for further research and review on reports to answer fundamental questions about the risks and benefits of supplementation. There still remains a great need to advance our understanding regarding the effectiveness of Vitamin D. This review gives an overview on disputes of Vitamin D supplementation that is convincing and interventional regarding burning issues of Vitamin D therapy. Beyond its use to prevent osteomalacia or rickets, the evidence for other health effects of vitamin D supplementation in the general inhabitants is conflicting. It is a well known predictability that any effective substance also has unwanted side effects, so clear cut evidence regarding the safety is required before supplementing Vitamin D for pathological conditions and other health benefits.

Matched MeSH terms: Chronic Disease
Fulltext Comparison of protein, total fat, and omega-3 fatty acids content in yellowtail catfish (Pangasius pangasius) and long tail shad (Hilsa (clupea) macrura) in raw and pressurized fish

Asmah, R., Siti Sumaiyah, S.A., Nurul, S.R.

International Food Research Journal, 2014;21(6):2147-2153.
MyJurnal

Omega-3 fatty acids have been shown to reduce the risk of chronic diseases like cardiovascular disease and cancer as well as promote brain development among infants and children. This study was carried out to compare total protein, fat and omega-3 fatty acids content of raw and pressurized fish of P. pangasius (yellowtail catfish) and H. macrura (long tail shad). The fish was cooked using pressure cooker for six minute to be pressurized. The protein content was determined by using Kjedahl method while total fat was determined using solvent extraction using chloroform and methanol. Fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) were prepared by a direct transesterification method, and quantified by gas chromatography using external standard. Results showed that marine fish H. macrura (long tail shad) had higher content (p < 0.05) of protein (18.30 ± 0.040 g/100 g), fat (10.965 ± 1.610 g/100 g), EPA (11.83 ± 0.02 g/100 g) and DHA (5.96 ± 0.31 g/100 g) compared to freshwater fish P. pangasius (yellowtail catfish). The protein content of pressurized fish was higher compare to raw fish, but there was no difference in total fat and omega-3 fatty acids content between raw and pressurized of freshwater fish P. pangasius and marine fish, H. macrura. In conclusion, marine fish are better source of protein, fat and omega-3 content, while pressurized fish shown to have comparable amount of protein, fat and omega-3 fatty acids content with raw fish. The result obtained assist the consumers to prepare a healthy menu in order to retain the protein and omega-3 fatty acids content of fish through healthy way of cooking.

Matched MeSH terms: Chronic Disease
Fulltext Prevalence of self-medication and traditional medication among residents in a village in Sepang, Selangor

Yunus, M.A., Nasir, M.M.T., Nor Afah, M.Z., Sherina, M.S., Leong, C.S.

Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2004;4(2):30-33.
MyJurnal

The aim of this study was to determine the pattern of health care utilization amongst the rural community and the prevalence of complementary health care in Kampung Giching, Sepang, Selangor, A cross sectional study was conducted in 2001. Out of the 154 respondents selected by universal sampling, only 131 completed the questionnaires giving a response rate of 85.1 %. The
respondents were asked to recall the presence of any illness during the past 6 months and their use of health care, Twenty-four respondents claimed to be healthy without having any illness (18,3%), 33 respondents (25,2%) reported that they had chronic illnesses, while the rest (n=74) reported having acute illnesses. There were 54.2% of the respondents admitted trying self-medication and 10.3% seelced traditional medication for their respective illnesses. Among the self»medicated respondents, 48,3% used modem medicine, 48 .3% used traditional medicine, 1.7% used both modern and traditional medicines and 1 .7% respondent used home remedies. The results of this study show that both modern and traditional practitioners play important roles in giving information on self-medication, These practitioners as well as the public should be advised on the benejits and side»e]j"ects of both types of medication (modern and traditional).

Matched MeSH terms: Chronic Disease
Fulltext Primary health care reform in 1Care for 1 Malaysia

Mohamad Noh K

Int J Public Health Res, 2011;1(Special Issue):50-56.
MyJurnal

Primary health care is an approach to health and a spectrum of services beyond the traditional health care system while primary care is just one element within PHC that focuses on health care services. The present status of PHC in Malaysia and the strides it has made in uplifting the health status of the nation is described. The challenges that the Malaysia health system are facing have necessitated a review of the structure of the whole health system and reforms in PHC will ensue in due course. The concept of 1Care, the proposed re-structuring of the health system, is discussed with emphasis on the reform in the PHC delivery system. The reforms are aimed at addressing three main concerns on seamless integration of care especially for the management of chronic diseases, ensuring universal coverage and responsiveness of the health system in the face of increasing client expectations and patient safety. The opportunity for macro reform to improve the health of Malaysians by developing a sustainable and high performing health care system is being seized by the Ministry of Health in 1Care. The micro reforms are discussed as regards to increasing access to services, development of primary health care teams to deliver comprehensive PHC, the application of ICT, the renewed emphasis on health promotion & prevention activities and a renewed focus on community empowerment and participation. Support in terms of human resource, governance & funding models, capacity building in monitoring & evaluation as well as change management to affect the reforms are identified. The paper concludes with lessons learnt from other countries and the importance of systemic reform for a well functioning health delivery system.

Matched MeSH terms: Chronic Disease
Fulltext Bioactivity analysis of lemongrass (Cymbopogan citratus) essential oil

Mirghani, M.E.S., Liyana, Y., Parveen, J.

International Food Research Journal, 2012;19(2):569-575.
MyJurnal

Diseases such as diabetes mellitus and gout are among the chronic diseases affecting worldwide population. Investigation is required to find the alternative approaches to treat these chronic diseases, such as plant based medicine. In this study, lemongrass (Cymbopogan citratus) was chosen and examined on the basis of their usage in traditional medicines throughout Southeast Asia. GCMS analysis revealed the major constituents of the lemongrass essential oil which compromise 67.769% and 67.328% of the total oil respectively. Total phenolic content of the essential oil was analyzed by Folin Ciocalteau method and the results indicated that highest amount of phenolic content was obtained from essential oil extracted from lemongrasses stalk, with phenolic concentration of 2100.769 mg/l GAE. Anti oxidant activity was examined by DPPH scavenging test and the highest inhibition was obtained by essential oil extracted from lemongrass stalk (89.5%). β-glucosidase inhibition assay was carried out using an in-vitro model for anti diabetic test and lemongrass stalk essential oil showed highest degree of inhibitory activity (89.63%). Anti gout test was examined by xanthine oxidase inhibition (XOI) assay with the maximum percentage of xanthine oxidase inhibition of 81.34% obtained from lemongrass stalk essential oil.

Matched MeSH terms: Chronic Disease
Fulltext Quality of life among young adults in rural Selangor: a cross-sectional study

Norfazilah, A., Azmawati, M.N, Madihah, M

Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2015;15(1):0-0.
MyJurnal

This study aimed at measuring the quality of life (QOL) among young adults in rural area of Selangor, and determined the factors that affect the QOL scores. A cross-sectional study was conducted among young adults aged 18 to 39 years in rural area of Hulu Langat district, Selangor with a total sample of 308 selected through simple random sampling. Validated Malay version of WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire was used to measure the QOL, which generated overall QOL score and four domains’ scores of physical health, psychological health, social relationship and environmental QOL. The results showed that the highest mean score was social relationship domain 67.07 (18.87), followed by overall QOL 65.10 (17.92), environmental QOL domain 64.88 (12.83), psychological health domain 60.67 (11.88) and physical health domain 58.23 (11.00). Variables such as unemployment, having chronic diseases and mental distress were found to lower the QOL score.

Matched MeSH terms: Chronic Disease
Fulltext Rejuvenating chronic disease management in Malaysian private general practice - a global perspective

Anis Safura R, Wijesinha S, Piterman L

Malays Fam Physician, 2010;5(1):49-52.
MyJurnal

Rapid epidemiological transition globally has witnessed a rising prevalence of major chronic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidaemia, obesity, chronic respiratory diseases and cancers over the past 30 years. In Malaysia, these conditions are commonly managed in primary care and published evidence has consistently shown suboptimal management and poor disease control. This in turn, has led to the massive burden of treating complications in secondary care, burden to the patients and their families with regards to morbidity and premature death, and burden to the country with regards to premature loss of human capital. The crushing burden and escalating health care costs in managing chronic diseases pose a daunting challenge to our primary care system, as we remain traditionally oriented to care for acute, episodic illnesses. This paper re-examines the current evidence supporting the implementation of Wagner Chronic Care Model in primary care globally; analyses the barriers of implementation of this model in the Malaysian private general practice through SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats) analysis; and discusses fundamental solutions needed to bridge the gap to achieve better outcomes.

Matched MeSH terms: Chronic Disease
Fulltext Chronic disease management in primary care - a review of evidence

Ramli AS

Medical Health Reviews, 2008;2008(1):63-79.
MyJurnal

Primary care practice with its defining features of continuity, comprehensiveness and coordination, is the cornerstone to provide high quality community-based chronic disease management. Poor chronic disease prevention and control at the primary care level will lead to the massive burden of treating complications at secondary care, burden to the patients and their families with regards to morbidity and premature death, and burden to the country with regards to the loss of human capital. Compelling evidence showed that there are innovative and cost-effective interventions to reduce the morbidity and mortality attributable to chronic diseases, but these are rarely translated into high quality population-wide chronic disease care. Primary health care systems around the world were developed in response to acute problems and have remained so despite the increasing prevalence of chronic conditions. An evolution of primary health care system beyond the acute care model to embrace the concept of caring for long term health problems is imperative in the wake of the rising epidemic of chronic diseases. This paper aims to review the evidence supporting high quality and innovative chronic disease management models in primary care and the applicability of this approach in low and middle income countries.

Matched MeSH terms: Chronic Disease
Fulltext Milk derived bioactive peptides and their impact on human health - A review

Mohanty DP, Mohapatra S, Misra S, Sahu PS

Saudi J Biol Sci, 2016 Sep;23(5):577-83.
PMID: 27579006 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2015.06.005

Milk-derived bioactive peptides have been identified as potential ingredients of health-promoting functional foods. These bioactive peptides are targeted at diet-related chronic diseases especially the non-communicable diseases viz., obesity, cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. Peptides derived from the milk of cow, goat, sheep, buffalo and camel exert multifunctional properties, including anti-microbial, immune modulatory, anti-oxidant, inhibitory effect on enzymes, anti-thrombotic, and antagonistic activities against various toxic agents. Majority of those regulate immunological, gastrointestinal, hormonal and neurological responses, thereby playing a vital role in the prevention of cancer, osteoporosis, hypertension and other disorders as discussed in this review. For the commercial production of such novel bioactive peptides large scale technologies based on membrane separation and ion exchange chromatography methods have been developed. Separation and identification of those peptides and their pharmacodynamic parameters are necessary to transfer their potent functional properties into food applications. The present review summarizes the preliminary classes of bioactive milk-derived peptides along with their physiological functions, general characteristics and potential applications in health-care.

Matched MeSH terms: Chronic Disease
Fulltext Transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TES) for treatment of constipation in children

Ng RT, Lee WS, Ang HL, Teo KM, Yik YI, Lai NM

Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2016 Jul 05;7:CD010873.
PMID: 27378432 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD010873.pub2

BACKGROUND: Childhood constipation is a common problem with substantial health, economic and emotional burdens. Existing therapeutic options, mainly pharmacological, are not consistently effective, and some are associated with adverse effects after prolonged use. Transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TES), a non-pharmacological approach, is postulated to facilitate bowel movement by modulating the nerves of the large bowel via the application of electrical current transmitted through the abdominal wall.
OBJECTIVES: Our main objective was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of TES when employed to improve bowel function and constipation-related symptoms in children with constipation.
SEARCH METHODS: We searched MEDLINE (PubMed) (1950 to July 2015), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (The Cochrane Library, Issue 7, 2015), EMBASE (1980 to July 2015), the Cochrane IBD Group Specialized Register, trial registries and conference proceedings to identify applicable studies .
SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomized controlled trials that assessed any type of TES, administered at home or in a clinical setting, compared to no treatment, a sham TES, other forms of nerve stimulation or any other pharmaceutical or non-pharmaceutical measures used to treat constipation in children were considered for inclusion.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two authors independently assessed studies for inclusion, extracted data and assessed risk of bias of the included studies. We calculated the risk ratio (RR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) for categorical outcomes data and the mean difference (MD) and corresponding 95% CI for continuous outcomes.
MAIN RESULTS: One study from Australia including 46 children aged 8 to 18 years was eligible for inclusion. There were multiple reports identified, including one unpublished report, that focused on different outcomes of the same study. The study had unclear risk of selection bias, high risks of performance, detection and attrition biases, and low risks of reporting biases.There were no significant differences between TES and the sham control group for the following outcomes: i).number of children with > 3 complete spontaneous bowel movements (CSBM) per week (RR 1.07, 95% CI 0.74 to 1.53, one study, 42 participants) (
QUALITY OF EVIDENCE: very low, due to high risk of bias and serious imprecision ), ii). number of children with improved colonic transit assessed radiologically (RR 5.00, 95% CI 0.79 to 31.63; one study, 21 participants) (
QUALITY OF EVIDENCE: very low, due to high risk of bias, serious imprecision and indirectness of the outcome). However, mean colonic transit rate, measured as the position of the geometric centre of the radioactive substance ingested along the intestinal tract, was significantly higher in children who received TES compared to sham (MD 1.05, 95% CI 0.36 to 1.74; one study, 30 participants) (
QUALITY OF EVIDENCE: very low, due to high risk of bias , serious imprecision and indirectness of the outcome). There was no significant difference between the two groups in the number of children with improved soiling-related symptoms (RR 2.08, 95% CI 0.86 to 5.00; one study, 25 participants) (
QUALITY OF EVIDENCE: very low, due to high risk of bias and serious imprecision). There was no significant difference in the number of children with improved quality of life (QoL) (RR 4.00, 95% CI 0.56 to 28.40; one study, 16 participants) (
QUALITY OF EVIDENCE: very low, due to high risk of bias issues and serious imprecision ). There were also no significant differences in in self-perceived (MD 5.00, 95% CI -1.21 to 11.21) or parent-perceived QoL (MD -0.20, 95% CI -7.57 to 7.17, one study, 33 participants for both outcomes) (QUALITY OF EVIDENCE for both outcomes: very low, due to high risk of bias and serious imprecision). No adverse effects were reported in the included study.
AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: The very low quality evidence gathered in this review does not suggest that TES provides a benefit for children with chronic constipation. Further randomized controlled trials assessing TES for the management of childhood constipation should be conducted. Future trials should include clear documentation of methodologies, especially measures to evaluate the effectiveness of blinding, and incorporate patient-important outcomes such as the number of patients with improved CSBM, improved clinical symptoms and quality of life.

Matched MeSH terms: Chronic Disease
Membranous glomerulonephritis and chronic hepatitis

Wang F, Menon A, Murugasu R, Prathap K

Med J Malaysia, 1977 Sep;32(1):78-81.
PMID: 609351
Matched MeSH terms: Chronic Disease
Fulltext Cost of type 2 diabetes mellitus in selected developing countries

Wan Norlida Ibrahim, Syed Aljunid, Aniza Ismail

Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2010;10(2):68-71.
MyJurnal

Increasing prevalence of chronic diseases is a major contributor for rapid rise in healthcare cost in developing countries since the last decade. It was estimated that around 54% of deaths in developing countries are due to chronic non-communicable diseases which is predicted to rise by 65% by 2030. Diabetes mellitus is among the most prevalent chronic diseases suffered by more than 180 million people worldwide. By 2030 it is estimated that around 400 million people in the world will be afflicted with diabetes. Annual deaths attributable to diabetes are probably as high as 3 million with more than 80% occur in developing countries. India, China and Indonesia are three countries in the Asian region with most number of people with diabetes. The total number of cases in these three countries is expected to increase more than double from 61 million in 2000 to 163 million in 2030. China and India will suffer cumulative GDP loss of 13.8% and 16.7% respectively, over the next ten year period. Assessing economic burden of diabetes is a challenging task for researchers because identification of direct and indirect cost of the disease is often complex since patients with diabetes also suffers from other complications and co-morbidities. In conclusion, the heavy economic burden of diabetes pose major challenges to health policy makers in developing countries to assess the current approach in managing this chronic disease. Serious efforts should be made on focusing and up-scaling activities on health promotion and prevention of diabetes so that to provide a more cost-effective solution to this condition with huge and increasing economic loss.

Matched MeSH terms: Chronic Disease
Fulltext Spirituality and mental adjustment as coping strategies among women with breast cancer

Raja Lexshimi, R.G., Mohd Fahmi, E., Lee, S.C., Nor Suhana, H., Norhazirah, H., Sh Ezat, A.

Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2014;14(1):1-9.
MyJurnal

Spirituality and mental adjustment have been widely adopted as coping strategies among women with breast cancer. Little information was available locally on the use of spirituality and mental adjustment as coping mechanisms to fight breast cancer. A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess spirituality and mental adjustment as coping strategies and its association with socio demographic data on 216 women with breast cancer. The Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spiritual Well-Being (FACIT-Sp) and Mental Adjustment to Cancer (MAC) Scales were used to assess spirituality and mental adjustment. Negative correlation between spiritual well-being and helplessness/hopelessness (r=-0.690; p=0.000), anxious preoccupation (r=-0.277; p=0.000) and avoidance (r=-0.235; p=0.000) and positive correlation between spiritual well-being and fighting spirit (r=0.668; p=0.000) were identified. Socio-demographic factors such as race (p=0.000), religion (p=0.000), academic qualification (p=0.004) and type of surgery (p=0.016) revealed significant relationship with spiritual well-being. Fighting spirit, hopelessness/helplessness and anxious preoccupation also yielded significant relationship with race (p

Matched MeSH terms: Chronic Disease
Fulltext Breast cancer as a chronic illness: implications for rehabilitation and medical education

Loh, S.Y., Yip, C.H.

JUMMEC, 2006;9(2):3-11.
MyJurnal

Evidence suggests that breast cancer is taking the form of a chronic illness. This will add on to the present burden of managing chronic diseases in the healthcare delivery system. The burden of breast cancer being a chronic illness, calls for greater efforts to address the many neglected, physical-psycho-social and occupational functioning consequences. Timely efforts are needed to identify and implement interventions that are aim at improving the quality of life of women with breast cancer. At present, research evidence is highlighting that chronic diseases may best be managed using a self-management approach, and best treated by a balance of traditional medical care and the day-to-day practice of self-management skills. This paper presents the perspective of breast cancer as a chronic illness and its implication for rehabilitation and medical education. It is imperative that health professionals be made aware of these survivorship issues through medical education. The goals are to reduce the many disability risks, encourage patient-health provider communication and enhance partnership in care, within a timely, holistic therapeutic program to improve the quality of life of women with breast cancer.

Matched MeSH terms: Chronic Disease
Fulltext Weight loss practice using physical activity among working women in Klang Valley, Malaysia

Sena Abdullah Abdul Jabbar Al-Qalah, Hasanain Faisal Ghazi, Zaleha Md.Isa, Norimah A. Karim

Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2014;14(3):0-0.
MyJurnal

An increase in physical activity is a key component for effective weight loss. It helps to control weight loss by using excess calories as well as boosting metabolism and lowering insulin levels. Physical activity also helps prevent many chronic diseases and improve the overall human health. The objective of this study was to assess weight loss practice using physical activity strategies among working women in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. A total of 639 adult Malaysian working women were screened and 120 respondents were identified based on their experience of losing at least 10% of their highest lifetime body weight, which is a criterion for successful weight-loss. Self-administered questionnaire was used to collect information from 120 successful weight loss respondents. Physical activity was measured by using International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) short version. Results showed that 35.8% of women had low physical activity level; slightly above than one third of women (38.3%) had moderate activity level, while 25.8% women had high physical activity level.The most common physical activity monitoring strategies implemented were exercise at least 30 minutes per day (22.5%) and incorporate physical activity into daily life (21.7%). A total of 70.8% women regained weight after significant weight loss. A total of 40.0% who regained weight as compared to 25.7% of those who did not regain weight were physically inactive (p=0.138). There was no statistically significant different in daily sitting time between the two groups (p=0.627). As a conclusion, government working women in Kuala Lumpur have low to moderate physical activity levels. Majority women regained weight after significant weight loss. Common strategies to lose weight are exercise at least 30 minutes per day and incorporate physical activity into daily life. More education and promotion regarding the importance of physical activity should be done to all community members especially to the government working women.

Matched MeSH terms: Chronic Disease
Fulltext Late-life leisure constraints among Malaysian elderly: a qualitative approach

Minhat, H.S., Mohd Amin, R., Shamsuddin, K.

Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2012;12(2):24-30.
MyJurnal

Leisure involvement is an essential element in the daily life of the elderly people. Little is known, however, about the perceived leisure constraints among them, especially among the increasing elderly population in Malaysia. This study aims to explore constraints perceived by the elderly that prevent them from actively involved in leisure. In depth interviews were conducted, involving a total of 20 elderly aged 60 years and above with stratification by background characteristics. Each interview was conducted for an average of 15 to 30 minutes and discontinued when a saturation point was achieved. They were purposively selected from two health clinics located in two different districts in the state of Selangor, representing an urban and a rural area. Elderly participation in leisure activities was constrained by many factors. These factors can be divided into individual, family and community factors such as increasing age and related physical deterioration , education level, health status and the existence of chronic illness, absence of family member or friends to perform the activity together and non-conducive environment. The constraints should be endorsed and acknowledged by the relevant agencies and authorities in order to facilitate effective implementation of related policies, strategies and programmes to improve the health of the elderly people. These include the provision of appropriate services and facilities to cater senior citizens from various health and demographic perspectives.

Matched MeSH terms: Chronic Disease
Fulltext Physical and Mental Health Problems of the Elderly in Nursing Homes in Kuantan, Pahang

Samsul Draman, Mohd Aznan, Md Aris

International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2007;6(1):1-11.
MyJurnal

Aim of study: To describe the residents of nursing home for the elderly in relation to their socio-demographic, physical and mental profiles. Method: A cross-sectional study design was carried out. The elderly in two selected nursing homes in Kuantan, Pahang were interviewed. The respondents were interviewed using a structured questionnaire which included the biodata, social background, and medical illness, presence of cognition, depression and ability to perform basic activities of daily living (ADL). Results: Results are available for 36 respondents out of 41 residents, giving a response rate of 87.8%. Chinese (77.8%), male (63.9%), single or divorced (50%), and low income (69.4%) was consisted the majority. Most respondents (86.1%) suffered from chronic illness, 61.1% were functional dependent (according to Barthel index), 33.3% have cognitive impairment (according ECAQ) and 22.2% have depression (according to GDS-14). The most common functional dependence was mobility on level surface (47.2%), followed by climbing stairs (38.9%).Conclusion: This study had identified chronic illness, cognitive impairment, depression, and functional decline as major health problems of the elderly in nursing homes that require greater attention and intervention.

Matched MeSH terms: Chronic Disease
Fulltext Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM): a comparative study between nursing and medical students

Intan Idiana Hassan, Nurul Husna Abd Hadi, Soon, Lean Keng

Education in Medicine Journal, 2012;4(2):94-99.
MyJurnal

In recent years, the popularity of using complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) as a health care option has increased dramatically all over the world especially in developing countries. As Malaysian statistics showed an increased in chronic diseases among our population, the demand to consume CAM for healing process as well as in pursuit of health and well-being also has increased. Thus it increased patient’s interest to request more information from medical practitioners and nurses who are front health care providers. The objective of this study is to compare the knowledge, attitudes, and practice (KAP) of CAM among final year nursing and medical students in Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM). A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted among final year medical and nursing students using self administered questionnaire. This study utilized the Knowledge-Attitude-Practice (KAP) model to explain how level of knowledge may reflect nursing and medical students’ attitudes and practice of CAMs. There were 74 students participated where 33 of them were nursing students, and 41 were medical students. Independent t-test was used to compare the KAP of CAM between both groups of students and there was a significant different. As a conclusion, this study revealed that nursing students were more knowledgeable about CAM, possessed positive attitudes, and more willing to practice CAM compared to medical students.

Matched MeSH terms: Chronic Disease

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