Diversity of forensically important insects were documented from two experiments using a monkey
(long-tailed macaque, Macacafascicularis Raffles) and a pig (Susscrofa L.) carcasses. The experiments
were conducted in shrub area of Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS), Kota Kinabalu and in rural area of
Menggatal district, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah respectively. Records were made daily on insects visiting the
carcasses, the environmental temperatures and relative humidity.Blowflies, Chysomyamegacephala
(Fabricius), Chrysomyarufifacies (Macquart) and Sarcophagabrevicornis(Ho) were the earliest species
to be recorded in both studies. Other species of flies recorded from both
carcasesincludeLuciliacuprina(Wiedemann),Hydroteaspinigera(Stein), Muscadomestica(Linnaeus)
and Fannia spp. Additional species observed on pig carcasswere Hypopygiopsisviolacea(Macquart),
Stomorhina sp.(Rondani) and beetles,Diamesusosculans(Vigors) (Coleptera: Silphidae). Information
from this study provides important base data on the local carrion fauna which help to improve the post
mortem interval determination in local forensic cases.
Malaria is a major public health problem in tropical and subtropical areas, caused by five
species of Plasmodium (P. falciparum, P. vivax, P. malariae, P. ovale andP. knowlesi) and is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. We have developed molecular markers for three genes viz, Cytb, dhfr and Msp-1 gene and designed a protocol for rapid molecular diagnostics of the four malaria parasites prevalent in Southeast Asia. The new primers were used on the blood
samples containing Plasmodium parasites by conventional PCR. The result was compared with
the nested PCR of Singh et al. (2004) and the microscopy method. The result shows that the new
set of primers had successfully amplified all four human malaria parasite species. These primers
were 100% sensitive and more specific than microscopy and PCR identification using these
primers was faster than the nested PCR. These alternative primers should provide powerful and
rapid molecular diagnostic method for detecting Plasmodium species as well as providing reliable
data for epidemiology study. These primers have the potential to be combined and used in
multiplex PCR.