MyMedR

Displaying all 7 publications

Abstract:

Sort:

Randomised post-test-only study of glutathione and ursodeoxycholic acid combination therapy on liver function in cholestasis-induced rats

Prasetyo AA, Rachmawati B, Riwanto I

Med J Malaysia, 2024 Aug;79(Suppl 4):63-67.
PMID: 39215417

INTRODUCTION: Cholestasis is bile flow disruption that leads to bile accumulation, which could lead to liver fibrosis. Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) has a hepatoprotective effect. Glutathione (GSH) is an endogenous antioxidant that plays a role in maintaining the function and structure of liver cells. This study aimed to examine the effect of UDCA-GSH combination therapy in multiple doses on liver function in the Sprague-Dawley rats' liver fibrosis model.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a randomised post-testonly study. A total of 28 rats were assigned into four groups: Group 1 is control group (C), samples had bile duct ligation and UDCA monotherapy 20 mg; Group 2, bile duct ligation + UDCA 10 mg + glutathione 10 mg (P1); Group 3, bile duct ligation + UDCA 20 mg + glutathione 15 mg (P2); Group 4, bile duct ligation + UDCA 30 mg + glutathione 20 mg (P3). Serum AST, ALT, ALP activity, total, direct and indirect bilirubin were collected. Shapiro-Wilk test was used for the normality test. All groups' data were compared using Kruskall-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests.
RESULTS: There was a significant difference in the ALP level in all rats and between the C and P2 groups. ALP level of all groups decreased significantly compared to the control group. Combination therapy group showed lower bilirubin levels. ALT levels significantly differed between the C-P1, P1-P2, and P1-P3 groups.
CONCLUSION: UDCA-GSH therapy improves liver function in BDL rats' models compared to UDCA monotherapy.
Further Insight into the Definite Morphology and Formation Mechanism of Mesoporous Silica KCC-1

Febriyanti E, Suendo V, Mukti RR, Prasetyo A, Arifin AF, Akbar MA, et al.

Langmuir, 2016 06 14;32(23):5802-11.
PMID: 27120557 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b00675

The unique three-dimensional pore structure of KCC-1 has attracted significant attention and has proven to be different compared to other conventional mesoporous silica such as the MCM-41 family, SBA-15, or even MSN nanoparticles. In this research, we carefully examine the morphology of KCC-1 to define more appropriate nomenclature. We also propose a formation mechanism of KCC-1 based on our experimental evidence. Herein, the KCC-1 morphology was interpreted mainly on the basis of compiling all observation and information taken from SEM and TEM images. Further analysis on TEM images was carried out. The gray value intensity profile was derived from TEM images in order to determine the specific pattern of this unique morphology that is found to be clearly different from that of other types of porous spherical-like morphologies. On the basis of these results, the KCC-1 morphology would be more appropriately reclassified as bicontinuous concentric lamellar morphology. Some physical characteristics such as the origin of emulsion, electrical conductivity, and the local structure of water molecules in the KCC-1 emulsion were disclosed to reveal the formation mechanism of KCC-1. The origin of the KCC-1 emulsion was characterized by the observation of the Tyndall effect, conductometry to determine the critical micelle concentration, and Raman spectroscopy. In addition, the morphological evolution study during KCC-1 synthesis completes the portrait of the formation of mesoporous silica KCC-1.
Fulltext Toward developing a sustainability index for the Islamic Social Finance program: An empirical investigation

Widiastuti T, Prasetyo A, Robani A, Mawardi I, Rosida R, Al Mustofa MU

PLoS One, 2022;17(11):e0276876.
PMID: 36413519 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276876

Several previous studies state that the Islamic Social Finance program has not fully succeeded in creating prosperity, and there are no definite measurements to show the sustainability impact of the program. Thus, a measurement is needed to analyze various aspects in achieving the success and sustainability of Islamic social finance programs. This study developed an index for performance evaluation with an emphasis on the success and sustainability of the Islamic Social Finance program. The study used the Analytical Network Process to determine and analyze priority components. Furthermore, the Multistage Weighted Index method was used to calculate the final index score. The index was built by taking into consideration various factors, stakeholders, aspects, and indicators. This study indicates that aspects of funding contribution from donors (0.22), involvement of donors in giving advice (0.99), and controlling of supervisor (0.08) are priority aspects in the success and sustainability of the program. An empirical investigation was performed on three different programs in Indonesia: A, B, and C. Program A (0.81) and C (0.80) have succeeded in improving the beneficiaries' quality of life to the level of economic resilience, although at a low level of sustainability (76-84.33). On the other hand, program B (0.73) is at the economic reinforcement and has not yet achieved sustainability. This index can be seen as a comprehensive tool for measuring the success and sustainability of the program at several levels.
A New Simplified Visual Assessment Tool Describing Facial Morphotypes Observed and Desired in Asian Populations

Corduff N, Chao YY, Lam SC, Lim J, Lim TS, Lohia K, et al.

J Clin Aesthet Dermatol, 2020 Apr;13(4):23-34.
PMID: 33144908

OBJECTIVE: A group of established aesthetic physicians sought to develop treatment guidelines for assessing Asian face morphologies that reflect accurate and current beauty standards across Asia. DESIGN: Physicians completed surveys, debated, and voted on their clinical strategies and developed an alternative simplified visual tool of assessment (SVAT) that discerns between country variations in genetic and ideal morphotypes. SETTING: Electronic and paper surveys were followed by consensus debates and voting. PARTICIPANTS: Established aesthetic physicians practicing regularly on Asian patients. MEAUSUREMENTS: A clinically applicable SVAT was developed, which considered facial index, mid-face projection, upper and lower face shape, submalar contour, nose length and dorsal height, eye shape and brow shape, proportion of lips-to-lower face and ratio of upper-to-lower lip, and chin shape. RESULTS: For facial shape change, physicians always assessed the horizontal thirds, facial symmetry, and lip-chin complex profile, and also analyzed overall face shapes and Ogee curves. Criteria for creating oval-shaped faces was also defined and included treating indications, such as loss of angularity and bilateral masseter muscle hypertrophy, narrow jawlines, and longer and wider foreheads. Critical differences and similarities in country-specific aesthetic preferences, treatment requests, and considerations or strategies were uncovered, including the inadequacy of assessing overall peripheral facial shapes. CONCLUSION: This consensus establishes the assessment and treatment criteria for achieving ideal shapes for Asian patients. Specific descriptors are affected by variations; therefore, we present the visual criteria for Asian facial morphotypes. We hope that physicians new to treating Asian patients can use this clinical information to improve their practice.
Global status and conservation potential of reef sharks

MacNeil MA, Chapman DD, Heupel M, Simpfendorfer CA, Heithaus M, Meekan M, et al.

Nature, 2020 07;583(7818):801-806.
PMID: 32699418 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2519-y

Decades of overexploitation have devastated shark populations, leaving considerable doubt as to their ecological status1,2. Yet much of what is known about sharks has been inferred from catch records in industrial fisheries, whereas far less information is available about sharks that live in coastal habitats3. Here we address this knowledge gap using data from more than 15,000 standardized baited remote underwater video stations that were deployed on 371 reefs in 58 nations to estimate the conservation status of reef sharks globally. Our results reveal the profound impact that fishing has had on reef shark populations: we observed no sharks on almost 20% of the surveyed reefs. Reef sharks were almost completely absent from reefs in several nations, and shark depletion was strongly related to socio-economic conditions such as the size and proximity of the nearest market, poor governance and the density of the human population. However, opportunities for the conservation of reef sharks remain: shark sanctuaries, closed areas, catch limits and an absence of gillnets and longlines were associated with a substantially higher relative abundance of reef sharks. These results reveal several policy pathways for the restoration and management of reef shark populations, from direct top-down management of fishing to indirect improvement of governance conditions. Reef shark populations will only have a high chance of recovery by engaging key socio-economic aspects of tropical fisheries.
Author Correction: Global status and conservation potential of reef sharks

MacNeil MA, Chapman DD, Heupel M, Simpfendorfer CA, Heithaus M, Meekan M, et al.

Nature, 2020 09;585(7825):E11.
PMID: 32848253 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2692-z

An Amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Widespread diversity deficits of coral reef sharks and rays

Simpfendorfer CA, Heithaus MR, Heupel MR, MacNeil MA, Meekan M, Harvey E, et al.

Science, 2023 Jun 16;380(6650):1155-1160.
PMID: 37319199 DOI: 10.1126/science.ade4884

A global survey of coral reefs reveals that overfishing is driving resident shark species toward extinction, causing diversity deficits in reef elasmobranch (shark and ray) assemblages. Our species-level analysis revealed global declines of 60 to 73% for five common resident reef shark species and that individual shark species were not detected at 34 to 47% of surveyed reefs. As reefs become more shark-depleted, rays begin to dominate assemblages. Shark-dominated assemblages persist in wealthy nations with strong governance and in highly protected areas, whereas poverty, weak governance, and a lack of shark management are associated with depauperate assemblages mainly composed of rays. Without action to address these diversity deficits, loss of ecological function and ecosystem services will increasingly affect human communities.