MyMedR

This is a case report of ascaris worm in the common bile duct in a 61 year old lady. Ultrasound diagnosis was initially made based on the presence of linear hyperreflective foci within the common bile duct. ERCP confirmed a single worm within the duct. Balloon extraction was then successfully carried out following papillotomy. This case illustrates the value of ultrasound in the definitive diagnosis of biliary ascariasis and the therapeutic role of ERCP.

Matched MeSH terms: Ascariasis/diagnosis*; Ascariasis/parasitology; Ascariasis/therapy; Ascariasis/ultrasonography

Skin test suggesting human toxocariasis in West Malaysia

Bisseru B

Med J Malaya, 1968 Sep;23(1):35-40.

PMID: 4237554

Matched MeSH terms: Ascariasis/epidemiology*

Fulltext Red palm olein-enriched biscuit supplementation lowers Ascaris lumbricoides reinfection at 6-month after anthelmintic treatment among schoolchildren with vitamin A deficiency (VAD)

Tan PY, Loganathan R, Teng KT, Lee SC, Mohd Johari SN, Selvaduray KR, et al.

Acta Trop, 2023 Apr;240:106860.

PMID: 36775004 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.106860

Notwithstanding the global efforts made to control intestinal parasitic infections, soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections are still one of the most prevalent infections globally, especially in developing countries. A double-blinded, randomized controlled trial was conducted on 343 primary schoolchildren (8-12 years old) with vitamin A deficiency (VAD) in rural areas of Malaysia to investigate the effects of red palm olein (RPO)-enriched biscuits on STH reinfection rates and infection intensities. The effects of the RPO-enriched biscuits (experimental group, n = 153) and palm olein (PO)-enriched biscuits (control group, n = 190), were assessed at 3- and 6-month after the administration of complete triple-dose albendazole (one dose of 400 mg for three consecutive days). The overall STH infection rate at baseline was recorded at 65.6%. At 6-month, a significantly lower reinfection rate of A. lumbricoides was observed in the experimental group (35.3%) compared to the control group (60.0%) (P0.05). These findings suggest the potential beneficial effects of RPO-enriched biscuit supplementation on the reinfection of A. lumbricoides, which could be attributed to its high carotenoids content by enhancing host immune response and mucosal epithelium integrity. However, further studies are warranted to confirm whether RPO supplementation could result in similar parasite-specific beneficial effects in other community settings, as well as to explore the underlying mechanisms.

Matched MeSH terms: Ascariasis*

Ascaris cholecystitis and cholangitis: an experience in Myanmar

Lwin M, Tint KS

J R Coll Surg Edinb, 1994 Aug;39(4):243-5.

PMID: 7807458

Twenty-seven cases of ascaris cholecystitis and cholangitis were managed in a surgical unit of a general hospital in Yangon, Myanmar, from January 1989 to March 1990. Nineteen women and eight men with a mean age of 42 years were studied. Main clinical manifestations were right hypochondrial pain, fever, chills, rigors, nausea, vomiting and jaundice. Diagnosis was established by abdominal ultrasonograms in all cases. Laparotomy was performed in all cases because of failure to respond to initial conservative treatment. Live and dead ascarids were found in the gall bladder and biliary ductal system. Cholecystectomy, bile duct exploration, worm extraction and T-tube drainage were done in all cases. There were no deaths. Two patients developed minor wound sepsis. During the follow-up period ranging from 3 to 12 months, there was no recurrence of symptoms in all patients. All patients were given antihelminthics before discharge and three weeks later.

Matched MeSH terms: Ascariasis/complications*; Ascariasis/diagnosis; Ascariasis/drug therapy

Aggregation and predisposition to Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura at the familial level

Chan L, Bundy DA, Kan SP

Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1994 1 1;88(1):46-8.

PMID: 8153999 DOI: 10.1016/0035-9203(94)90492-8

This study examines the persistence of familial aggregation and familial predisposition to Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura infection over 2 periods of treatment and reinfection, in an urban community in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Both parasite species were shown to be aggregated (assessed by the variance to mean ratio) within families at all 3 interventions, although no consistent trend in aggregation was observed over the period of the study. Associations between mean A. lumbricoides and T. trichiura infection levels of families, at all 3 interventions, were highly significant (P < 0.0001), suggesting persistent predisposition at the family level.

Matched MeSH terms: Ascariasis/drug therapy; Ascariasis/genetics; Ascariasis/epidemiology*

Fulltext Biliary ascariasis

Ding PH

Med J Malaysia, 1995 Mar;50(1):118-9.

PMID: 7752968

Matched MeSH terms: Ascariasis/diagnosis*; Ascariasis/drug therapy; Ascariasis/surgery*

Notes on a case of infantile ascariasis

Scharff JW

Malayan Medical Journal, 1926;1:3.

Matched MeSH terms: Ascariasis

Some complications of ascariasis

Kanagarayer K

Malayan Medical Journal, 1928;3:164-6.

Matched MeSH terms: Ascariasis

Ascaris lumbricoides in the Singapore garrison

Walker JHC

Malayan Medical Journal, 1927;2:148-50.

Matched MeSH terms: Ascariasis

Fulltext Geographical distribution of soil transmitted helminths and the effects of community type in South Asia and South East Asia - A systematic review

Silver ZA, Kaliappan SP, Samuel P, Venugopal S, Kang G, Sarkar R, et al.

PLoS Negl Trop Dis, 2018 01;12(1):e0006153.

PMID: 29346440 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006153

BACKGROUND: Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections are among the most prevalent neglected tropical diseases (NTD) worldwide. Since the publication of the WHO road map to combat NTD in 2012, there has been a renewed commitment to control STH. In this study, we analysed the geographical distribution and effect of community type on prevalence of hookworm, Trichuris and Ascaris in south Asia and south east Asia.

METHODOLOGY: We conducted a systematic review of open-access literature published in PubMed Central and the Global Atlas of Helminth Infection. A total of 4182 articles were available and after applying selection criteria, 174 studies from the region were retained for analysis.

PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Ascaris was the commonest STH identified with an overall prevalence of 18% (95% CI, 14-23%) followed by Trichuris (14%, 9-19%) and hookworm (12%, 9-15%). Hookworm prevalence was highest in Laos, Vietnam and Cambodia. We found a geographical overlap in countries with high prevalence rates for Trichuris and Ascaris (Malaysia, Philippines, Myanmar, Vietnam and Bangladesh). When the effect of community type was examined, prevalence rates of hookworm was comparable in rural (19%, 14-24%) and tribal communities (14%, 10-19%). Tribal communities, however, showed higher prevalence of Trichuris (38%, 18-63%) and Ascaris (32%, 23-43%) than rural communities (13%, 9-20% and 14%, 9-20% respectively). Considerable between and within country heterogeneity in the distribution of STH (I2 >90%) was also noted. When available data from school aged children (SAC) were analysed, prevalence of Ascaris (25% 16-31%) and Trichuris (22%, 14-34%) were higher than among the general population while that of hookworm (10%, 7-16%) was comparable.

CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Our analysis showed significant variation in prevalence rates between and within countries in the region. Highlighting the importance of community type in prevalence and species mix, we showed that tribal and rural communities had higher hookworm infections than urban communities and for ascariasis and trichuriasis, tribal populations had higher levels of infection than rural populations. We also found a higher prevalence of ascariasis and trichuriasis in SAC compared to the general population but comparable levels of hookworm infections. These key findings need to be taken into account in planning future MDA and other interventions.

Matched MeSH terms: Ascariasis/epidemiology*

Three cases of Ascaris lumbricoides small bowel obstruction with volvulus

Roe TN, Lal K, Cawkell WA

Med J Malaya, 1968 Sep;23(1):78-9.

PMID: 4237564

Matched MeSH terms: Ascariasis/complications*

Granulomatous peritonitis due to Ascaris eggs

Ahluwalia HS

Med J Malaya, 1965 Jun;19(4):316-7.

PMID: 4220859

Matched MeSH terms: Ascariasis/complications*

Helminthic infections among domestic dogs in and around Kuala Lumpur--a preliminary report

Ramachandran CP, Balasingam E, Lim BL

Med J Malaya, 1968 Mar;22(3):241.

PMID: 4234375

Matched MeSH terms: Ascariasis/veterinary*

Helminthiases in peninsular Malaysia--prevalence and density of infestation of hookworm, Ascaris and trichuris in rural school children

Lo EK, Varughese J, Ghouse A, Noor M

Med J Malaysia, 1979 Dec;34(2):95-9.

PMID: 548726

Matched MeSH terms: Ascariasis/epidemiology

RESULTS OF FILARIASIS CONTROL PROGRAMME IN THE FEDERATION OF MALAYA

SANDOSHAM AA

Med J Malaysia, 1964 Mar;18:137-50.

PMID: 14157180

Matched MeSH terms: Ascariasis*

Factors influencing the egg production of Ascaris lumbricoides: relationship to weight, length and diameter of worms

Sinniah B, Subramaniam K

J Helminthol, 1991 Jun;65(2):141-7.

PMID: 1880388

Fifty children aged 6 to 13 years and infected with Ascaris lumbricoides were selected for the study. The number of eggs laid daily by a female Ascaris increased with increase in its length, weight and diameter. Female worms became mature and started laying eggs when they reached a length of 118 mm. Adult female worms measuring 3.7 mm or more in diameter were found to be mature. The minimum weight of a worm producing eggs was 1.1 g. On average the number of eggs produced by the female decreased with increase in the worm load.

Matched MeSH terms: Ascariasis/parasitology*

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