The preformation factor of alpha-decay process in compound nuclei is microscopically proposed with a new perspective. The formation of alpha particle inside the parent nuclei is considered as a quantum-mechanical state which is yielded from a certain interaction among the valance nucleons. This interaction is very similar to that one responsible for the formation of the quasi-bound states in many-body system. This introduced microscopic perspective might give more insight to the understanding of the nuclear structure in the compound nuclei.
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are tumor cells that have detached from primary tumor site and are transported via the circulation system. The importance of CTCs as prognostic biomarker is leveraged when multiple studies found that patient with cutoff of 5 CTCs per 7.5 mL blood has poor survival rate. Despite its clinical relevance, the isolation and characterization of CTCs can be quite challenging due to their large morphological variability and the rare presence of CTCs within the blood. Numerous methods have been employed and discussed in the literature for CTCs separation. In this paper, we will focus on label free CTCs isolation methods, in which the biophysical and biomechanical properties of cells (e.g., size, deformability, and electricity) are exploited for CTCs detection. To assess the present state of various isolation methods, key performance metrics such as capture efficiency, cell viability, and throughput will be reported. Finally, we discuss the challenges and future perspectives of CTC isolation technologies.