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Application of antimicrobial, potential hazard and mitigation plans

Khoo SC 1 , Goh MS 1 , Alias A 2 , Luang-In V 3 , Chin KW 4 , Ling Michelle TH 4 Show all authors , Sonne C 5 , Ma NL 6

Affiliations 

  • 1 Henan Province Engineering Research Centre for Biomass Value-added Products, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; BIOSES Research Interest Group, Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
  • 2 Eco-Innovation Research Interest Group, Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
  • 3 Natural Antioxidant Innovation Research Unit, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakham University, Khamriang, Kantarawichai, Maha Sarakham, 44150, Thailand
  • 4 BIOSES Research Interest Group, Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
  • 5 Henan Province Engineering Research Centre for Biomass Value-added Products, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; Aarhus University, Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark. Electronic address: [email protected]
  • 6 Henan Province Engineering Research Centre for Biomass Value-added Products, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; BIOSES Research Interest Group, Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia. Electronic address: [email protected]
Environ Res, 2022 Dec;215(Pt 1):114218.
PMID: 36049514 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114218

Abstract

The tremendous rise in the consumption of antimicrobial products had aroused global concerns, especially in the midst of pandemic COVID-19. Antimicrobial resistance has been accelerated by widespread usage of antimicrobial products in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, the widespread use of antimicrobial products releases biohazardous substances into the environment, endangering the ecology and ecosystem. Therefore, several strategies or measurements are needed to tackle this problem. In this review, types of antimicrobial available, emerging nanotechnology in antimicrobial production and their advanced application have been discussed. The problem of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) due to antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB)and antimicrobial resistance genes (AMG) had become the biggest threat to public health. To deal with this problem, an in-depth discussion of the challenges faced in antimicrobial mitigations and potential alternatives was reviewed.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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