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Fulltext Food waste handling in Malaysia and comparison with other Asian countries

Lim, W. J., Chin, N. L., Yusof, A. Y., Yahya, A., Tee, T. P.

International Food Research Journal, 2016;23(101):1-6.
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The increasing amount of food waste in Malaysia in recent years has brought many environmental
issues in the country where it affects the nation’s solid waste management framework. At the
moment, the government is limited to other alternatives of food waste disposal besides the
conventional landfill and incineration methods. This paper provides information on the current
status of food waste handling, management, regulations, and policies in Malaysia. It helps
to draw the problem and challenge to a clearer view in efforts of achieving sustainable and
integrative food waste handling in the country.
Resistant hypertension during antituberculosis treatment: how is rifampicin implicated?

Lee SL, Lim WJ, Chai ST

Med J Malaysia, 2020 09;75(5):591-593.
PMID: 32918434

A 67-year-old mental institute resident was treated for smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis. His background history included chronic essential hypertension which was well-controlled with amlodipine 10mg daily. However, his blood pressure became suboptimal one week into antitubercular treatment, necessitating escalation of antihypertensive therapy up to six medications. Following completion of antitubercular treatment, his blood pressure improved markedly. The number of antihypertensives was able to be reduced to only two after a month. We postulate that rifampicin has attenuated the therapeutic effect of amlodipine via potent induction of hepatic CYP3A4 but the failure to control the blood pressure even with medications unrelated to cytochrome P450 pathways raises the spectre of an additional interaction.
Natural fixatives alternative to formalin in histopathology: A systematic review

Yee AWM, Oo PS, Aye SN, Lim WJ, Chee VCX, Krishnappa P

Med J Malaysia, 2023 Jan;78(1):98-108.
PMID: 36715199

INTRODUCTION: Since constant long-term exposure to formaldehyde endangers the health of laboratory personnel, sugar-based natural products have become interesting alternative fixatives to formaldehyde because of their preservative and antibacterial properties. However, there are controversial findings on the fixative effects of natural fixatives. This study systematically reviews the evidence comparing natural fixatives' types, dilutions, fixative properties and staining quality in normal tissues and histopathological specimens.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A comprehensive search was performed for studies comparing the natural fixatives- and formaldehyde-fixed tissues using databases from inception to January 2022: PubMed, Ovid Medline and Google Scholar. Two independent reviewers did data extraction. The data were pooled for the type of natural fixatives, their concentrations and fixative qualities compared to formaldehyde.
RESULTS: Fifteen studies were included in this systematic review. Nine studies used one natural fixative with different dilutions, while six used several natural fixatives to compare their fixative properties with formaldehyde. The most used natural fixative was honey (n = 12) followed by jaggery (n = 8), sugar (n = 3) and others (n = 1). Honey showed the most promising results in fixation and staining, which are compatible with formalin. Jaggery and sugar also showed the possibility of replacing formaldehyde in tissue fixation and staining in smaller tissue samples.
CONCLUSION: Natural fixatives showed promising results in tissue fixation. However, optimising the concentrations and conditions of natural fixatives is difficult because of the different chemical constituents and production steps. More comprehensive studies are necessary for application.

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