MyMedR

On some graphs of finite metabelian groups of order less than 24

Ibrahim Gambo, Nor Haniza Sarmin, Sanaa Mohamed Saleh Omer

MATEMATIKA, 2019;35(2):237-247.

MyJurnal

In this work, a non-abelian metabelian group is represented by G while represents conjugacy class graph. Conjugacy class graph of a group is that graph associated with the conjugacy classes of the group. Its vertices are the non-central conjugacy classes of the group, and two distinct vertices are joined by an edge if their cardinalities are not coprime. A group is referred to as metabelian if there exits an abelian normal subgroup in which the factor group is also abelian. It has been proven earlier that 25 non-abelian metabelian groups which have order less than 24, which are considered in this work, exist. In this article, the conjugacy class graphs of non-abelian metabelian groups of order less than 24 are determined as well as examples of some finite groups associated to other graphs are given.

Matched MeSH terms: Head

Fulltext Comparison of higher-order aberration values between different aberrometry technologies in preoperative laser refractive surgery patients

Md Muziman Syah, Khairidzan Mohd Kamal, Najwa Munirah Mohd Yusof, Aminul Hakim Sofian Sauri, Noor Atikah Mad1 and Nurul Hana

International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2017;16(11):16-16.

MyJurnal

Purpose of this study was to evaluate the inter-device agreement of ocular
and corneal higher-order aberration measurements using various aberrometers. (Copied from article).

Matched MeSH terms: Head

General form of domination polynomial for two types of graphs associated to dihedral groups

Nabilah Najmuddin, Nor Haniza Sarmin, Ahmad Erfanian

MATEMATIKA, 2019;35(2):149-155.

MyJurnal

A domination polynomial is a type of graph polynomial in which its coefficients represent the number of dominating sets in the graph. There are many researches being done on the domination polynomial of some common types of graphs but not yet for graphs associated to finite groups. Two types of graphs associated to finite groups are the conjugate graph and the conjugacy class graph. A graph of a group G is called a conjugate graph if the vertices are non-central elements of G and two distinct vertices are adjacent if they are conjugate to each other. Meanwhile, a conjugacy class graph of a group G is a graph in which its vertices are the non-central conjugacy classes of G and two distinct vertices are connected if and only if their class cardinalities are not coprime. The conjugate and conjugacy class graph of dihedral groups can be expressed generally as a union of complete graphs on some vertices. In this paper, the domination polynomials are computed for the conjugate and conjugacy class graphs of the dihedral groups.

Matched MeSH terms: Head

Fulltext Research and design of ergonomics rostrum

Mohamad Norashraf Mohd Noh, Hari Krishnan, Roseni Abd Aziz, Raemy Md Zein, Noorul Azreen Azis

Journal of Occupational Safety and Health, 2015;12(1):183-186.

MyJurnal

This invention is more on ergonomics scope. This ergonomics rostrum fulfills the ergonomics criteria especially
when used while standing. The important parts in this invention are rostrum head and platform. The rostrum head is
adjustable so the users can set the height of rostrum head for their suitability and comfort. Another important part in
this invention is platform. The purpose of the platform is to help users reach the rostrum head. The platform can flip
into the rostrum body. This invention can be used by anyone especially for Malaysian people because its designed was
based on the Malaysian height.

Matched MeSH terms: Head

Transoral Surgical Excision Of A Parapharyngeal Space Tumour: Case Report And Literature Review

Awang NMSH, Haron A, Abdullah B

Gulf J Oncolog, 2021 Sep;1(37):85-90.

PMID: 35152200

BACKGROUND: The parapharyngeal tumour is a rare case of head and neck tumour. Benign and malignant tumours can arise from any of the structures contained within the parapharyngeal space. Pleomorphic adenoma is the most typical salivary gland tumour that is found in this space and surgical resection is the main treatment for this tumour. Since the modern era of the medicine, different kinds of diagnostic imaging and surgical approaches have been introduced to evaluate this tumour.

CASE PRESENTATION: We present a case report of a parapharyngeal space mass that was found to be pleomorphic adenoma of minor salivary gland, their clinical presentation, radiological imaging and literature review of the transoral surgical approaches for parapharyngeal tumour.

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The transoral approach remains one of the classical and effective methods for the resection of the benign prestyloid parapharyngeal tumour. The surgeons need to have a good knowledge of diagnostic imaging and surgical techniques to determine which surgical procedure is the best for the patients in order to eradicate the diseases and minimize the complications ultimately.

Matched MeSH terms: Head and Neck Neoplasms*

Exploration of motorcyclists' red-light running and helmet use at signalized intersections in Ghana

Amegah ML, Adanu EK, Kolawole Ojo T, Bukari S, Asare-Akuffo F

Traffic Inj Prev, 2023;24(1):94-97.

PMID: 36178858 DOI: 10.1080/15389588.2022.2127321

OBJECTIVE: There is a dearth of empirical studies on motorcyclists' red-light running and helmet use at signalized intersections in low and middle-income countries like Ghana, Nigeria and Malaysia. This study seeks to fill the gap by looking at red-light running and helmet use at signalized intersections in the Cape Coast metropolis, Ghana. The study also identified potential areas of intervention to reduce the dangers posed by motorcyclists' red-light running in the Cape Coast Metropolis without the use of a helmet.

METHOD: A naturalistic exploratory un-obstructive observational approach was used in assessing this phenomenon. The relationship between motorcyclists' behaviors and motorcyclists' observed demographic characteristics, the locality of the intersection, time of the week and presence of pillion passengers were analyzed. Chi-Square test of independence was used to establish the statistically significant relationships between dependent and independent variables.

RESULTS: In all, 2,225 motorcyclists and 744 pillion passengers were observed. The results revealed that 33.1% of the motorcyclists ran a red light with 45.4% not using a helmet. Red-light running at signalized intersections was significantly linked to the locality of the intersection, time of the week, and helmet use. The helmet use was low and significantly associated with the presence of a pillion passenger and whether the pillion passenger used a helmet or not.

CONCLUSION: Red-light running is influenced by locality of intersection, time of the week and helmet use. Efforts to reduce red-light running and improve helmet use should involve road safety education, awareness creation, and enforcement of traffic laws by the officials of the National Road Safety Authority and Motor Transport and Traffic Department of the Ghana Police Service. City managers in other low and middle-income countries can use the findings in the study to inform policy.

Matched MeSH terms: Head Protective Devices*

Head and Neck Cancer

Ch'ng ES

N Engl J Med, 2020 May 14;382(20):e57.

PMID: 32402178 DOI: 10.1056/NEJMc2001370

Matched MeSH terms: Head and Neck Neoplasms*

Fulltext Graph-based extractive text summarization method for Hausa text

Bichi AA, Samsudin R, Hassan R, Hasan LRA, Ado Rogo A

PLoS One, 2023;18(5):e0285376.

PMID: 37159449 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285376

Automatic text summarization is one of the most promising solutions to the ever-growing challenges of textual data as it produces a shorter version of the original document with fewer bytes, but the same information as the original document. Despite the advancements in automatic text summarization research, research involving the development of automatic text summarization methods for documents written in Hausa, a Chadic language widely spoken in West Africa by approximately 150,000,000 people as either their first or second language, is still in early stages of development. This study proposes a novel graph-based extractive single-document summarization method for Hausa text by modifying the existing PageRank algorithm using the normalized common bigrams count between adjacent sentences as the initial vertex score. The proposed method is evaluated using a primarily collected Hausa summarization evaluation dataset comprising of 113 Hausa news articles on ROUGE evaluation toolkits. The proposed approach outperformed the standard methods using the same datasets. It outperformed the TextRank method by 2.1%, LexRank by 12.3%, centroid-based method by 19.5%, and BM25 method by 17.4%.

Matched MeSH terms: Head*

Expression Profile of Circulating Exosomal microRNAs in Leukoplakia, Oral Submucous Fibrosis, and Combined Lesions of Leukoplakia and Oral Submucous Fibrosis

Yasothkumar D, Ramani P, Jayaraman S, Ramalingam K, Tilakaratne WM

Head Neck Pathol, 2024 Mar 27;18(1):28.

PMID: 38536520 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-024-01627-4

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to elucidate the expression of circulating exosomal miRNAs miRNA 21, miRNA 184, and miRNA 145 in the studied groups, including patients with (i) leukoplakia; (ii) oral submucous fibrosis; (iii) oral submucous fibrosis with leukoplakia; (iv) oral squamous cell carcinoma; and (v) healthy individuals.

STUDY DESIGN: An observational study was conducted among 54 patients who reported to the outpatient department of Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals. The patients were divided into three groups: Group I healthy individuals (n = 18), Group II: case group (leukoplakia, OSMF, and leukoplakia and OSMF) (n = 18), and Group III: OSCC (n = 18). Real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis was carried out to assess the expression profiles of miRNA 21, miRNA 184, and miRNA 145. The statistical analysis was calculated using SPSS software version 23.

RESULTS: All three miRNAs showed a statistically significant difference in the one-way ANOVA test between the case group (leukoplakia, OSMF, and leukoplakia and OSMF), healthy group, and OSCC group (p

Matched MeSH terms: Head and Neck Neoplasms*

Cervical dysplasia - A follow-up study of 118 cases by cytologic smears

Pillay B, Gregory ARA, Subbiah M, Yap SK

Family Physician, 1993;5:34-36.

118 cases of cervical dysplasia were followed up by cytological smears for over 9 years to determine their biologic outcome. All grades of dysplasia showed evidence of regression and progression to more severe lesions, including carcinoma. Severe dysplasia however did not regress to normalcy and had the maximum conversion rates to malignancy. The period taken for transition to malignancy was found to be shorter than that generally described. Since even mild dysplasia carries with it a malignant potential, all patients with cervical dysplasia, irrespective of the grade, have to be followed up by repeated clinical and cytological examinations.

Matched MeSH terms: Head

Fulltext JUMMEC: taking stock, consolidation and gaining in strength

Rosmawati Mohamed, Low, Wah Yun

JUMMEC, 2006;9(2):1-2.

MyJurnal

The year 2005 marked the rebirth of JUMMEC when the Editorial Board took over from its previous Editor with modest but realistic expectations. One year on, we have successfully achieved our initial expectation, that is, to encourage greater participation from our junior academics to write and publish in our very own journal, JUMMEC. As we head towards the end of 2006 and prepare to usher in 2007, we see JUMMEC consolidating and gaining in strength. Let us reflect on its past achievements and our expectations for the future.(Copied from article).

Matched MeSH terms: Head

Fulltext Anger danger on the ear

Irfan Mohamad, Yaroko, Aliyu A., Fard, Kambiz Karimian

Archives of Orofacial Sciences, 2012;7(1):41-42.

MyJurnal

Assault injury can occur to any parts of the body. Usually the target area is the head, neck, chest and abdomen as they contain many major structures that are vital for life. However, movement of the victim few seconds before the instrument reach the body can redirect the impact to the less fatal part of the body. The outcome may be less fatal but can lead to cosmetically unacceptable condition. (Copied form article).

Matched MeSH terms: Head

Fulltext The combined Platysma and Temporalis flap: an alternative method of reconstructing the cheek defect

Wan Mahadzir Mustafa, Khairulzaman Adnan

International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2017;16(21):59-59.

MyJurnal

: Reconstruction of the primary defect following resection of primary tumour is part of
the surgical treatment of head and neck cancer.The present paper reports a case of reconstruction
of medium size through and through defect of the cheek with the transverse platysma
myocutaneous flap combined with the temporalis flap. (Copied from article).

Matched MeSH terms: Head and Neck Neoplasms

Fulltext Microwave brain imaging system to detect brain tumor using metamaterial loaded stacked antenna array

Hossain A, Islam MT, Beng GK, Kashem SBA, Soliman MS, Misran N, et al.

Sci Rep, 2022 Oct 01;12(1):16478.

PMID: 36183039 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20944-8

In this paper, proposes a microwave brain imaging system to detect brain tumors using a metamaterial (MTM) loaded three-dimensional (3D) stacked wideband antenna array. The antenna is comprised of metamaterial-loaded with three substrate layers, including two air gaps. One 1 × 4 MTM array element is used in the top layer and middle layer, and one 3 × 2 MTM array element is used in the bottom layer. The MTM array elements in layers are utilized to enhance the performance concerning antenna's efficiency, bandwidth, realized gain, radiation directionality in free space and near the head model. The antenna is fabricated on cost-effective Rogers RT5880 and RO4350B substrate, and the optimized dimension of the antenna is 50 × 40 × 8.66 mm3. The measured results show that the antenna has a fractional bandwidth of 79.20% (1.37-3.16 GHz), 93% radiation efficiency, 98% high fidelity factor, 6.67 dBi gain, and adequate field penetration in the head tissue with a maximum of 0.0018 W/kg specific absorption rate. In addition, a 3D realistic tissue-mimicking head phantom is fabricated and measured to verify the performance of the antenna. Later, a nine-antenna array-based microwave brain imaging (MBI) system is implemented and investigated by using phantom model. After that, the scattering parameters are collected, analyzed, and then processed by the Iteratively Corrected delay-multiply-and-sum algorithm to detect and reconstruct the brain tumor images. The imaging results demonstrated that the implemented MBI system can successfully detect the target benign and malignant tumors with their locations inside the brain.

Matched MeSH terms: Head

Fulltext Nuanced contribution of gut microbiome in the early brain development of mice

Yeo XY, Chae WR, Lee HU, Bae HG, Pettersson S, Grandjean J, et al.

Gut Microbes, 2023 Dec;15(2):2283911.

PMID: 38010368 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2283911

The complex symbiotic relationship between the mammalian body and gut microbiome plays a critical role in the health outcomes of offspring later in life. The gut microbiome modulates virtually all physiological functions through direct or indirect interactions to maintain physiological homeostasis. Previous studies indicate a link between maternal/early-life gut microbiome, brain development, and behavioral outcomes relating to social cognition. Here we present direct evidence of the role of the gut microbiome in brain development. Through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we investigated the impact of the gut microbiome on brain organization and structure using germ-free (GF) mice and conventionalized mice, with the gut microbiome reintroduced after weaning. We found broad changes in brain volume in GF mice that persist despite the reintroduction of gut microbes at weaning. These data suggest a direct link between the maternal gut or early-postnatal microbe and their impact on brain developmental programming.

Matched MeSH terms: Head

Fulltext Isolated Apophyseal Avulsion of the Greater Trochanter Treated by Minimally Invasive Osteosynthesis: A Case Report

Malerba G, Basilico M, Bonfiglio N, Maccauro G

Malays Orthop J, 2020 Nov;14(3):177-179.

PMID: 33403082 DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.2011.029

Isolated apophyseal avulsion of the greater trochanter is a rare condition in the paediatric population, frequently related to avascular necrosis of the femoral head. Since there are few cases in the literature, there is no consensus regarding the best treatment of this injury. Our study describes the case of a 9-year-old patient with an avulsion of the right greater trochanter. A minimally invasive osteosynthesis was performed, achieving complete clinical and radiographic healing of the patient and no long-term complications after four years.

Matched MeSH terms: Femur Head; Femur Head Necrosis

Application of optical coherence tomography to study the structural features of oral mucosa in biopsy tissues of oral dysplasia and carcinomas

Obade AY, Pandarathodiyil AK, Oo AL, Warnakulasuriya S, Ramanathan A

Clin Oral Investig, 2021 Sep;25(9):5411-5419.

PMID: 33629155 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-03849-0

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to examine the ability of optical coherence tomography (OCT) to differentiate ex vivo epithelial structure of benign disorders, dysplastic, and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in comparison with the structure of normal marginal mucosa of oral biopsies. As a secondary objective, we examined the inter- and intra-observer variations of OCT measurements of two calibrated assessors.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Oral biopsies (n = 44) were scanned using the swept source OCT (SSOCT) and grouped by pathology diagnosis to benign, dysplasia or carcinoma. Two trained and calibrated assessors scored on the five OCT variables: thickness of keratin layer (KL), epithelial layer (EL), homogeneity of lamina propria (LP), basement membrane integrity (BMI), and the degree of reflection of the epithelial layer (Ep Re). Chi-square tests and Fischer's exact method were used to compare the data.

RESULTS: The OCT images showed breached BM status in all the OSCC samples (100%). Epithelial reflection was noted to be hyper-reflective in all the OSCC and oral dysplasia samples (100%). An increase in KL in 66.67% of the OSCC and 100% of the oral dysplasia samples was found. EL was increased in all the OSCC samples (100%) and 85.72% of the oral dysplasias. Kappa values showed that there was very good agreement (over 0.7) when scoring individual parameters between the two assessors.

CONCLUSION: The study showed that the BM status was a key parameter in the detection of SCC and for differentiating SCC from oral dysplasia or benign disorders.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE: OCT is a non-invasive and non-radioactive adjunct diagnostic tool that can provide immediate results on the structure of oral mucosa. The BM status measured ex vivo was a key parameter in the detection of SCC and for differentiating SCC from oral dysplasia or benign disorders.

Matched MeSH terms: Head and Neck Neoplasms*

Fulltext Automated Sperm Head Detection Using Intersecting Cortical Model Optimised by Particle Swarm Optimization

Tan WC, Mat Isa NA

PLoS One, 2016;11(9):e0162985.

PMID: 27632581 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162985

In human sperm motility analysis, sperm segmentation plays an important role to determine the location of multiple sperms. To ensure an improved segmentation result, the Laplacian of Gaussian filter is implemented as a kernel in a pre-processing step before applying the image segmentation process to automatically segment and detect human spermatozoa. This study proposes an intersecting cortical model (ICM), which was derived from several visual cortex models, to segment the sperm head region. However, the proposed method suffered from parameter selection; thus, the ICM network is optimised using particle swarm optimization where feature mutual information is introduced as the new fitness function. The final results showed that the proposed method is more accurate and robust than four state-of-the-art segmentation methods. The proposed method resulted in rates of 98.14%, 98.82%, 86.46% and 99.81% in accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and precision, respectively, after testing with 1200 sperms. The proposed algorithm is expected to be implemented in analysing sperm motility because of the robustness and capability of this algorithm.

Matched MeSH terms: Sperm Head*

Fulltext The two faces of capital femoral epiphyseal injury--new treatment paradigms against the perceived myths

Hassan Shukur M

Med J Malaysia, 2006 Feb;61 Suppl A:1-2.

PMID: 17042219

In this issue of the Journal, there are two articles addressing relevant clinical problems that we may encounter in our practice. The main issue related to the occurrence of the inevitability of the avascular necrosis (AVN) following treatment of two different major types of capital femoral epiphyseal 'injury'.

Matched MeSH terms: Femur Head/injuries*; Femur Head/radiography; Femur Head/surgery; Femur Head Necrosis/etiology; Femur Head Necrosis/prevention & control

Fulltext Transphyseal fracture-separation of the femoral capital epiphysis: a true SCFE of traumatic origin

Aminudin CA, Suhail A, Shukur MH, Yeap JK

Med J Malaysia, 2006 Feb;61 Suppl A:94-6.

PMID: 17042240

Acute traumatic transphyseal fracture of the capital femoral epiphysis is a rare but serious injury. The injury is typically inflicted by a severe trauma. Because of the vulnerability and predisposed anatomy of the femoral epiphysis in relation to its blood supply, the fracture has been designated to have poor prognosis with inevitable osteonecrosis and eventual deformity of the hip. We report a case of such fracture in a 13-year-old child in view to highlight some of the anticipated problems in the management of such injury.

Matched MeSH terms: Femur Head/injuries*; Femur Head/radiography; Femur Head/surgery; Femur Head Necrosis/etiology; Femur Head Necrosis/prevention & control

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