MyMedR

Displaying all 7 publications

Abstract:

Sort:

Fulltext Bladder tumours - a review of 150 patients treated at the Institute of Urology and Nephrology General Hospital Kuala Lumpur

Mahamooth Z, Awang H

Med J Malaysia, 1983 Mar;38(1):4-8.
PMID: 6633334

One hundred and fifty patients with urothelial tumours were reviewed. They form the majority of patients with bladder cancer referred to the Institute of Urology over the past three years. From the study it becomes very apparent that the majority of patients are seen late in the course of their disease. The results of treatment of patients with early lesions have been satisfactory but the patients with late invasive lesions have very poor prognosis. A plea is made that one be more aware of this condition and that symptoms of haematuria and urinary tract infections should have a full urological assessment early.

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Transitional Cell/pathology*
Urethral recurrence after radical cystectomy for urothelial carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Fahmy O, Khairul-Asri MG, Schubert T, Renninger M, Kübler H, Stenzl A, et al.

Urol Oncol, 2018 02;36(2):54-59.
PMID: 29196179 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2017.11.007

PURPOSE: Currently, identified factors for urethral recurrence (UR) are based on individual reporting which has displayed controversy. In addition, risk of UR is one of the limiting factors to offer neobladder diversion during radical cystectomy (RC). We aim to systematically evaluate the incidence and risk factors of UR post-RC and its effect on survival.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic online search was conducted according to PRISMA statement for publications reporting on UR after RC. From initial 802 results, 14 articles including 6169 patients were included finally after exclusion of ineligible studies.
RESULTS: The incidence rate of UR was 4.4% (1.3%-13.7%). It was significantly lower with neobladder diversion (odds ratio = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.24-0.79, P = 0.006). Muscle invasion (hazard ratio = 1.18, 95% CI: 0.86-1.62, P = 0.31), carcinoma in situ (hazard ratio 0.97, 95% CI: 0.64-1.47, P = 0.88), prostatic stromal involvement (hazard ratio = 2.26, 95% CI: 0.01-627.75, P = 0.78), and prostatic urethral involvement (hazard ratio = 2.04, 95% CI: 0.20-20.80, P = 0.55) have no significant effect on UR. Men displayed tendency toward higher incidence of UR (odds ratio = 2.21, 95% CI: 0.96-5.06, P = 0.06). Absence of recurrence displayed tendency toward better disease specific survival, yet not significant (hazard ratio = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.66-1.08, P = 0.17). These results are limited by the retrospective nature of the included studies.
CONCLUSION: Muscle invasion, carcinoma in situ and prostatic stromal or urethral involvement at time of RC have no significant effect on UR. Orthotopic neobladder is associated with a significant lower risk of UR after RC.

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Transitional Cell/pathology
Endobronchial glomus tumor

Rashid Ali MR, Kannan KK

J Bronchology Interv Pulmonol, 2015 Jan;22(1):66-8.
PMID: 25590487 DOI: 10.1097/LBR.0000000000000128

We report a case of a 52-year-old patient who had undergone a bladder resection and an ileal conduit for a transitional cell carcinoma. He then presented with a short history of hemoptysis 3 months later. Rigid bronchoscopy was performed revealing an endobronchial lesion, which was removed via laser and debulking method without complications. Histopathologic examination confirmed it to be a benign endobronchial glomus tumor. On the basis of our literature search, this is the 34th reported case of glomus tumor arising from the respiratory tract, seventh reported case of an endobronchial glomus tumor treated bronchoscopically, and the first possibly coincidental finding in relation to a patient with primary transitional bladder cell carcinoma.

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Transitional Cell/pathology
Immunohistochemical expression of NANOG in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder

Md Akhir MKA, Hussin H, Veerakumarasivam A, Choy CS, Abdullah MA, Abd Ghani F

Malays J Pathol, 2017 Dec;39(3):227-234.
PMID: 29279584 MyJurnal

Urothelial carcinoma is a common malignant neoplasm that has a poor prognosis and a high frequency of recurrence and metastasis. Constant disease surveillance with periodic and long term cystoscopy examination is necessary for management of the disease. However, the monitoring and therapy regimen is expensive, incurring a massive burden to patients and the government. Therefore, the development of specific biomarkers for urothelial carcinoma at an early stage and recurrence detection becomes a priority. Homeobox genes are a family of genes that are involved in tumourigenesis. They might be potential prognostic markers for urothelial carcinoma. The study investigated the expression pattern of NANOG which is one of a homeobox gene in different stages and grades of urothelial carcinoma. NANOG expressions were also correlated with patient demographic factors and clinicopathological parameters. The expression of NANOG in 100 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded urothelial carcinoma tissues was determined by immunohistochemistry. Immunohistochemistry showed positive expression of NANOG in all specimens with detection in the cytoplasm, nuclei and the nuclear membrane of the cancer cells. The immunohistochemical expression of NANOG increased across stages and grades of the tumour. The expression of NANOG was not significantly associated with demographic factors; gender (p = 0.376), race (p = 0.718) and age (p = 0.058) as well as with most of the clinicopathological parameters; pathological stage (p = 0.144), grade (p = 0.625), lymph node involvement (p = 0.174) and distant metastasis (p = 0.228). However, NANOG expression showed significant correlation with tumour invasion (p = 0.019). We concluded that NANOG might be a potential biomarker for early diagnosis of urothelial carcinoma of the bladder.

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Transitional Cell/pathology*
Fulltext Reiter's syndrome postintravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin instillations

Ng KL, Chua CB

Asian J Surg, 2017 Apr;40(2):163-165.
PMID: 25183290 DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2014.01.016

Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) has been a proven and effective immunotherapy treatment for superficial transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the bladder, especially for high-grade tumors and carcinoma in situ. Nevertheless, significant side effects are associated with BCG instillations, including fever, myalgia, malaise, dysuria, hematuria, and irritable lower urinary tract symptoms. We herein report the case of a patient who developed Reiter's syndrome following intravesical BCG instillations. A 39-year-old Chinese man presented with a 3-week history of dysuria, suprapubic pain, and pain at the tip of the penis postmicturition. Initial investigations revealed that he had microhematuria, and an ultrasound with computed tomography scan of the abdomen showed a bladder mass. Transurethral resection of the bladder tumor was performed and the patient received a single dose of intravesical mitomycin postoperatively. Results of histopathological examination revealed high-grade bladder TCC (G3pT1), and the patient was managed with intravesical BCG for 2 weeks following the surgery. Four weekly cycles of BCG were administered uneventfully; however, before the fifth instillation, the patient complained of urethral discharge, bilateral conjunctivitis, and low back pain. Reiter's syndrome was diagnosed as a rare but known complication of BCG instillation and the BCG immunotherapy was withheld. The patient was treated with nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (for back pain) and eye ointment (for conjunctivitis) and his condition improved. This case report of Reiter's syndrome should be highlighted as a rare but significant complication of BCG immunotherapy and urologists should have a high index of suspicion to diagnose this rare complication.

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Transitional Cell/pathology
Fulltext Tumor markers of bladder cancer: the schistosomal bladder tumors versus non-schistosomal bladder tumors

Abdulamir AS, Hafidh RR, Kadhim HS, Abubakar F

J Exp Clin Cancer Res, 2009;28:27.
PMID: 19243595 DOI: 10.1186/1756-9966-28-27

The aim of this study is to comparatively elucidate the underlying molecular pathways and clinicopathological criteria in schistosomal bladder tumor (SBT) versus non-schistosomal bladder tumor (NSBT).

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Transitional Cell/pathology
Expression of AR, 5αR1 and 5αR2 in bladder urothelial carcinoma and relationship to clinicopathological factors

Hata S, Ise K, Azmahani A, Konosu-Fukaya S, McNamara KM, Fujishima F, et al.

Life Sci, 2017 Dec 01;190:15-20.
PMID: 28947209 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.09.029

AIMS: Bladder urothelial carcinoma is increasing in incidence with age and its prognosis could become worse when accompanied with metastasis. Effective treatment of these advanced patients is required and it becomes important to understand its underlying biology of this neoplasm, especially with regard to its biological pathways. A potential proposed pathway is androgen receptor (AR)-mediated intracellular signaling but the details have remained relatively unexplored.
MAIN METHODS: The expression of AR, 5α-reductase type1 (5αR1) and 5α-reductase type2 (5αR2) were examined in the bladder cancer cell line T24 and surgical pathology specimens. We also evaluated the status of androgen related cell proliferation and migration using the potent, non-aromatizable androgen agonist 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT).
KEY FINDINGS: DHT treatment significantly increased AR mRNA expression level, but not those of 5αR1 and 5αR2 in T24 cells. DHT also suppressed cellular migration with weaker and opposite effects on cell proliferation. A significant inverse correlation was detected between pT stage and AR, 5αR1 and 5αR2 immunoreactivity.
SIGNIFICANCE: Inverse correlations detected between tumor grade and AR/androgen metabolizing enzyme also suggested that the loss of AR and androgen-producing enzymes could be associated with tumor progression. Effects of DHT on cells also suggest that androgens may regulate cellular behavior.

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Transitional Cell/pathology