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Fulltext Synergistic Roles of Curcumin in Sensitising the Cisplatin Effect on a Cancer Stem Cell-Like Population Derived from Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Lines

Abdul Satar N, Ismail MN, Yahaya BH

Molecules, 2021 Feb 18;26(4).
PMID: 33670440 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26041056

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) represent a small subpopulation within a tumour. These cells possess stem cell-like properties but also initiate resistance to cytotoxic agents, which contributes to cancer relapse. Natural compounds such as curcumin that contain high amounts of polyphenols can have a chemosensitivity effect that sensitises CSCs to cytotoxic agents such as cisplatin. This study was designed to investigate the efficacy of curcumin as a chemo-sensitiser in CSCs subpopulation of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using the lung cancer adenocarcinoma human alveolar basal epithelial cells A549 and H2170. The ability of curcumin to sensitise lung CSCs to cisplatin was determined by evaluating stemness characteristics, including proliferation activity, colony formation, and spheroid formation of cells treated with curcumin alone, cisplatin alone, or the combination of both at 24, 48, and 72 h. The mRNA level of genes involved in stemness was analysed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to evaluate the effect of curcumin on the CSC niche. A combined treatment of A549 subpopulations with curcumin reduced cellular proliferation activity at all time points. Curcumin significantly (p < 0.001) suppressed colonies formation by 50% and shrank the spheroids in CSC subpopulations, indicating inhibition of their self-renewal capability. This effect also was manifested by the down-regulation of SOX2, NANOG, and KLF4. Curcumin also regulated the niche of CSCs by inhibiting chemoresistance proteins, aldehyde dehydrogenase, metastasis, angiogenesis, and proliferation of cancer-related proteins. These results show the potential of using curcumin as a therapeutic approach for targeting CSC subpopulations in non-small cell lung cancer.
A case of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and precious pregnancy

Abdul Satar NF, Cheong EV, Jasmin LPY, Ngu MR

Med J Malaysia, 2020 11;75(6):738-741.
PMID: 33219188

Cancer during pregnancy is a rare condition. We report here a case of a lady diagnosed with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) at University of Malaya Medical Centre during her first pregnancy conceived via In Vitro Fertilisation (IVF). A multidisciplinary (MDT) meeting among Oncology, Obstetrics, Rheumatology and Otolaryngology teams was conducted to discuss her treatment options. She opted for treatment with Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM). This case illustrates the unique challenges in the oncological management of a patient diagnosed with NPC during pregnancy. It also serves as a reminder that the use of CAM in cancer patients is prevalent. It is important for doctors to inquire about use of CAM and to be well-informed about it. Transparent communication and taking cognizance of the goals and concerns of the patients are essential in delivering patient-centred care.
Adjuvant breast radiotherapy outcome in older women: A Malaysian experience

Jasmin Munchar E, Abdul Satar NF, Vance Koi YC, Rizma MZ, Nurul AMN, Abdul Wahab D

Med J Malaysia, 2022 Jan;77(1):87-89.
PMID: 35087000

Adjuvant breast radiotherapy is offered to patients with localized breast cancer. We performed a retrospective review of older women receiving adjuvant breast radiotherapy in University Malaya Medical Centre, Malaysia (UMMC) in 2014. Out of 191 women, 23% (43) were 60 years old and above. At a median follow up of 6.6 years, 4.6% (2) had local recurrence and 19% (8) distant metastasis. In a subgroup of low risk older patients with hormone-sensitive, HER2 negative, T1N0 disease, all (3/43) are still alive with no local recurrence. We propose further research for treatment de-escalation in low risk elderly patients.
Fulltext Nicotine-induced cessation of embryonic development is reversed by γ-tocotrienol in mice

Kamsani YS, Rajikin MH, Mohamed Nor Khan NA, Abdul Satar N, Chatterjee A

Med Sci Monit Basic Res, 2013 Mar 06;19:87-92.
PMID: 23462735 DOI: 10.12659/MSMBR.883822

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to evaluate the adverse effects of various doses of nicotine and protective effects of different concentrations of gamma-tocotrienol (gamma-TCT) on in vitro embryonic development and lipid peroxidation in mice.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: A) Effects of various doses of nicotine on in vitro embryonic development: Female mice were treated with 1.0, 3.0, or 5.0 mg/kg/day nicotine for 7 consecutive days. Animals were superovulated, cohabited overnight, and sacrificed. Embryos were cultured in vitro. Plasma was assayed. B) Effects of concomitant treatment of nicotine concurrently with various doses of gamma-TCT on in vitro embryonic development: Female mice were treated with nicotine (5.0 mg/kg/day), gavaged gamma-TCT of 30, 60, or 90 mg/kg/day or nicotine concurrently with gamma-TCT of 3 different doses for 7 consecutive days. Animals were superovulated, cohabited overnight, and sacrificed. Embryos were cultured and plasma was assayed.
RESULTS: A) Effects of various doses of nicotine on in vitro embryonic development: Number of hatched blastocysts decreased in 1.0 and 3.0 mg/kg/day nicotine groups. Nicotine at 5.0 mg/kg/day stopped embryo development at morula. MDA concentrations increased following all nicotine doses. B) Effects of concomitant treatment of nicotine concurrently with various doses of gamma-TCT on in vitro embryonic development: Embryo development was completed in all groups. MDA concentration increased only in the group treated with nicotine concurrently with 30 mg/kg/day gamma-TCT.
CONCLUSIONS: Nicotine impairs in vitro embryo development and increases MDA in plasma. The deleterious impact of nicotine on embryo development is reversed by supplementing gamma-TCT concurrently with nicotine.